Defuzzification is the process of producing a quantifiable result in Crisp logic, given fuzzy sets and corresponding membership degrees. It is the process that maps a fuzzy set to a crisp set. It is typically needed in fuzzy control systems.
How can you deal with Fuzzy Logic. Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic; it deals with reasoning that is approximate rather than fixed and exact. In contrast with traditional logic theory, where binary sets have two-valued logic: true or false, fuzzy logic variables may have a truth value that ranges in degree
between 0 and 1
How can you deal with Fuzzy Logic. Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic; it deals with reasoning that is approximate rather than fixed and exact. In contrast with traditional logic theory, where binary sets have two-valued logic: true or false, fuzzy logic variables may have a truth value that ranges in degree
between 0 and 1
Part of Lecture series on EE646, Fuzzy Theory & Applications delivered by me during First Semester of M.Tech. Instrumentation & Control, 2012
Z H College of Engg. & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Reference Books:
1. T. J. Ross, "Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications", 2/e, John Wiley & Sons,England, 2004.
2. Lee, K. H., "First Course on Fuzzy Theory & Applications", Springer-Verlag,Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.
3. D. Driankov, H. Hellendoorn, M. Reinfrank, "An Introduction to Fuzzy Control", Narosa, 2012.
Please comment and feel free to ask anything related. Thanks!
Part of Lecture series on EE646, Fuzzy Theory & Applications delivered by me during First Semester of M.Tech. Instrumentation & Control, 2012
Z H College of Engg. & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Reference Books:
1. T. J. Ross, "Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications", 2/e, John Wiley & Sons,England, 2004.
2. Lee, K. H., "First Course on Fuzzy Theory & Applications", Springer-Verlag,Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.
3. D. Driankov, H. Hellendoorn, M. Reinfrank, "An Introduction to Fuzzy Control", Narosa, 2012.
Please comment and feel free to ask anything related. Thanks!
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Part of Lecture series on EE646, Fuzzy Theory & Applications delivered by me during First Semester of M.Tech. Instrumentation & Control, 2012
Z H College of Engg. & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Reference Books:
1. T. J. Ross, "Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications", 2/e, John Wiley & Sons,England, 2004.
2. Lee, K. H., "First Course on Fuzzy Theory & Applications", Springer-Verlag,Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.
3. D. Driankov, H. Hellendoorn, M. Reinfrank, "An Introduction to Fuzzy Control", Narosa, 2012.
Please comment and feel free to ask anything related. Thanks!
Part of Lecture series on EE646, Fuzzy Theory & Applications delivered by me during First Semester of M.Tech. Instrumentation & Control, 2012
Z H College of Engg. & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Reference Books:
1. T. J. Ross, "Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications", 2/e, John Wiley & Sons,England, 2004.
2. Lee, K. H., "First Course on Fuzzy Theory & Applications", Springer-Verlag,Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.
3. D. Driankov, H. Hellendoorn, M. Reinfrank, "An Introduction to Fuzzy Control", Narosa, 2012.
Please comment and feel free to ask anything related. Thanks!
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
PR-445: Token Merging: Your ViT But FasterSunghoon Joo
#PR12 season 5 [PR-455] Token Merging: Your ViT But Faster
This slide is a review of the paper "Token Merging: Your ViT But Faster"
Reviewed by Sunghoon Joo
Paper link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.09461
Youtube link: https://youtu.be/6nBYpM_ch0s
OPTIMIZATION OF HEURISTIC ALGORITHMS FOR IMPROVING BER OF ADAPTIVE TURBO CODESIAEME Publication
The third component introduced in the turbo codes improved the code
performance by providing very low error rates for a very wide range of block lengths
and coding rates. But this increased the complexity and the parameters such as
permeability and permittivity rates were constant and they could not perform well
under noisy environments. This drawback was addressed in [1] by proposing A3DTC.
The bit error rate was minimized by generating parameters based on noise and
signal strengths. A performance comparison is done between the two heuristic
algorithms i.e., Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm [2]
where a knowledge source using the two algorithms is generated. Under various noisy
environments the experimental results compare the performance of the two
algorithms. In this paper their performance is analyzed and optimization is done. The
results show that genetic algorithm is able to give better performance when compared
to particle swarm optimization algorithm.
OPTIMIZATION OF HEURISTIC ALGORITHMS FOR IMPROVING BER OF ADAPTIVE TURBO CODESIAEME Publication
The third component introduced in the turbo codes improved the code
performance by providing very low error rates for a very wide range of block lengths
and coding rates. But this increased the complexity and the parameters such as
permeability and permittivity rates were constant and they could not perform well
under noisy environments. This drawback was addressed in [1] by proposing A3DTC.
The bit error rate was minimized by generating parameters based on noise and
signal strengths. A performance comparison is done between the two heuristic
algorithms i.e., Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm [2]
where a knowledge source using the two algorithms is generated. Under various noisy
environments the experimental results compare the performance of the two
algorithms. In this paper their performance is analyzed and optimization is done. The
results show that genetic algorithm is able to give better performance when compared
to particle swarm optimization algorithm
Comparative study to realize an automatic speaker recognition system IJECEIAES
In this research, we present an automatic speaker recognition system based on adaptive orthogonal transformations. To obtain the informative features with a minimum dimension from the input signals, we created an adaptive operator, which helped to identify the speaker’s voice in a fast and efficient manner. We test the efficiency and the performance of our method by comparing it with another approach, mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs), which is widely used by researchers as their feature extraction method. The experimental results show the importance of creating the adaptive operator, which gives added value to the proposed approach. The performance of the system achieved 96.8% accuracy using Fourier transform as a compression method and 98.1% using Correlation as a compression method.
DSR Routing Decisions for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks using Fuzzy Inference Systemcscpconf
Mobile ad-hoc network technology has gained popularity in recent years by researchers on account of its flexibility, low cost and ease of deployment. The objective of this paper is to model the behavior of MANET for DSR protocol by considering some prominent routing metrics.These metrics ( packet delivery fraction, normalized routing load , average end- to- end delayetc.) have been generated by Network Simulator NS 2.34 tools and the node movement has beengenerated using Bonmotion 1.4.The MANET behavior for DSR protocol is hypothesized to be dependent on fuzzy variables like node density, pause time , number of packets transferred , and the number of connection. In this paper the behavior of MANET is modeled using Fuzzy Inference System for DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) protocol , Fuzzy Inference System offers a natural way of representing and reasoning the problems with uncertainty and imprecision. Fuzzy logic is found to be a suitable way in the mobile ad hoc network routing decision. A Fuzzy inference system is implemented on MATLAB 7.0 and the model is found to be satisfactory with the fuzzy input metrics and de fuzzified output metrics .
Using particle swarm optimization to solve test functions problemsriyaniaes
In this paper the benchmarking functions are used to evaluate and check the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. However, the functions utilized have two dimension but they selected with different difficulty and with different models. In order to prove capability of PSO, it is compared with genetic algorithm (GA). Hence, the two algorithms are compared in terms of objective functions and the standard deviation. Different runs have been taken to get convincing results and the parameters are chosen properly where the Matlab software is used. Where the suggested algorithm can solve different engineering problems with different dimension and outperform the others in term of accuracy and speed of convergence.
A PSO-Based Subtractive Data Clustering AlgorithmIJORCS
There is a tremendous proliferation in the amount of information available on the largest shared information source, the World Wide Web. Fast and high-quality clustering algorithms play an important role in helping users to effectively navigate, summarize, and organize the information. Recent studies have shown that partitional clustering algorithms such as the k-means algorithm are the most popular algorithms for clustering large datasets. The major problem with partitional clustering algorithms is that they are sensitive to the selection of the initial partitions and are prone to premature converge to local optima. Subtractive clustering is a fast, one-pass algorithm for estimating the number of clusters and cluster centers for any given set of data. The cluster estimates can be used to initialize iterative optimization-based clustering methods and model identification methods. In this paper, we present a hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization, Subtractive + (PSO) clustering algorithm that performs fast clustering. For comparison purpose, we applied the Subtractive + (PSO) clustering algorithm, PSO, and the Subtractive clustering algorithms on three different datasets. The results illustrate that the Subtractive + (PSO) clustering algorithm can generate the most compact clustering results as compared to other algorithms.
Biogeography Based Optimization (BBO) is a new evolutionary algorithm for global optimization that was introduced in
2008. BBO is an application of biogeography to evolutionary algorithms. Biogeography is the study of the distribution of biodiversity
over space and time. It aims to analyze where organisms live, and in what abundance. BBO has certain features in common with other population-based optimization methods. Like GA and PSO, BBO can share information between solutions. This makes BBO applicable to many of the same types of problems that GA and PSO are used for, including unimodal, multimodal and deceptive functions. This paper explains the methodology of application of BBO algorithm for the constrained task scheduling problems.
Hybrid method for achieving Pareto front on economic emission dispatch IJECEIAES
In this paper hybrid method, Modified Nondominated Sorted Genetic Algorithm (MNSGA-II) and Modified Population Variant Differential Evolution(MPVDE) have been placed in effect in achieving the best optimal solution of Multiobjective economic emission load dispatch optimization problem. In this technique latter, one is used to enforce the assigned percent of the population and the remaining with the former one. To overcome the premature convergence in an optimization problem diversity preserving operator is employed, from the tradeoff curve the best optimal solution is predicted using fuzzy set theory. This methodology validated on IEEE 30 bus test system with six generators, IEEE 118 bus test system with fourteen generators and with a forty generators test system. The solutions are dissimilitude with the existing metaheuristic methods like Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm-II, Multiobjective differential evolution, Multiobjective Particle Swarm optimization, Fuzzy clustering particle swarm optimization, Nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II.
Signature PSO: A novel inertia weight adjustment using fuzzy signature for LQ...journalBEEI
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an optimization algorithm that is simple and reliable to complete optimization. The balance between exploration and exploitation of PSO searching characteristics is maintained by inertia weight. Since this parameter has been introduced, there have been several different strategies to determine the inertia weight during a train of the run. This paper describes the method of adjusting the inertia weights using fuzzy signatures called signature PSO. Some parameters were used as a fuzzy signature variable to represent the particle situation in a run. The implementation to solve the tuning problem of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control parameters is also presented in this paper. Another weight adjustment strategy is also used as a comparison in performance evaluation using an integral time absolute error (ITAE). Experimental results show that signature PSO was able to give a good approximation to the optimum control parameters of LQR in this case.
Fuzzy expert system based optimal capacitor allocation in distribution system-2IAEME Publication
One of the most popular image denoising methods based on self-similarity is called nonlocal
means (NLM). Though it can achieve remarkable performance, this method has a few shortcomings,
e.g., the computationally expensive calculation of the similarity measure, and the lack of reliable
candidates for some non repetitive patches. In this paper, we propose to improve NLM by integrating
Gaussian blur, clustering, and row image weighted averaging into the NLM framework.
Experimental results show that the proposed technique can perform denoising better than the original
NLM both quantitatively and visually, especially when the noise level is high.
This presentation presents for the following purposes
1: It covers the chapter of Research Problem formulation in the subject Research methodology
2: Defining the research problem
3: Significance of the research problem
4: Necessity of the research problem
5: How to find out the research problem
6: Why research problem is very important
7: How a bad formulation of the research problem affects the project or research study
This presentation helps to the students how to write the Thesis or Project report. The presentation can be taken as a general tips or guidelines for the students to write their report in a technical and better way for the readers and for the visibility of their work. It covers all the standard procedure to write a technical research article, paper and Thesis
This slides are the Ph.D. work presentation on Active Power Filter design and implementation for harmonic elimination in micro-grid and electric vehicle
This is Ph.D. Thesis. The title reflects the work. Topologies and Controls for Optimal Energy Bifurcation in AC, DC, and Hybrid Microgrid. It will help to all the researchers work in this field
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
1. Defuzzification
Course: Computational Intelligence Engineering (Soft Computing)
Prof. (Dr.) Pravat Kumar Rout
Department of EEE, ITER,
Siksha ‘O’Anusandhan (Deemed to be University),
Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
1
2. Fuzzy rule based systems evaluate linguistic if-then rules using fuzzification,
inference and composition procedures. They produce fuzzy results which
usually have to be converted into crisp output. To transform the fuzzy results
in to crisp, defuzzification is performed.
Defuzzification is the process of converting a fuzzified output into a single
crisp value with respect to a fuzzy set.
The defuzzified value in FLC (Fuzzy Logic Controller) represents the action to be
taken in controlling the process.
2 Defuzzification Methods
12. Different Defuzzification Methods
The following are the known methods of defuzzification.
Center of Sums Method (COS)
Center of gravity (COG) / Centroid of Area (COA) Method
Center of Area / Bisector of Area Method (BOA)
Weighted Average Method
Maxima Methods
o First of Maxima Method (FOM)
o Last of Maxima Method (LOM)
o Mean of Maxima Method (MOM)
12
19. Center of gravity (COG) / Centroid of Area
(COA) Method
This method provides a crisp value based on the center of gravity of the fuzzy
set.
The total area of the membership function distribution used to represent the
combined control action is divided into a number of sub-areas.
The area and the center of gravity or centroid of each sub-area is calculated
and then the summation of all these sub-areas is taken to find the defuzzified
value for a discrete fuzzy set.
19
33. Weighted Average Method
This method is valid for fuzzy sets with
symmetrical output membership functions
and produces results very close to the COA
method. This method is less computationally
intensive. Each membership function is
weighted by its maximum membership
value. The defuzzified value is defined as :
33
37. Maxima Methods
This method considers values with maximum membership. There are different
maxima methods with different conflict resolution strategies for multiple maxima.
o First of Maxima Method (FOM)
o Last of Maxima Method (LOM)
o Mean of Maxima Method (MOM)
37