This presentation talks about the existing power scenario in India. It gives a statistical idea on the distribution of energy across India, and thus predicts India's future energy demands.

1. -- Aneeshan Sain

2.  The first demonstration of electric light in Calcutta was conducted in
24th July 1879.
 The first hydroelectric installation in India was installed near a tea
estate at Sidrapong for the Darjeeling Municipality in 1897.
 The first hydroelectric power station in Jammu and Kashmir was
established at Mohra in Baramulla by Maharaja Pratap Singh in
1905.
 Company (B.E.S.T.) set up a generating station in 1905 to provide
electricity for the tramway.
 The first electric train ran between Bombay’s Victoria Terminus and
Kurla along the Harbour Line.

3. Sidrapong Hydel Power Station
[November 10, 1897 ] At the
foot-hills of Arya Tea Estate;
Altitude : 3600 ft
The first electric train
in India (circa 1925):
the beginning of dc
traction in India.

4. Hussain Sagar Thermal Power
Station in Hyderabad city
[1920]
Capacity : 22.5 MW
Tarapur Atomic Power
Station [1963]
Total capacity : 1400 MW

5. • The power generation profile in the
country had a massive growth from
1713 MW in December, 1950 in utilities
to 228,721.7 MW at the end of
September, 2013.
• In terms of fuel, coal-fired plants
account for 59% of India’s installed
electricity capacity, compared to South
Africa’s 92%; China’s 77%; and
Australia’s 76%. Renewal hydropower
accounts for 17%, renewable energy
for 12% and natural gas for about 9%.
• As of end November 2014
the electricity sector in India had an
installed capacity of 255.012 GW and
generated around 703.1 BU for the
period April - November 2014.

6. The energy sources can be classified
as follows :
 Conventional Sources :
1. Thermal power
2. Hydro power
3. Nuclear power
 Non- Conventional Sources :
1. Solar power
2. Wind power
3. Biomass power
4. Geothermal energy
5. Tidal wave energy

8.  Super Thermal Power
Station , Rajasthan

9. • India’s electricity sector consumes about 80% of the coal produced in the country. A large
part of Indian coal reserve is similar to Gondwana coal.
• On average, the Indian power plants consume about 0.7 kg of coal to generate a kWh,
whereas United States thermal power plants consume about 0.45 kg of coal per kWh
• The installed capacity of Thermal Power in India, as of June 30, 2011, was 115649.48 MW
which is 65.34% of total installed capacity.
• Current installed base of Coal Based Thermal Power is 96,743.38 MW which comes to
54.66% of total installed base.
• Current installed base of Gas Based Thermal Power is 17,706.35 MW which is 10.00% of
total installed capacity.
• Current installed base of Oil Based Thermal Power is 1,199.75 MW which is 0.67% of total
installed capacity.
• The state of Maharashtra is the largest producer of thermal power in the country.
• INDIA LACKS THE GOOD CALORIFIC VALUE COAL AND IMPORTS 30% demand from
INDONESIA.
• Vindhyachal is the largest thermal power plant in India with capacity of 3260 MW.

10. Thermal Power
Plants in India

11.  BARC

12. • India had 4.8 GW of installed electricity generation capacity using nuclear fuels.
• India’s Nuclear plants generated 32455 million units or 3.75% of total electricity
produced in India.
• India’s nuclear power plant development began in 1964 by commissioning of two
boiling water reactors at Tarapur.

13. Planned Nuclear
Power Plants in India

14. Nagarjuna Sagar Dam

15. • India is one of the pioneering countries in establishing hydro-
electric power plants. The power plants at Darjeeling and
Shimsha (Shivanasamudra) were established in 1898 and 1902
respectively and are among the first in Asia.
• India is endowed with economically exploitable and viable
hydro potential assessed to be about 84,000 MW at 60% load
factor. In addition, 6,780 MW in terms of installed capacity
from Small, Mini, and Micro Hydel schemes have been
assessed. used form of renewable energy.
• India is blessed with immense amount of hydro-electric
potential and ranks 5th in terms of exploitable hydro-
potential on global scenario.

16. Major Hydro Power
Plants in India

17. The resources which are yet
in the process of
development over the
past few years. It includes
solar, wind, tidal, biogas,
and biomass, geothermal.
• About 16% of global
energy comes from
renewable resources.
• 10% of all energy from
traditional biomass.
• 3% - others.
• India ranks the 6th in the
world in renewable
resources, China being at
the top.

18. • India is bestowed with solar radiation ranging from 4 to 7
kWh/square meter/day across the country, with western and
southern regions having higher solar incidence.
• The first Indian solar thermal power project (50MW) is in progress
in Phalodi Rajasthan.
• Land acquisition is a challenge to solar farm projects in India.
• McKinsey & Company, in its survey ended in May 2009, has stated
that India has one of the world's highest solar intensities with an
annual solar energy yield of 1,700 to 1,900 kilowatt hours per
kilowatt peak (kWh/KWp) of the installed capacity.
• Recently commissioned by NTPC, the 50MW solar power plant in
Rajgarh would suply electricity to about 90,000 households a year.
Its solar power generation capacity in NTPC stands at 95MW.

19. • India has the fifth largest installed wind power
capacity in the world.
• The largest wind power generating state was
TAMIL NADU accounting for 30% of installed
capacity, followed in decreasing order by
Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, and Rajasthan.
• The state of Gujarat is estimated to have the
maximum gross wind power potential in India,
with a potential of 10.6 GW.
Windfarms in Thar, Rajasthan

20. • India’s geothermal energy installed capacity is experimental.
Commercial use is insignificant.
• India has about 340 hot springs spread over the country. Of this, 62
are distributed along the northwest Himalaya, in the States of Jammu
and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
• Andaman and Nicobar arc is the only place in India where volcanic
activity geo-thermal energy is present.
• India plans to set up its first geothermal power plant, with 2–5 MW
capacity at Puga in ladakh.

21. • The Gulf of Khambhat and the Gulf of Kutch on India’s west
coast where the maximum tidal range is 11 m and 8 m with
average tidal range of 6.77 m and 5.23 m respectively is
sufficient.
• Barrage technology could harvest about 8 GW from tidal
energy in India, mostly in Gujarat.
• Potential along the Indian coast is between 5 MW to 15 MW
per meter, suggesting a theoretical maximum potential for
electricity harvesting from India’s 7500 kilometer coast line
may be about 40 GW.

22. • In2011,Indiastartedanewinitiativewiththeaimtodemonstratemediumsize
mixedfeedbiogas-fertilizerpilotplants.Thistechnologyaimsforgeneration,
purification/enrichment,bottlingandpipeddistributionofbiogas.
• Indiahasadditionallycommissioned158projectsunderitsBiogasbased
Distributed/GridPowerGenerationprogramme,withatotalinstalledcapacityof
about2MW.
• Indiaisrichinbiomassandhasapotentialof16,881MW(agro-residuesand
plantations),5000MW(bagassecogeneration)and2700MW(energyrecovery
fromwaste).
• BiomasspowergenerationinIndiaisanindustrythatattractsinvestmentsofover
INR600croreseveryyear,generatingmorethan5000millionunitsofelectricity
andyearlyemploymentofmorethan10millionman-daysintheRURALareas.

23. • INDIA is an energy deficient state, with almost 400 million people
without electricity which equals the combined population of USA and
Germany.
• Total distribution and transmission loss accounts for 23% in INDIA.
• In DELHI losses are as high as 50%.
• Equal investment as to generation can reduce transmission and
distribution losses.
• The density of distribution is not equal Thus, to overcome this
problem an interconnected grid system is used so that on the basis
of demand ,supply could be managed and easily delivered to areas
far away from generating units.

26. • India has a vast potential to be the energy surplus state due to its
abundant resources and easy availability, but it needs to cut its power
losses and control over population which leads to overburden on its
production.
• India has the reputation of having the highest distribution losses in the
world with a figure of nearly 47%, ranking above Burma with 36 %
losses and Bangladesh at 33 %.
REMEDY
• To implement strict anti-pilferage acts.
• To use smart grids .
• Good power factor{quality}, so as not to use transformers excessively.
• Avoid largely subsidized power distribution for political gimmicks.
• Improve power implementation policies.
• Encouraging non-conventional power both for public and government use.
• Strict use of power rated devices.
• Green carbon rated buildings and large scale use to be encouraged.
• Use of prepaid power meters and other energy saving devices.