Dengue fever 2019
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A 22-year old man recently returned from Timor with a fever, headache, body aches and pains, and now a rash. Given his symptoms and travel history, the most likely diagnosis is dengue fever. Blood tests should be performed to check for malaria, as well as a full blood count, electrolytes, liver and kidney function. A diagnosis of dengue can be confirmed by detecting antibodies in follow-up blood samples. With rest and over-the-counter pain medication, most dengue cases can be managed without hospitalization.
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Revision of the Jones Criteria for the Diagnosis of Acute Rheumatic Fever in ...
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acute rheumatic fever
1) The document discusses the history and latest developments in rheumatic fever, including the evolution of diagnostic criteria from Jones in 1944 to the 2015 AHA statement.
2) Key topics covered include subclinical carditis, the role of echocardiography in diagnosis, revisions to arthritis criteria, and implications of epidemiology for diagnostic approaches.
3) The 2015 AHA statement recommends echocardiography for all suspected rheumatic fever cases and considers monoarthritis a possible manifestation in high-risk populations.
Rheumatic heart disease oleh dr robert
Rheumatic heart disease is a serious complication that can result from rheumatic fever, which is an autoimmune response that occurs after a streptococcal throat infection in genetically susceptible individuals. The document discusses the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. It notes that while rare in developed countries, rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease remain major public health problems in developing nations. The interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors that allow streptococcal infections to spread is a key determinant in the rates of these diseases.
Rheumatic heart disease
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can occur weeks after a streptococcal throat infection. It primarily involves the heart, joints, brain, skin, and tissues under the skin. The main symptoms include inflammation of the heart (carditis), joint pain and swelling (arthritis), involuntary movements (chorea), and red rashes on the skin (erythema marginatum). Long term, repeated bouts of rheumatic fever can lead to permanent heart valve damage known as rheumatic heart disease. Treatment focuses on antibiotics to treat strep infections, pain medications, corticosteroids, and supportive care for any heart, brain or joint complications.
Rheumatic fever clinical features and diagnosis
This document provides information on rheumatic fever, including its:
1) Historical background, epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and clinical features such as polyarthritis, pancarditis, chorea, and subcutaneous nodules.
2) Methods of diagnosis including evidence of preceding streptococcal infection through throat culture or elevated antibody titers, as well as detecting rheumatic activity with elevated inflammatory markers.
3) The role of echocardiography in diagnosis and its increased sensitivity over clinical exam alone.
acquired heart disease
This document discusses acquired heart disease, specifically infective endocarditis and rheumatic heart disease. It defines infective endocarditis as an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Rheumatic fever is described as a non-suppurative complication that can occur weeks after a Group A Streptococcal infection. The document outlines the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these conditions through 23 pages of detailed text and images.
L1.. rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is a sequel to group A streptococcal infection, usually of the throat. It causes chronic damage to the heart valves. The Jones criteria are used to diagnose it based on major manifestations like carditis or migratory polyarthritis, and minor criteria like fever or arthritis. Treatment involves antibiotics for the streptococcal infection, aspirin or steroids for inflammation, and lifelong antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrence and further heart damage. Preventing initial streptococcal infections is key to reducing rheumatic fever incidence.
How to differentiate covid 19 pneumonia from heart failure by ct
COVID_19 pneumonia and congestive heart failure have overlap imaging features. Retrospective study of these two disease differences by CT .
Authors- Zhaowei Zhu1, MD, Jianjun Tang1, MD, Xiangping Chai2, MD, Zhenfei Fang1, MD, Qiming Liu3, MD, Xinqun Hu1, MD, Danyan Xu1, MD, Jia He1, MD, Liang Tang1, MD, Shi Tai1, MD, Yuzhi Wu3#, MD, Shenghua Zhou1#, MD
Correspondence to:
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Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.04.20031047
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1) The document discusses the history and latest developments in rheumatic fever, including the evolution of diagnostic criteria from Jones in 1944 to the 2015 AHA statement.
2) Key topics covered include subclinical carditis, the role of echocardiography in diagnosis, revisions to arthritis criteria, and implications of epidemiology for diagnostic approaches.
3) The 2015 AHA statement recommends echocardiography for all suspected rheumatic fever cases and considers monoarthritis a possible manifestation in high-risk populations.
Rheumatic heart disease oleh dr robert
Rheumatic heart disease is a serious complication that can result from rheumatic fever, which is an autoimmune response that occurs after a streptococcal throat infection in genetically susceptible individuals. The document discusses the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. It notes that while rare in developed countries, rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease remain major public health problems in developing nations. The interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors that allow streptococcal infections to spread is a key determinant in the rates of these diseases.
Rheumatic heart disease
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can occur weeks after a streptococcal throat infection. It primarily involves the heart, joints, brain, skin, and tissues under the skin. The main symptoms include inflammation of the heart (carditis), joint pain and swelling (arthritis), involuntary movements (chorea), and red rashes on the skin (erythema marginatum). Long term, repeated bouts of rheumatic fever can lead to permanent heart valve damage known as rheumatic heart disease. Treatment focuses on antibiotics to treat strep infections, pain medications, corticosteroids, and supportive care for any heart, brain or joint complications.
Rheumatic fever clinical features and diagnosis
This document provides information on rheumatic fever, including its:
1) Historical background, epidemiology, pathogenesis, pathology, and clinical features such as polyarthritis, pancarditis, chorea, and subcutaneous nodules.
2) Methods of diagnosis including evidence of preceding streptococcal infection through throat culture or elevated antibody titers, as well as detecting rheumatic activity with elevated inflammatory markers.
3) The role of echocardiography in diagnosis and its increased sensitivity over clinical exam alone.
acquired heart disease
This document discusses acquired heart disease, specifically infective endocarditis and rheumatic heart disease. It defines infective endocarditis as an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Rheumatic fever is described as a non-suppurative complication that can occur weeks after a Group A Streptococcal infection. The document outlines the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of these conditions through 23 pages of detailed text and images.
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Rheumatic fever is a sequel to group A streptococcal infection, usually of the throat. It causes chronic damage to the heart valves. The Jones criteria are used to diagnose it based on major manifestations like carditis or migratory polyarthritis, and minor criteria like fever or arthritis. Treatment involves antibiotics for the streptococcal infection, aspirin or steroids for inflammation, and lifelong antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrence and further heart damage. Preventing initial streptococcal infections is key to reducing rheumatic fever incidence.
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Correspondence to:
Shenghua Zhou, MD, PhD
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.04.20031047
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ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER IN INDIA
RF is an autoimmune response triggered by Group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. The molecular mimicry between antigens on GAS and host tissues can lead to cross-reactive antibodies that attack the heart, joints, brain, and skin, causing inflammation. Repeated episodes can lead to rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The risk is determined by interactions between the GAS virulence factors, host genetic susceptibility, and socioeconomic environment. Countries with comprehensive prevention programs have seen declines in RF, while it remains highly prevalent in developing nations with inadequate access to healthcare.
RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE S...
RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE S...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Rheumatic fever Occurs usually after an attack of phyrangitis or sore throat between age group of 5-15years.Male and females are equally affected.Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that occurs as a result of a prior streptococcal infection. It commonly affects children between 5-15 years old. The major systems involved are the heart, joints, skin, and brain. In the heart, it can cause inflammation of the tissues and valves, leading to scarring and deformities over time. On pathology, it is characterized by lesions called Aschoff bodies in the heart muscle. Long term, it can progress to chronic rheumatic heart disease with permanent valve damage and heart failure. Prompt treatment of streptococcal infections can help prevent recurrent cases of rheumatic fever.
Rheumatic fever & acute rheumatic heart disease Rheumatic fever & acute rhe...
Rheumatic fever is caused by an autoimmune response following a Group A streptococcal throat infection. It can affect the heart, joints, brain and skin. Heart involvement occurs in 50% of cases and can lead to permanent valve damage over years. Diagnosis is based on Jones criteria of evidence of prior streptococcal infection and major/minor clinical manifestations. Treatment involves bed rest, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and secondary prophylaxis with antibiotics to prevent recurrence. Recurrence risks are higher if the initial attack involved heart inflammation. Long term follow up is needed due to risk of developing chronic rheumatic heart disease.
Rheumatic heart disease
Rheumatic heart disease is caused by an autoimmune reaction to strep throat infection. It involves inflammation of the heart valves and can lead to valve damage over time. The mitral and aortic valves are most commonly affected, resulting in stenosis or insufficiency. Symptoms may include fever, joint pain, or heart murmurs. Treatment involves antibiotics to prevent recurrence, along with medications, activity restriction, and possibly valve surgery for severe cases. Nursing care focuses on reducing fever, monitoring the heart for changes, limiting activity, and educating patients and their families.
Rheumatic feve 2018
Rheumatic heart disease is a major health problem in many developing countries. It results from autoimmune reactions triggered by untreated streptococcal throat infections, leading to valvular damage. Genetics play a role in susceptibility. The pathogenesis involves molecular mimicry between antigens in group A streptococcus bacteria and human proteins, which can induce cross-reactive antibody responses and result in autoimmune-mediated damage to heart valves and other tissues. Cytokines and specific immune responses are also involved in the progression of rheumatic heart disease.
Ms mr rhd
This document discusses rheumatic heart disease, which is permanent heart valve damage caused by one or more attacks of acute rheumatic fever following a streptococcal throat infection. It covers the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of rheumatic heart disease. The pathogenesis involves an autoimmune response triggered by the throat infection that causes inflammation of the heart valves. Diagnosis is based on modified Jones criteria and physical exam may reveal murmurs from valve damage. Rheumatic heart disease remains an important cause of morbidity in developing countries.
Acute rheumatic fever ppt final copy
Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease that affects the heart, joints, skin, and brain. It occurs as a result of a streptococcal throat infection and abnormal immune response in genetically susceptible individuals. The disease is most common in children aged 5-15 years from developing countries. It can lead to long term heart complications such as rheumatic heart disease if untreated. Prevention involves proper treatment of streptococcal infections with antibiotics.
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An acute illness caused by an autoimmune response to infection with group A Streptococcus, leading to a range of possible symptoms and signs affecting any or all of heart, joints, brain, skin and subcutaneous tissues
Rhematic fever
Rheumatic fever is a multisystem disease that results from an autoimmune reaction to a group A streptococcal infection. It usually affects children between 5-15 years of age. The condition is triggered by antibodies produced against streptococcal antigens that cause inflammation in heart tissues. Clinical features include fever, joint pain, and carditis which is inflammation of the heart and occurs in 40-50% of cases. Joints commonly affected include knees, hips and ankles. Treatment involves antibiotics to treat the streptococcal infection, along with NSAIDs, corticosteroids and bed rest.
Acute Rheumatic Fever
Acute rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease that may occur following group A streptococcal throat infection.
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune reaction that can occur following a streptococcal throat infection. It is characterized by inflammation of the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The document discusses the definition, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features including carditis, arthritis, chorea and others, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of rheumatic fever in detail across multiple pages. It provides diagrams and images to illustrate concepts like the structure of group A streptococcus and changes in heart valves that occur in rheumatic heart disease.
Rheumatic fever ppt
Rheumatic fever (acute rheumatic fever) is a disease that can affect the heart, joints, brain, and skin. Rheumatic fever can develop if strep throat and scarlet fever infections are not treated properly. Early diagnosis of these infections and treatment with antibiotics are key to preventing rheumatic fever.
Rheumatic fever (RF) is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain.[1] The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a streptococcal throat infection.[2] Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and occasionally a characteristic non-itchy rash known as erythema marginatum.[1] The heart is involved in about half of the cases.[1] Damage to the heart valves, known as rheumatic heart disease (RHD), usually occurs after repeated attacks but can sometimes occur after one. The damaged valves may result in heart failure, atrial fibrillation and infection of the valves.[1]
Case study- An 11 year old Polynesian male presents with fever up to 39 degrees (102 degrees F), joint pain and swelling, along with shortness of breath. The fever comes and goes at random times of the day. The symptoms have been present now for 4 days.
Acute rheumatic fever in Children
1) Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease that can occur as a delayed complication of untreated Group A streptococcal pharyngitis, with a latent period of 1-3 weeks.
2) It commonly affects children between 5-15 years of age and can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The heart is involved in approximately 50-60% of cases (carditis).
3) Treatment involves bed rest, antibiotics to eradicate streptococci, anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin for arthritis and carditis, corticosteroids for moderate to severe carditis, and long-term antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrences.
Acute rheumatic fever
Acute rheumatic fever is a multisystem disease caused by an autoimmune reaction to a Group A streptococcal infection. It commonly affects children between 5-14 years old in developing countries. Symptoms include migratory polyarthritis, carditis, chorea, and skin manifestations. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and evidence of a preceding streptococcal infection. Treatment involves antibiotics to prevent recurrence and symptom relief. Ongoing antibiotic prophylaxis is also needed long-term to prevent recurrence, especially in those who develop cardiac involvement.
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A detailed approach to ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER,based on Harrison Principles of internal medicine and Braunwald Textbook of Cardiology.Useful for post graduate seminars.
Acute rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that occurs following a streptococcal throat infection. It commonly affects the heart, joints, brain and skin. It is most prevalent in developing countries and accounts for a significant percentage of cardiovascular disease hospital admissions. The disease is caused by an autoimmune response triggered by streptococcal infection. Symptoms vary but may include arthritis, carditis, chorea and skin nodules. Treatment involves antibiotics for streptococcal infection and anti-inflammatory drugs. Recurrence can be prevented through long-term antibiotic prophylaxis. Rheumatic heart disease is a serious complication if carditis damages the heart valves.
acute rheumatic fever
This document discusses the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). It provides an overview of ARF, noting that it is an immune-mediated disease that can affect the heart, joints, skin and blood vessels following a streptococcal infection. The diagnosis of ARF is based on the modified Jones criteria, which requires two major criteria or one major criterion and two minor criteria, plus evidence of a prior streptococcal infection. The major criteria include carditis, polyarthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum, and subcutaneous nodules. The minor criteria include fever, arthralgia, elevated acute-phase reactants, and prolonged PR interval on electrocardiogram. Differential diagnoses are also
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Dengue
- Dengue is a viral illness transmitted by mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. There are four serotypes of dengue virus that cause similar symptoms.
- Prior infection with one serotype increases risk for more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever if exposed to another serotype due to antibody-dependent enhancement.
- Symptoms include high fever, severe joint and muscle pain, and rash. In severe cases there is bleeding, low blood pressure, and organ failure due to leakage of blood from vessels. Management focuses on fever reduction and fluid replacement.
DENGUE.pptx
This document provides information about dengue, including its classification, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Some key points:
- Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the dengue virus. There are four serotypes that can cause illness ranging from mild to severe.
- Symptoms of dengue fever include high fever, severe headache, muscle and joint pains. Warning signs of severe dengue include severe abdominal pain, vomiting, rapid breathing and bleeding.
- Dengue is classified as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome based on symptoms. Diagnosis involves detecting the virus or antibodies in blood tests.
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ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER IN INDIA
RF is an autoimmune response triggered by Group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. The molecular mimicry between antigens on GAS and host tissues can lead to cross-reactive antibodies that attack the heart, joints, brain, and skin, causing inflammation. Repeated episodes can lead to rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The risk is determined by interactions between the GAS virulence factors, host genetic susceptibility, and socioeconomic environment. Countries with comprehensive prevention programs have seen declines in RF, while it remains highly prevalent in developing nations with inadequate access to healthcare.
RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE S...
RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE BY DR BASHIR AHMED DAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR MEDICINE S...Prof Dr Bashir Ahmed Dar
Rheumatic fever Occurs usually after an attack of phyrangitis or sore throat between age group of 5-15years.Male and females are equally affected.Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that occurs as a result of a prior streptococcal infection. It commonly affects children between 5-15 years old. The major systems involved are the heart, joints, skin, and brain. In the heart, it can cause inflammation of the tissues and valves, leading to scarring and deformities over time. On pathology, it is characterized by lesions called Aschoff bodies in the heart muscle. Long term, it can progress to chronic rheumatic heart disease with permanent valve damage and heart failure. Prompt treatment of streptococcal infections can help prevent recurrent cases of rheumatic fever.
Rheumatic fever & acute rheumatic heart disease Rheumatic fever & acute rhe...
Rheumatic fever is caused by an autoimmune response following a Group A streptococcal throat infection. It can affect the heart, joints, brain and skin. Heart involvement occurs in 50% of cases and can lead to permanent valve damage over years. Diagnosis is based on Jones criteria of evidence of prior streptococcal infection and major/minor clinical manifestations. Treatment involves bed rest, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories and secondary prophylaxis with antibiotics to prevent recurrence. Recurrence risks are higher if the initial attack involved heart inflammation. Long term follow up is needed due to risk of developing chronic rheumatic heart disease.
Rheumatic heart disease
Rheumatic heart disease is caused by an autoimmune reaction to strep throat infection. It involves inflammation of the heart valves and can lead to valve damage over time. The mitral and aortic valves are most commonly affected, resulting in stenosis or insufficiency. Symptoms may include fever, joint pain, or heart murmurs. Treatment involves antibiotics to prevent recurrence, along with medications, activity restriction, and possibly valve surgery for severe cases. Nursing care focuses on reducing fever, monitoring the heart for changes, limiting activity, and educating patients and their families.
Rheumatic feve 2018
Rheumatic heart disease is a major health problem in many developing countries. It results from autoimmune reactions triggered by untreated streptococcal throat infections, leading to valvular damage. Genetics play a role in susceptibility. The pathogenesis involves molecular mimicry between antigens in group A streptococcus bacteria and human proteins, which can induce cross-reactive antibody responses and result in autoimmune-mediated damage to heart valves and other tissues. Cytokines and specific immune responses are also involved in the progression of rheumatic heart disease.
Ms mr rhd
This document discusses rheumatic heart disease, which is permanent heart valve damage caused by one or more attacks of acute rheumatic fever following a streptococcal throat infection. It covers the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of rheumatic heart disease. The pathogenesis involves an autoimmune response triggered by the throat infection that causes inflammation of the heart valves. Diagnosis is based on modified Jones criteria and physical exam may reveal murmurs from valve damage. Rheumatic heart disease remains an important cause of morbidity in developing countries.
Acute rheumatic fever ppt final copy
Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease that affects the heart, joints, skin, and brain. It occurs as a result of a streptococcal throat infection and abnormal immune response in genetically susceptible individuals. The disease is most common in children aged 5-15 years from developing countries. It can lead to long term heart complications such as rheumatic heart disease if untreated. Prevention involves proper treatment of streptococcal infections with antibiotics.
Rheumatic fever, RHD, and infective endocarditis
Rheumatic fever, Rheumatic heart disease and Infective endocarditis by: professor Intisar Salim Pity UOD- College of Medicine
Acute rheumatic fever - Dr. Akif Baig
An acute illness caused by an autoimmune response to infection with group A Streptococcus, leading to a range of possible symptoms and signs affecting any or all of heart, joints, brain, skin and subcutaneous tissues
Rhematic fever
Rheumatic fever is a multisystem disease that results from an autoimmune reaction to a group A streptococcal infection. It usually affects children between 5-15 years of age. The condition is triggered by antibodies produced against streptococcal antigens that cause inflammation in heart tissues. Clinical features include fever, joint pain, and carditis which is inflammation of the heart and occurs in 40-50% of cases. Joints commonly affected include knees, hips and ankles. Treatment involves antibiotics to treat the streptococcal infection, along with NSAIDs, corticosteroids and bed rest.
Acute Rheumatic Fever
Acute rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease that may occur following group A streptococcal throat infection.
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune reaction that can occur following a streptococcal throat infection. It is characterized by inflammation of the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The document discusses the definition, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features including carditis, arthritis, chorea and others, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of rheumatic fever in detail across multiple pages. It provides diagrams and images to illustrate concepts like the structure of group A streptococcus and changes in heart valves that occur in rheumatic heart disease.
Rheumatic fever ppt
Rheumatic fever (acute rheumatic fever) is a disease that can affect the heart, joints, brain, and skin. Rheumatic fever can develop if strep throat and scarlet fever infections are not treated properly. Early diagnosis of these infections and treatment with antibiotics are key to preventing rheumatic fever.
Rheumatic fever (RF) is an inflammatory disease that can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain.[1] The disease typically develops two to four weeks after a streptococcal throat infection.[2] Signs and symptoms include fever, multiple painful joints, involuntary muscle movements, and occasionally a characteristic non-itchy rash known as erythema marginatum.[1] The heart is involved in about half of the cases.[1] Damage to the heart valves, known as rheumatic heart disease (RHD), usually occurs after repeated attacks but can sometimes occur after one. The damaged valves may result in heart failure, atrial fibrillation and infection of the valves.[1]
Case study- An 11 year old Polynesian male presents with fever up to 39 degrees (102 degrees F), joint pain and swelling, along with shortness of breath. The fever comes and goes at random times of the day. The symptoms have been present now for 4 days.
Acute rheumatic fever in Children
1) Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease that can occur as a delayed complication of untreated Group A streptococcal pharyngitis, with a latent period of 1-3 weeks.
2) It commonly affects children between 5-15 years of age and can involve the heart, joints, skin, and brain. The heart is involved in approximately 50-60% of cases (carditis).
3) Treatment involves bed rest, antibiotics to eradicate streptococci, anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin for arthritis and carditis, corticosteroids for moderate to severe carditis, and long-term antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent recurrences.
Acute rheumatic fever
Acute rheumatic fever is a multisystem disease caused by an autoimmune reaction to a Group A streptococcal infection. It commonly affects children between 5-14 years old in developing countries. Symptoms include migratory polyarthritis, carditis, chorea, and skin manifestations. Diagnosis is based on clinical features and evidence of a preceding streptococcal infection. Treatment involves antibiotics to prevent recurrence and symptom relief. Ongoing antibiotic prophylaxis is also needed long-term to prevent recurrence, especially in those who develop cardiac involvement.
Acute rheumatic fever-definition,pathophysiology,clinical presentation and ma...
A detailed approach to ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER,based on Harrison Principles of internal medicine and Braunwald Textbook of Cardiology.Useful for post graduate seminars.
Acute rheumatic fever
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that occurs following a streptococcal throat infection. It commonly affects the heart, joints, brain and skin. It is most prevalent in developing countries and accounts for a significant percentage of cardiovascular disease hospital admissions. The disease is caused by an autoimmune response triggered by streptococcal infection. Symptoms vary but may include arthritis, carditis, chorea and skin nodules. Treatment involves antibiotics for streptococcal infection and anti-inflammatory drugs. Recurrence can be prevented through long-term antibiotic prophylaxis. Rheumatic heart disease is a serious complication if carditis damages the heart valves.
acute rheumatic fever
This document discusses the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever (ARF). It provides an overview of ARF, noting that it is an immune-mediated disease that can affect the heart, joints, skin and blood vessels following a streptococcal infection. The diagnosis of ARF is based on the modified Jones criteria, which requires two major criteria or one major criterion and two minor criteria, plus evidence of a prior streptococcal infection. The major criteria include carditis, polyarthritis, chorea, erythema marginatum, and subcutaneous nodules. The minor criteria include fever, arthralgia, elevated acute-phase reactants, and prolonged PR interval on electrocardiogram. Differential diagnoses are also
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Similar to Dengue fever 2019
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne illness that occurs in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It causes high fever and flu-like symptoms. The severe form, dengue hemorrhagic fever, can cause serious bleeding, sudden drop in blood pressure, and even death. Millions of cases occur each year, especially in Southeast Asia, the western Pacific, Latin America, and Africa. There is no specific treatment, but supportive care with fluids and rest is usually sufficient. Prevention focuses on avoiding mosquito bites since mosquitoes transmit the dengue virus.
Dengue
- Dengue is a viral illness transmitted by mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. There are four serotypes of dengue virus that cause similar symptoms.
- Prior infection with one serotype increases risk for more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever if exposed to another serotype due to antibody-dependent enhancement.
- Symptoms include high fever, severe joint and muscle pain, and rash. In severe cases there is bleeding, low blood pressure, and organ failure due to leakage of blood from vessels. Management focuses on fever reduction and fluid replacement.
DENGUE.pptx
This document provides information about dengue, including its classification, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Some key points:
- Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the dengue virus. There are four serotypes that can cause illness ranging from mild to severe.
- Symptoms of dengue fever include high fever, severe headache, muscle and joint pains. Warning signs of severe dengue include severe abdominal pain, vomiting, rapid breathing and bleeding.
- Dengue is classified as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome based on symptoms. Diagnosis involves detecting the virus or antibodies in blood tests.
- Prevention focuses on
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As an intern house officer, I prepared this presentation after I came across a rare case of dengue fever complicated by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Dengue fever itself is a rare disease entity in the UAE, as a developed country; and the presence of such a complication merely added to the complexity of the diagnosis. Therefore, I am delighted to share this lively PowerPoint Presentation about dengue, which was initially supplemented with an interesting case presentation but was removed for confidentiality purposes when sharing the document. I hope you enjoy it!
PS: Use the slideshow button in Microsoft PowerPoint for the best experience.
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Dengue virus is transmitted through the bites of infected Aedes mosquitoes. It can cause a range of illnesses from mild dengue fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Symptoms range from fever, rash and joint pain to bleeding, low blood pressure and death. Diagnosis involves virus detection, antibody testing or assessment of clinical symptoms and exposure history. There is no vaccine for dengue prevention and treatment focuses on rest, fluids and medication for fever or pain.
Dengue Fever
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a severe, potentially deadly infection spread by mosquitoes that causes fever, headaches, joint and muscle pain. It was first reported in the Philippines in 1953 and is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. While there is no vaccine or cure, treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and replenishing fluids intravenously. Prevention emphasizes eliminating mosquito breeding sites and self-protection from bites.
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#Millions of cases of dengue infection occur #worldwide each year. Dengue fever is most common in #Southeast #Asia and the #western #Pacific #islands, but the #disease has been increasing rapidly in #Latin #America and the #Caribbean
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Dengue&dhf information for health care practitioners 2009
Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease with four serotypes. It is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, most commonly Aedes aegypti. While dengue fever causes high fever and joint pain, some patients develop dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which can be fatal without treatment. Diagnosis involves virus isolation, PCR, or serologic testing for IgM antibodies. Treatment focuses on fluid replacement and monitoring for warning signs of severe disease.
Dengue 1
Dengue is caused by the dengue virus, which has four serotypes. It is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, most commonly A. aegypti. Infection typically involves a febrile phase followed by a critical phase where vascular permeability increases, which can lead to hemorrhage and shock. Treatment focuses on fluid replacement to address plasma leakage. Patients are monitored for warning signs and classified as outpatients, inpatients requiring IV fluids, or needing intensive care due to shock or organ impairment from severe dengue.
Dengue with who guidelines
The document provides guidelines on dengue infection, discussing the clinical syndromes of dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever, their diagnosis and classification, management approaches including fluid resuscitation, and treatment of complications. It describes dengue virus and the disease it causes, including its pathophysiology, clinical course, and atypical manifestations. Risk factors, vectors, and the immune response to primary and secondary infections are also covered.
9.dengue seminar
A 5-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with a 3-day history of fever, headache, nausea and sore throat. On examination, she had a high fever and a maculopapular rash on her legs and feet. Additional information indicated the rash began on her arms and legs the same day and she had no recent travel or tick bites. Dengue fever is caused by a virus with four serotypes that cause varying levels of disease from mild dengue fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, characterized by plasma leakage that can lead to shock. Proper fluid management is critical to treatment.
Dengue and chickungunya
Dengue is an arbovirus that infects humans and causes disease ranging from a self-limiting dengue fever to the potentially fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever. It is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and is endemic in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries. There are four dengue virus serotypes. Infection with one serotype provides lifelong immunity to that serotype but only short-term protection against the others. A secondary infection with a different serotype increases the risk of severe dengue. Dengue fever causes high fever, headache, muscle and joint pains. Dengue hemorrhagic fever involves plasma leakage that can lead to life-threatening shock. There are three phases: febrile
Dengue fever
Dengue is one disease entity with different clinical presentations and often with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome.
Dengue fever
A mosquito-borne viral disease occurring in tropical and subtropical areas.
Those who become infected with the virus a second time are at a significantly greater risk of developing severe disease.
Symptoms include high fever, headache, rash and muscle and joint pain. In severe cases there is serious bleeding and shock, which can be life threatening.
Treatment includes fluids and pain relievers. Severe cases require hospital care.
Unusual Manifestations of Dengue Fever
This document describes two cases of unusual manifestations of dengue fever. Case 1 is a 40-year-old man who presented with fever, headache, body aches, and a rash who developed hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, and respiratory distress from dengue hemorrhagic fever. Case 2 is a 24-year-old man who presented with fever and was found to have an intraocular hemorrhage, retinal detachment, ARDS, myocarditis, and hepatitis, also from dengue hemorrhagic fever. The document then reviews atypical neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations that have been reported with dengue infection.
denguefever-160329120436.pptx
Dengue fever is caused by the dengue virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. It causes flu-like symptoms including fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and skin rash. In some cases it can develop into severe dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which can be life-threatening. There is no vaccine, so prevention focuses on reducing mosquito habitats and exposure to bites. Treatment involves oral or intravenous rehydration depending on severity of symptoms.
Dengue fever
Dengue fever is transmitted by the bite of an Aedes mosquito infected with a dengue virus. The mosquito becomes infected when it bites a person with dengue virus in their blood. It can’t be spread directly from one person to another person.In this file you will get to know the signs, symptoms, treatments and prevention technque on the dengue fever. This kind of illness and disease can be treated and cured significantly
Degue fever
Dengue fever is caused by any of four related dengue virus serotypes transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. It manifests as a sudden onset of fever, headache, muscle and joint pains. In some cases it can progress to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, characterized by bleeding, low blood pressure and organ failure. There is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment, so management focuses on relief of symptoms and careful fluid replacement to prevent shock. Prevention relies on controlling mosquito populations and avoiding mosquito bites.
Dengue management
This document provides information on dengue, including its case definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, investigations, management, complications, and treatment. A probable dengue case is defined as an acute febrile illness with two or more symptoms like headache and retro-orbital pain. A confirmed case requires virus isolation or serology testing. Dengue is endemic in over 100 countries and is transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It has four serotypes and causes a spectrum of disease from mild fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Management involves fluid management and supportive care. There is currently no approved vaccine for dengue.
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A young man presented with a swollen uvula (which he called a "swollen dingle dangle") after smoking marijuana for the first time the night before. Uvular edema, also known as Quinke's edema, can be caused by conditions like hereditary angioedema, allergic reactions, infections, medications/drugs like NSAIDs and ACE inhibitors, trauma, and smoking. While cannabis is a listed cause, it is likely due to thermal injury from the high burning temperature rather than genuine allergy in this case. Treatment would depend on the suspected cause but may include antibiotics for infection or anaphylaxis medication for allergic reaction.
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A 75-year-old woman fell and landed on her outstretched right hand, causing swelling and tenderness in her wrist. An x-ray revealed a Barton's fracture of the distal radius, where the fracture line runs horizontally through the joint on an AP view and vertically on a lateral view. The fracture fragment was displaced proximally on the volar surface, indicating joint instability. Most patients with this intra-articular fracture requiring open reduction and internal fixation to regain stability and reduce arthritis risk, even if conservative treatment is considered for an older patient.
Coining therapy
A 54-year-old woman presents with fever, shortness of breath, and chest pain. On examination, linear bruises are seen on her back consistent with a folk remedy called "coining" used to relieve symptoms. While coining may provide partial relief, the presenting symptoms could indicate serious underlying medical conditions like pneumonia or pulmonary embolism that require diagnosis and treatment. The patient's care should involve pursuing these potential diagnoses through further evaluation rather than focusing on the folk remedy.
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A 67-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a swollen right hand after being bitten by his cat three days prior. The clinical photo and ultrasound showed spreading cellulitis and abscess formation in the area of maximal redness and swelling. Cat bites carry a high risk of infection from Pasteurella species, particularly involving nearby tendons and joints. The man should be admitted and started on intravenous antibiotics, and his abscess should be opened, cleaned, and debrided in surgery.
Acetabular fracture
A 65-year old man crashed his bike into a group of cyclists and fell to the ground complaining of right hip pain. An x-ray showed he had a comminuted fracture of the right acetabulum with medial displacement of fragments. A CT scan was recommended to further characterize the injury and inform surgical planning. His treatment options included closed reduction, open reduction, or an acute acetabular prosthesis given the displacement.
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A 79-year-old man was brought to the emergency department after being found collapsed at home. He has a history of diabetes, hypertension, a stroke with residual weakness, and depression. His ECG shows slow atrial fibrillation and Osborne waves, consistent with a body temperature of 29.5°C, indicating moderate to severe hypothermia. Hypothermia is often caused by an underlying condition that leaves the patient unable to rewarm themselves, such as trauma, neurological issues, drugs, endocrine problems, or infection. Treatment focuses on rewarming with a forced air blanket and providing glucose to generate heat.
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The image shows bruising over the mastoid process, indicating a fracture of the base of the skull from the fall. Important symptoms and signs to identify those at higher risk of brain injury include dangerous mechanisms, decreased consciousness, repeated vomiting, and signs of skull fractures. This child needs a low-dose head CT scan after transfer to a pediatric trauma center given the loss of consciousness and signs of a skull fracture. Ongoing management will involve evaluating for risks of significant brain injury or need for neurosurgery.
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A 37-year old man injured his right ankle after stepping in a pothole while jogging. His ankle appears deformed with the foot displaced laterally and posteriorly. The skin over the lower tibia also appears stretched and pale. This clinical presentation is most consistent with a fracture dislocation at the ankle joint. The priorities are to provide analgesia, reduce the injury in the emergency department to preserve skin integrity, and obtain an x-ray for orthopedic guidance before definitive repair. Initial analgesia could include nitrous oxide and narcotics, with additional sedation like propofol or ketamine if needed despite his fasting status.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy 2019
A 68-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. Tests showed elevated troponin and ECG changes suggestive of a heart attack. A ventriculogram revealed ballooning of the left ventricular apex, consistent with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Takotsubo is a stress-induced heart condition where the heart enlarges at the apex. It is thought to be caused by high catecholamine levels due to life stress. While initial symptoms mimic a heart attack, prognosis is generally good with typical recovery and low mortality around 1-3%.
Posterior shoulder dislocation 2019
The x-ray shows a posterior dislocation of the footballer's right shoulder. Key signs on the x-ray include a symmetrical "light bulb" shaped humeral head and widening of the gleno-humeral joint space. There is also likely a fracture fragment at the inferior rim of the glenoid. The injury should be managed by reducing the dislocation under procedural sedation using traction, abduction, and external rotation, known as the Milch method.
Hyperacute ami ecg 2019
The ECG shows changes suggestive of acute myocardial ischemia, including tall, peaked T waves in leads V2-V4 and possible ST elevation in leads V1 and III. The most important interventions are to give aspirin, heparin, and regular ECGs looking for ST elevation. The man likely needs urgent coronary angiography if ST elevation appears, or angiography soon otherwise, to treat his acute coronary syndrome.
Jefferson fracture xr and ct 2019
A 32-year-old man presented with severe neck pain after being dumped in heavy surf. An x-ray showed a burst fracture of the atlas (C1 vertebra), known as a Jefferson fracture, with fracture lines running vertically through the anterior and posterior arches. Jefferson fractures are caused by an axial load from above, such as falling on the head from height. Although many patients have no neurological deficits, this patient will require immobilization through prolonged use of a cervical collar as treatment, as confirmed by a subsequent CT scan.
Renal trauma ct 2019
A 27-year-old construction worker fell 3 meters and is complaining of abdominal and back pain. A urine test showed blood and his vitals suggest compensated shock. A CT scan revealed a grade 5 injury to the left kidney with shattered architecture, hematoma, and contrast extravasation, indicating active bleeding. The patient has a high chance of requiring a nephrectomy and needs urgent surgical referral. He requires controlled hypotensive resuscitation with sufficient fluids to maintain perfusion but not return to normal blood pressure, as over-resuscitation could worsen bleeding.
Raccoon eyes 2019
A 38-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a headache and nausea after being involved in a bar room brawl while intoxicated the previous night. On examination, he has bilateral bruising around his eyes known as "raccoon eyes" or "panda eyes", which is strongly suggestive of a base of skull fracture given his history of trauma. He will need a head CT scan to further characterize any skull fracture and assess for other significant injuries such as intracranial hemorrhage. He may require neurosurgical consultation and hospitalization for symptom management and monitoring.
Laryngeal injury 2019
A 13-year-old boy was injured after crashing a quad bike into a rope stretched across the track. While he was able to get up and walk away with only a sore neck, the doctor is concerned about potential injuries to his airway, cervical spine, or arteries in his neck. A CT scan and CT angiography are recommended to check for injuries to his larynx or fractures as well as tears or dissections of his carotid or vertebral arteries since his mechanism of injury carries risks of damage to these structures.
Dengue fever 2019
A 22-year old man recently returned from Timor with a fever, headache, body aches and pains, and now a rash. Given his symptoms and travel history, the most likely diagnosis is dengue fever. Blood tests should be performed to check for malaria, as well as a full blood exam, electrolytes, liver and kidney function. While dengue can often be managed as an outpatient, this patient should stay for observation and treatment of symptoms like fever and pain with paracetamol and fluids.
Bifasicular block ecg 2019
A 77-year-old woman presented to the emergency department after losing consciousness at church for about 30 seconds. Her ECG showed signs of a bifascicular block indicating issues with the right and left bundles of the heart's conduction system. Due to her unprovoked loss of consciousness and abnormal ECG, she is at risk of having another episode of complete heart block and should be admitted for monitoring. She may ultimately require a permanent pacemaker given the conduction abnormalities shown on her ECG in the absence of a reversible cause.
Benign bone cyst 7yo xray 2019
A 7-year-old boy complained of thigh pain after jumping from play equipment. An x-ray showed a lucency in his proximal right femur that appears to be a benign bone cyst. As he presented after injury, further investigation with MRI is recommended to check for possible micro-fractures. Treatment options include observation with activity limitation or potential surgery, as cysts sometimes resolve on their own but fracture could require healing.
Pupura fulminans 2019
A 6 month old child presented with fever, poor feeding, and drowsiness. Upon removing the child's sock, their foot appeared severely damaged, which is indicative of severe meningococcal sepsis or purpura fulminans. Treatment in the emergency department should include prompt intravenous access, urgent antibiotics like ceftriaxone, fluid boluses, and expedited transfer to the pediatric ICU. While survival is possible with intensive care, long-term complications such as renal failure and loss of limbs are common with this high-risk condition.
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- 1. A 22 year old man has just returned from a surfing trip to Timor. While away he developed a fever, awful headache and generalised but severe aches and pains. The fever settled for a day or two but has now returned and he has developed a rash. The aches and pains continue unabated. He feels miserable. •Given the history and clinical photograph what is the most likely diagnosis ? •What investigations should be performed in the ED ? •How should this patient be managed ?
- 3. The most likely diagnosis is dengue, colloquially known (because of the major symptoms) as “backbreak fever”. This is caused by a mosquito borne flavivirus endemic in tropical regions and returned travellers suffering from it regularly present to healthcare practitioners in Australia. Typical symptoms are fever, headache, intense muscle & bone pain and a maculopapular or measles like rash obvious on the trunk. A diagnosis of dengue can be made on clinical grounds, however fever in a returned traveller who has been to a malaria endemic area (such as Timor) would mandate taking blood for malaria smears. This patient should also have blood taken for an FBE & U&E/LFTs. A lowish WCC and mild thrombocytopaenia are common in dengue. The uncommon (in travellers) severe form of dengue known as dengue haemorrhagic fever will show more marked FBE changes and clotting abnormalities as well as other clinical signs of severe illness. In this patient also take blood for serology so that later convalescent specimens can show rising antibody titres to confirm dengue or other viral diagnoses. Most cases of dengue can be managed as an outpatient or in a short stay ward. The treatment is symptomatic with regular paracetamol (not NSAIDs) & fluids. Severe cases need admission under an ID physician.