This document discusses hybrid wind-solar power systems. It begins by introducing solar and wind energy individually, including their advantages such as being renewable and clean sources of energy, as well as some disadvantages like unpredictability and high upfront costs. It then describes a hybrid system that combines both solar panels and wind turbines to generate electricity, along with other components like batteries, controllers, and inverters. The document presents a case study of a hybrid system installed in India and finds it generated over 6,000 kWh annually with only 6.66% variation from predictions. In conclusion, hybrid systems are found to perform better than individual wind or solar systems due to their complementary nature.

1. A
PAPER ON

2. INDEX
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•
•
•
•
•
•
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INTRODUCTION.
SOLAR ENERGY.
WIND ENERGY.
HYBRID SYSTEM (WIND-SOLAR).
FEATURES OF HYBRID SYSTEM.
CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.

3. INTRODUCTION
• Today, the world is progressing at quite a fast rate with the use
of the conventional sources of energy. The two major
disadvantages of using them are the environmental pollution
created by its use and its limited quantity. On the other hand
the Non-conventional sources of energy are available in plenty,
free of cost and pollution free. So it’s the time to think for
switching on to the Non-conventional sources and restrict the
use of conventional sources of energy
• Many types of clean and renewable energy sources can be
used in the production of electrical energy.

4. •
These include solar energy, wind
energy, wave energy,
hydroelectricity, biomass energy,
energy from wastes, tidal power,
and geothermal energy.
•
All of these energy sources have
environmental benefits over the
use of fossil fuels.
•
Our paper deals with the Energy
conservation Technique which is a
combination of two Nonconventional sources of energy,
i.e. Solar and Wind Energy.

5. SOLAR ENERGY
• Four-fifths of the sun’s energy falls
on the oceans and drives the water
cycle. Evaporation from the sea
causes rain to fall on the land,
resulting in the global hydropower
resource. The remaining fifth of the
sun’s energy falls on the land and is
still about 2,000 times greater than
total world energy demand.
• The three main technologies that
have been developed to capture this
energy are Passive Solar, Solar
Thermal, and Photovoltaic modules.

6. SOLAR ENERGY
(DISADVANTAGES)
Apart from its advantages few Disadvantages are as follows:• Solar power is not always completely predictable because it depends on the
amount of sunlight that reaches the Earth at any given time. This precludes
solar power generation during the night when sunlight does not reach the
part of the Earth in which the cell is located and limits solar power
generation when cloud cover scatters portions of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
•
Some forms of solar power are not currently cost competitive. A
Photovoltaic power station is expensive to build, about 10% efficient, and the
energy payback time is large of the order of five years.

7. WIND ENERGY
• The uneven heating of the earth’s
surface by the sun causes wind. This
heat is absorbed by the ground or water
and is then transferred into the air,
causing differences in air temperature,
density and pressure. These differences
then create forces that push the air
around. Like the water that flows in the
river.
• The wind contains energy that can be
converted into electricity using wind
turbines. Currently, more than 20,000
wind turbines are used for generating
electricity around the world.
• Wind power projects can also be very
stimulating for local economics.

8. WIND ENERGY
(DISADVANTAGES)
As Solar Energy Wind Energy too has some Disadvantages.
• Wind power is irregular in many locations, because consistent
wind is needed to ensure continuous power generation
• Commercial generation requires a wind farm over large areas
having an effect on scenery
• The effect of large scale wind farms on the climate is unknown.
Thus to overcome from the disadvantages of these energy
techniques we should combine these two techniques and By
this we can achieve more efficient and environment friendly
energy source throughout year.

9. HYBRID SYSTEM
(HSWPS)
• Hybrid Systems - Utility Connected with Battery Backup. A combination of
the above systems, these applications have the advantages of both. They
are connected to the utility grid in case the weather is insufficient for the
solar or wind system, but they also have batteries to store electricity in case
the utility grid goes down as well. The design and installation of these
systems is more complicated and expensive, but they are the most effective
in providing constant, reliable electricity.
• The System Include
PV Array
Wind Turbine
Aero-Wind Generator Solar Controller
Wind Controller
Battery Bank
Inverter
Loads
Schematic Diagram

10. HYBRID SYSTEM
(HSWPS)
PV Array:A number of PV panels connected in
series and/or in parallel giving a DC
output out of the incident irradiance.
Orientation and tilt of these panels are
important design parameters, as well
as
shading
from
surrounding
obstructions.
Wind Turbine:Which is installed on top of a tall
tower, collects kinetic energy from the
wind and converts it to electricity that is
compatible with a home’s electrical
system.

11. HYBRID SYSTEM
(HSWPS)
Aero-Wind Generator:This is one of the main components in
this system and converts kinetic energy
of wind into electrical energy in the
wind into mechanical energy. An
electric generator is coupled to the
propeller shaft directly, this propeller in
turn rotates rotor of the electric
generator and in turn generates DC
electricity. The output from the wind
generator varies as per the wind speed.
Wind electricity for decentralized
system or hybrid generation of
electricity using other energy sources
as wind regimes for localized small grid
systems or battery charging..

12. HYBRID SYSTEM
(HSWPS)
Solar Controller And Wind Controller:Controls battery bank charge
discharge reasonable and safety.
and
Battery bank:
There can be a single battery or
multiple batteries connected together to
create essentially one large battery of the
required voltage and amp-hour capacity. In
some ways the battery configuration and
capacity are the most important electrical
power decision to make, and a wise choice
can help guarantee a steady supply of
electrical power as well as a system that is
simple to operate and maintain.

13. HYBRID SYSTEM
(HSWPS)
Inverter:A power converter that ¡°inverts¡± the
DC power from the panels into
AC
power.
.
Loads:Stands for the network connected
appliances in the building that are fed
from the inverter (AC loads), or from
the battery bank(DC loads).

14. HYBRID SYSTEM
(HSWPS)
INSTALLED CAPACITY OF POWER GENERATION THROUGH NON
CONVENTIONAL ENERGY IN INDIA
Sr. No.
Sources Of Energy
Capacity
1
Wind Energy
2
Solar
3
Municipal Solid Waste.
:
113.60 MW
4
Biomass Power / Bagasse Co-generation
:
3488.23 MW
5
Small Hydro
:
3496.14 MW
Total
:
18420.40MW
1176.25 MW
26697.62 MW

15. HYBRID SYSTEM
(HSWPS)
MINIMUM TARGET FOR 12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN (2012-2017)
IS PROPOSED FOR INDIA AS FOLLOWS :
Sr. No.
Target (in GW)
Program
1
Wind Power
:
15
2
Solar Power
:
10
3
Biomass Power
:
3
6
Small Hydro Power
:
2
Total
30

16. CASE STUDY
(HSWPS)
AS ESTIMATED AT CHUNNAMBAR, PONDICHERRY :
Energy
Model Output in kWh per
Actual Output in kWh
Generation
annum
per annum
Percentage
Variation
System
Wind Generation
3569
3347
6.22
3094
2872
7.18
6663
6219
6.66
System(3.3kW)
Solar Generation
System(1.8 kW)
TOTAL

17. CASE STUDY
(HSWPS)

18. FEATURES
(HSWPS)
Designed for easy to operate ,servicing and maintenance
where required
Most Eco-friendly & clean source of power.
No pollution and no recurring fuel costs, Highly
reliable and consistent power supply.
Long life span for SPV modules & Modular design
Very few moving parts-negligible maintenance required
Increases public safety and aids in providing a safe
working environment in areas where mains power is
risky

19. APPLICATIONS
(HSWPS)
Ideal for cell phone recipient stations.
Farm houses, Guesthouses, Hospitals, Hotels,
Laboratories and R&D centres
Remote and Rural village electrification.
Residential colonies and Apartments general Lighting.
Street Lighting.
Transmissions and communication Tower and many more
applications.

20. CONCLUSION
 Because the seasonal profiles of the wind and solar resources are
somewhat complementary in some reason, combination of wind and solar
perform better than either wind or solar alone
 Under the circumstance of power failure this hybrid system keeps the
continuity of supply without producing any noise pollution, dislike any other
power generating equipment i.e. D.G. Set with noisy operation.
 High Efficiency than Individual systems.
 Since the longer pay back time of investing renewable energy system, little
firms are interested in investing the renewable system.

21. BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Dr. Hiregowdara Yerrannagouda, assistance professor, Mech. Engg. Dept.,
Vijayanagar Engineering College of Bellary.
DR. Recayi Pecen, member of Tau Beta Pi National Engineering Honor Society,
IEEE and NAIT.
Dr. MD Salim, faculty of University of Northern Lowa.
Dr. Marc Timmerman, faculty of University of Tulsa and of University of Northern
Lowa.
www.mahaurja.com (MAHARASHTRA ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AGENCY).
http://www.renewindians.com/2012/12/Renewable-energy-contribution-in-india.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_India(Wikipedia)
http://www.umass.edu.
http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/hybrid-wind-and-solar-electric-systems.
Software.from MIT.