Cover crops can help control erosion in several Midwestern counties where erosion rates exceed tolerable levels. Farmers are increasingly using cover crops to improve soil health, control weeds, and reduce nutrient leaching. Effective cover crop systems match specific cover crop species to objectives like grazing or scavenging nutrients. Cover crops require planning to optimize establishment and termination timing. Innovation from farmer pioneers shows potential for cover crops to improve soil structure and increase crop yields.
Cover Crops Provide Much More than Just CoverRay Weil
This presentation was the Keynote address for the Innovative Farmers of Ontario (Canada) in February 2014. Some slides may not work as well as intended without their animations.
Cover Crops Provide Much More than Just CoverRay Weil
This presentation was the Keynote address for the Innovative Farmers of Ontario (Canada) in February 2014. Some slides may not work as well as intended without their animations.
Integrating Cover Crops into Specialty Crops Production; Gardening Guidebook for Kansas ~ Kansas Rural Cente~ For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This presentation provides an overview of the benefits of cover crops, management considerations, cover crop species for Arkansas and Oklahoma, and the economic benefits of cover cropping.
I shared this presentation at the IL Regional Tillage Seminar in Milan IL on 1/27/2011.
Some edits have been made for increased clarity without the commentary.
by Julie Grossman, Assistant Professor | Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota
Presented at the 2015 Minnesota Statewide High Tunnel Conference.
Integrating Cover Crops into Specialty Crops Production; Gardening Guidebook for Kansas ~ Kansas Rural Cente~ For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This presentation provides an overview of the benefits of cover crops, management considerations, cover crop species for Arkansas and Oklahoma, and the economic benefits of cover cropping.
I shared this presentation at the IL Regional Tillage Seminar in Milan IL on 1/27/2011.
Some edits have been made for increased clarity without the commentary.
by Julie Grossman, Assistant Professor | Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota
Presented at the 2015 Minnesota Statewide High Tunnel Conference.
The Garden Grocery - Food Safety at the Farmers' MarketAmy Peterson
Farmers’ Markets offer a variety of fresh, locally-produced fruits, vegetables, bakery and meat products in a festive atmosphere.
Get the most from your local Farmers’ Market with these tips for food safety, food selection and friendly advice to for the Farmers' Market in your neighborhood or community!
Developed by Amy Peterson, MS RDN and Alice Henneman, MS RDN, Nebraska Extension
Change the taste and appearance of your foods from "ordinary to "extraordinary" by adding fresh herbs. Download a related handout from Slideshare at http://www.slideshare.net/alicehenneman/cooking-with-fresh-herbs
I shared this presentation at the Northern IL Farm show on 1/12/2012.
It contains some new slides specific to N IL but also many slides recycled from other presentations
The bountiful natural terroir of Oregon has left many vineyards with excessive vegetative growth. High vigor can lead to a host of deleterious effects on grape and wine quality. Many grapegrowers annually employ intensive remedial canopy management techniques in response to high-vigor issues. The speakers in this session will address perennial vigor management strategies. From New Mexico State University, Dr. Gill Giese will share results from a long-term study of complete vineyard floor cover cropping and root pruning. From the University of Georgia, Dr. Cain Hickey will discuss results from research on the use of root restriction and rootstocks as a vigor management tool.
Dr. Sjoerd Duiker - Repairing ravaged soilsJohn Blue
Repairing ravaged soils - Dr. Sjoerd Duiker, Extension Agronomist, Penn State University, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Highlight of small ruminant production system in Bale, Southeastern EthiopiaILRI
Presented by Dawit Abate (OARI Sinana Agricultural Research Center) at the Africa-RISING Quick Feed Project Inception Workshop, Addis Ababa, 7-8 May 2012
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
3. Erosion continues to be a serious issue in
W Illinois and NE Missouri
(#s = % of sample points)
County < 1 *T 1-2*T > 2*T
Adams 85 12 3
These
Brown 75 17 8
Hancock 91 6
fields 3
Henderson 91 7 need 2
McDonough 85 12 more 3
Pike 70 18 green! 11
Schuyler 83 13 4
http://www.agr.state.il.us/darts/References/transect/transect06.pdf
T = tolerable level of erosion according to NRCS
(traditional but controversial concept)
4. How many extreme precipitation
events has your farm
experienced in the last 3 years?
How much erosion
occurred during these
events on your farm?
5. Impact of the 2008 floods on IA soils
20 tons per acre average soil loss across 2,284,000 ac!
Conservation structures needing repair
12,157 Grassed Waterways
8,137 Terraces
3,375 Water and Sediment Control Basins
800 Grade Stabilization Structures
Fields with combinations of two or more conservation
practices (e.g., no-till + cover crops) performed much
better than fields with a single practice
6. Farmers know that cover crops control erosion
CTIC survey of 809 Corn Belt farmers in 2010
7. Farmers also know that improved drainage
improves yields (and reduces erosion)
Yield maps
have made
drainage
problems
more
obvious
8. Impact of Ag Drainage
More infiltration = less run-off = less erosion
…and more loss of some
nutrients and ag chemicals
H2O
Gulf of
Mexico
10. Drainage practices should be combined
with other practices that reduce leaching
REDUCTION POTENTIAL
Reduce N rate by 25 lbs/a
combine summer annuals with winter annuals
11. The science is clear - cover crops can reduce nitrate leaching
at lower cost than most other practices!
Bare fallow
Kaspar et al. J. Environ. Qual. 36:1503-1511
12. Where are the best places for
cover crops on your farm?
When is the best time for
establishment and termination?
What needs to be adjusted
to find the best fit?
16. Very common question received
by CC seed vendors in early fall
“What cover
crop should I
plant ???”
17. Well… what do you
want your cover
crop to do for you?
18. Cover crops are not the missing puzzle piece(s)
in your current cropping systems!
19. Start planning today!
• Anticipate planting windows
• Match objectives with species
• Confirm seed availability
• Make sure seeding equipment is ready
• Identify realistic termination methods
• Allocate labor
• Develop contingency plans
20.
21. Crop
planted
on May 15
and harvested
on October 1
22. Opportunities for planting cover crops
• Dormant seeding early or late winter
• Frost seeding
• In the spring
• When planting summer crops
• Prevent plant scenarios
• While sidedressing
• After small grains
• After vegetables
• After seed corn or silage corn
• Aerial or high clearance seeding into standing crops in late
summer/early fall
• After corn/bean grain harvest
23. Match CC objectives with species
Grazing
GRAZING = #1 way to make cover crops pay!
brassicas, clovers, small grains, a. ryegrass, sorghum-sudan
Nutrient scavenging/cycling
brassicas, small grains, annual ryegrass
Bio-drilling
brassicas, sugarbeet, sunflower,
sorghum-sudan sweet clover, alfalfa
N-fixation
clovers, vetches, lentil, winter pea, chickling vetch, sun hemp, cowpea, soybean
Bio-activation/fumigation
brassicas, sorghum-sudan, sun hemp, sesame
Weed suppression
brassicas, sorghum-sudan, cereal rye, buckwheat
24. Forage kale Oats, turnips, annual ryegrass and wheat
Oats, turnips and cereal rye Mystery brassica
26. Have you used any forage brassicas as
cover crops?
Hunter
27. Franzluebbers AJ and JA Stuedemann. 2008.
Soil physical responses to cattle grazing cover crops under
conventional and no tillage in the
Southern Piedmont USA.
Soil and Tillage Research 100, 141-153.
• Cover crops (winter or summer) can provide high-
quality forage and increase economic return and farm
diversity, but some farmers have been reluctant to take
this advantage due to perceived “compaction” caused
by animal trampling.
• Grazing of cover crops can compact soil, but not to
the detrimental levels often perceived.
28. Performance over Price
• Buy CC seed on value not price
Cover crop seed price survey from 2010 ($/lb)
Vendor Cereal rye Annual Hairy vetch Medium red
ryegrass clover
WI 0.188 0.52 (0.69) 1.60 (1.98) 1.22 (1.62)
IL1 0.147 (0.179) 0.47 (0.63) 1.42 (1.65)
MN 0.153 (0.171) 0.50 (0.56) 1.70 (1.90) 1.66 (1.84)
NE1 0.157 (0.179) 0.55 (0.65) 2.10 (2.50) 1.65 (1.95)
IL2 (0.213) (0.75) (2.20) (2.60)
IL3 0.188 (0.214) (0.70)
MO 0.197 0.46 1.47 1.21
IL4 (0.20) (0.60) (1.80) (1.75)
IA (0.195) (0.62) (2.00) 2.00
IN (0.239) (0.75) (2.20)
(IL farmer) 0.125 0.48 1.05
29. The cheapest seed available is
frequently VNS – variety not stated
Do you know the difference between
“variety name” and “brand name”?
How important is uniform seed size
and vigor to you?
30. How much is
good
technical
support
worth to
you?
31. Reduce Risk
• Enroll in programs that pay you to plant CCs
• Use time tested CC methods
• Use more than one method of planting CCs
• Plant mixtures/cocktails
• Grow some crops e.g. small grains, vegetables, corn
silage, shorter season hybrids/varieties that are
harvested early
• Plan residual herbicide programs carefully
• Irrigate
32. Traditional cover cropping in the Midwest
The
most tried and true
cover cropping system in
the Midwest region
Frost seeded red clover
42. IA and IL Aerial Applicator Survey (May-June 2010)
Name Location Experience w/CC Cost
no exp., no customer
Cady Aerial Spray Rock Falls, IL interest $8.00/a norm app $8.50/a cc
Benoit Aerial
Spraying Kankakee, IL turnips and rye $8.00/a norm app $10.00/a cc
Franks Flying
Service Morrison, IL ryegrass and c. rye $8.00/a norm app $10.00/a cc
Reeds Fly-on yes, c. rye, small part
Farming Mattoon, IL of business $8.00/a norm app $12.00/a cc
Killiam Flying rye, wheat on beans, $8.00/a norm app $10.00/ac
Service Carlinville, IL rye on corn or 10/lb
Curless Flying
Service Astoria, IL ryegrass and turnips $8-15.00/a all app.
Klein Flying St. Francisville, ~$12.50/a cc,
Service IL annual rye and turnips $9.00/a liquid app
Agriflite Services Wakarusa, IN rye, wheat, ryegrass ave $15.00/a for cc app.
Al's Aerial $10-15.00/a cc
Spraying Ovid, MI rye and wheat $10.00/a liquid
50. With lots of space, moisture, fertility and time to
grow, individual radishes can get huge!
but a good stand of 1” radishes
will probably do more for your soil!
51.
52. control Ohio State
University
Tillage
Radish®
plots
Soil compaction
decreased by >40%
53. Crop root density as affected by previous cover crop
Chen and Weil (2006)
56. Radishes are not the only good bio-driller!!
• much less top growth but deeper roots than cereal rye
• much less winter hardy than cereal rye
• can be difficult to kill
• can be a serious weed in small grains
57. Ralph “Junior” Upton
Springerton, Illinois
1,800 acres of no-till corn, beans and wheat &
annual ryegrass, cereal rye and hairy vetch cover crops
Problem Addressed
Difficult soil characteristics. Ralph “Junior” Upton farms
poorly drained land characterized by an impenetrable
layer, or “plow pan,” six to eight inches deep that crop
roots typically can’t grow through.
One day, in the mid-1980s, Upton got a magnified view of his soil’s limitations.
While tearing out a fence, Upton noticed plenty of moisture in the soil about
three feet down. Above it sat a compacted layer of soil through which no roots
were growing. Upton had a visible confirmation of why, during dry years, the
shallow-rooted crops dried up even though there was plenty of water stored in
the soil below.
“I began looking for a way to break up that plow pan
so my crops could get to the moisture they needed”
58. Learn from cover crop innovators
• Attend field days/host a field day
• Attend conferences
• Participate in internet forums
71. “A Wheat-Corn-Bean rotation with "tillage" done via RADISHES (!!)
into the wheat stubble every third year! All done with a single 60 ft
30" planter, RTK and one 60ft toolbar. Fertilizer efficiency is very good
with banding, split application and no fall losses.
I came away from there thinking I have seen the future of production
agriculture, at least in some areas.
Sorry to go on so long but this was a very interesting day.
The field of tillage radishes was incredible. The size of those things
does really seem to break up the soil at least as deep as many tillage
tools.
I think this may be the future for many folks and Joel, Steve, Ed and
others:
I am no longer a skeptic!”
72.
73. A Wheat-Corn-Bean rotation with "tillage" done via RADISHES
(!!) into the wheat stubble every third year! All done with a
single 60 ft 30" planter, RTK and one 60ft toolbar. Fertilizer
efficiency is very good with banding, split application and no fall
8625 losses.
views!!
I came away from there thinking I have seen the future of
production agriculture, at least in some areas.
Sorry to go on so long but this was a very interesting day.
The field of tillage radishes was incredible. The size of those
things does really seem to break up the soil at least as deep as
many tillage tools.
74.
75. Corn following cover crop experiment in 2011
Relative
Cover crop system
corn yield
Volunteer oats 79%
Radishes planted on 30” 99%
Radishes drilled on 7.5” 91%
Corn planted on radish rows
76. Keep good records
– Date of planting
– Seeding rates, drill settings…
– Take lots of photos!
77. My computer is about
to explode from cover
crop overload :->
78. Optimize fertility
• Inoculate legumes
• Inoculate non-legumes?
• Fertilize cover crops when
residual fertility is low
79.
80. Do all legumes add N to the soil?
Soybean seeds often
contain >25% more N
than was fixed within
their nodules
81. 133 lbs of K/ac 52 lbs of Ca/ac
Hairy Vetch
3,260 lbs of DM/ac
141 lbs of N/ac
18 lbs of P/ac 18 lbs of Mg/ac
82. Learn from research
On-farm research
• Leave check strips - replicate if possible
• Work with universities/NRCS
Research station trials
• Make suggestions
• Pay attention to results
83. Cereal rye inter-seeded with soybean for in-row
weed control at the Allison Farm
No significant differences in yield between 20&40 lbs
of rye in row vs. 60 lbs broadcast vs. control (all trt
means > 40 bu/a)
Cereal rye and several other CC species that require
vernalization will be planted over soybeans rows using the
insecticide boxes on our planter in 2012
96. Soybean health experiment – 6 locations across IL
November 2010
Mustard
Rapeseed incorporated
Canola pre-plant
Cereal rye
Cereal rye no-till
Soybeans no-till drilled into cereal rye
were the top yielder in 2011
97. Which potential benefits of CC
are most important to you?
Control
Erosion
Feed
livestock
Cover
Crops
Adapted from Magdoff and Weil (2004)
98. Good advice from Steve Groff…
TREAT
YOUR
COVER
CROPS
LIKE YOUR
CASH
CROPS!
100. Start planning today for next fall!
How will I seed the cover crop?
What will soil temperature and moisture conditions be like?
What weather extremes and field traffic must it tolerate?
Will it winterkill in my area?
Should it winterkill, to meet my goals?
What kind of regrowth can I expect?
How will I kill it and plant into it?
Will I have the time to make this work?
What’s my contingency plan—and risks—if the
cover crop doesn’t establish or doesn’t die on schedule?
Do I have the needed equipment and labor?