1) The document discusses several critical theory works and concepts, including Virginia Woolf's A Room of One's Own, Edward Said's Orientalism, and Elaine Showalter's stages of feminist criticism. 2) Woolf's work discusses the need for women to have financial independence and a private space in order to write. Said's Orientalism examines how Europeans viewed Middle Eastern and Asian cultures as exotic and inferior. 3) Showalter outlines three phases of feminist criticism: imitation of male perspectives, protest against stereotypes, and independence. The document analyzes key passages and ideas from these influential critical works.

1. CRITICAL THEORY
Presented By
Garret Raja Immanuel
St.John’s College, Palayamkottai.

2. WHAT SHOULD WE FOCUS? (FOR NET)
3 Phases of Question Pattern
 1st Phase – 2004 to 2010
2nd Phase – 2011 to 2014
3rd Phase – 2015 to 2017

3. 1ST PHASE

4. 1ST PHASE

5. 1ST PHASE
1)Author – Work Name
2)Critic – Concept (Key Term)

6. 2ND PHASE

7. 2ND PHASE

8. 2ND PHASE

9. 2ND PHASE

10. 2ND PHASE
1)YEARS OF CRITICAL WORKS
2)DEFINITION /CHARACTERISTICS OF SCHOOL

11. 3RD PHASE

12. 3RD PHASE

13. 3RD PHASE

14. 3RD PHASE

15. 3RD PHASE

16. 3RD PHASE
1)WITH IN THE CRITICAL WORK
2)QUOTES OF CRITICS FROM WORKS

17. A ROOM OF ONE’S OWN
• A Room of One's Own is an extended essay
by Virginia Woolf.
• She was asked to give a lecture on “Women and
Fiction”.

18. •According to Woolf "a woman must have
money and a room of her own if she is to
write fiction"

19. PARTLY-FICTIONALIZED
"call me Mary Beton, Mary Seton, Mary
Carmichael or by any name you please—it is not a
matter of any importance“.
OXBRIDGE (Fictional University)

20. Thinking = Fishing
Idea or Thought = Fish
Grass – Only for Scholars and Fellows
Gravel Path - Women

21. • “ladies are only admitted to the library if
accompanied by a Fellow of the College or
furnished with a letter of introduction."
•Thinks about the lunch that was served at
the college.
• "a cat without a tail" – Lacking in Lunch Party.

22. •describes a meal at Fernham.
•Compares it With OXBRIDGE.
•Retires to her friend Mary Seton’s
Room.

23. BRITISH MUSEUM
• Books about women
• Checking the "M" listings
• “Been written in the red light of emotion and not
in the white light of truth”
• Five hundred pounds a year by her aunt, Mary
Beton.

24. JUDITH SHAKESPEARE
• Judith is as gifted perhaps as her brother.
• Denied Formal Education.
• She becomes engaged
• She wants to go into acting
• She is finally taken up by a theater-manager,
• becomes pregnant by him, and commits suicide.

25. WOMEN WRITERS IN HISTORY
• 1)Alphra Ben
• 2)Emily Bronte
• 3)Jane Austen
• “But women may not always choose to write
novels. They have poetry in them still
unexpressed.”

26. MARY CARMICHAEL
• “Life's Adventure by Mary Carmichael”
• "Chloe liked Olivia.“
• Lesbianism.

27. MR. A
• An imagined male author
• “Women, then, have not had a dog's chance of
writing poetry. That is why I have laid so much
stress on money and a room of one's own."

28. TOWARDS FEMINIST POETICS
• Elaine Showalter’s Critical Essay.
• Published in 1979.
• Feminist criticism can be divided into two
varieties.

29. TWO TYPES OF FEMINIST CRITICISM
•1. Woman as reader [Feminist Critique]
Male-oriented , We get only experience of
whaat men have felt
•2. Woman as writer [Gynocritics]
•Female language

30. 3 STAGES OF WOMEN WRITERS
• “A Literature of Their Own”
• 1) The first phase, the feminine phase dates
from about 1840-1880
• During that period women wrote in an effort to
equal the intellectual achievements of the male
culture.
• sign of this period is the male pseudonym

31. FEMINIST PHASE
• 2) The feminist phase lasted about 38 years; from
1882 to 1920
• The women writers of this phase protested against
the male canons and values
• They rejected any text that stereotyped the women

32. FEMALE PHASE
• The Female Phase (1920 to present):- The writers such as
Rebecca West, Katherine Mansfield, and Dorothy
Richardson
• women reject both imitation and protest—two forms of
dependency
• Independability.

33. ORIENTALISM (1978)
•Orientalism by Edward Said
•Europeans divided the world into two
parts
•Occident vs Orient

34. CHAPTER 1: THE SCOPE OF ORIENTALISM
• orientals started considering the orientals as
non-human beings
• divided the world in to two parts
• ours and theirs

35. • The orients were regarded as uncivilized people
• since they were the refined race it was their duty to civilize
these people and in order to achieve their goal.
• the orients themselves were incapable of running their own
government.
• every thing the orientals said and did was recorded
irrespective of its context, and projected to the civilized

36. • Europeans was that they defined themselves by
defining the orientals.
• culture of the orientals was explained to the
European audience by linking them to the western
culture
• Mohammadism

37. CHAPTER 2: ORIENTALIST STRUCTURES AND
RESTRUCTURES
• literary work
• romanticized by the European poets
• they were biologically superior, and secondly it were
the Europeans who discovered the orients not the
orients who discovered the Europeans.
• orientalists of the 19th century, namely Silvestre de
Sacy and Ernest Renan

38. CHAPTER 3 : ORIENTALISM NOW
• The earlier orientalists did not interact a lot with the
orients, whereas the new orients lived with them as if they
were one of them
• Lawrence of Arabia was one of such orienatlists.
• two other scholars Massignon and Gibb.
• Islam as a weak religion.
• orient perspective too.