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COUNSELLING
DR. LISANUL HASAN, M.B.B.S
MISCONCEPTIONS
• Counselling is only for people who have serious mental and emotional problems.
• Counselling is only for people who are too weak to overcome an addiction or has
some other type of inadequacy to deal problems on their own
• The counsellor will teach you how to cope with your problem
• A good counsellor will provide you a quick solution to your problem with little to
no efforts on your part if you ask them
MISCONCEPTIONS
• When in counselling the counsellor does most of the talking and you listen
• Counsellors will work towards changing your beliefs and values to conform to the
right way to feel and act.
• If you seek professional help, you are considered mentally unhealthy.
• Painful, unpleasant and serious!
• Can it really be confidential?
COUNSELLING: A BRIEF IDEA
• A face to face process by which you help the person to make decision, solve problems or act on
them.
• Helping process aimed at problem solving
• No distinct boundary between counselling and psychotherapy.
• Specific to the need , issue and circumstances of each individual client.
• Interactive , mutually respectful collaborative process.
• Goal directed .
• Acceptable to social and cultural context.
• Bring changes in attitude.
• Requires training , experience and knowledge
COUNSELLING FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES
• Debriefing
• Counselling for relationship problems
• Bereavement counselling
• Counselling about health risks
• Crisis intervention
COUNSELLING
• According to communication expert:
• 10 % of our communication represented by words.
• 30 % are represented by sounds we make (by minimum verbal)
• 60 % are represented by body language ( eg.- eye contact , body posture etc.)
MICRO SKILLS FOR COUNSELORS
• Accept the clients as they are.
• Listen to what your clients say and how they say it
• Keep silent sometimes
• Seat comfortably
• Look directly into the clients
• Ensure that you are continually involved .
STAGES OF COUNSELLING
• 1. Rapport-building
• 2. Assessment and analysis of the problem
• 3.Goal setting.
• 4. Counselling intervention
• 5. Termination and follow-up
RAPPORT BUILDING
• Empathy
• Genuineness
• Warmth
SOME SKILLS FOR RELATIONSHIP
• Introduce yourself
• Invite client to sit down
• Ensure client is comfortable
• Address the client by name
• Invite social conversation to reduce anxiety
• Watch for non-verbal behavior as signs of client’s emotional state
• Invite client to describe his/her reasons to come and talk
• Allow client time to respond
• Indicate that you are interested in the person
WHY ASSESSMENT?
• To make an accurate diagnosis
• To determine suitability of a treatment plan
• To develop a treatment plan
• To make goals easier to achieve
• Alternative options
• Assessment of context
FOCUS
•Focus of the clients= Problems
•Focus of the counsellors= Problems +Clients
+Counselling process + Goals
WHY GOALS?
• With clear goals clients are more likely to work towards achieving those goals
• With clear goals clients learn how to structure their lives towards achieving those
goals
• With goals, it is easier for the counselor to structure the counselling process and
measure improvements.
THEORIES
• Psychoanalytical theory
• Behavior theory
• Cognitive theory
• Humanistic theory
SUCCESSFUL COUNSELLING-4 KEY STEPS
•Willingness
•Motivation
•Commitment
•Faith
APPROACHES IN DOING COUNSELLING
• Directive
• Non-directive
• Non-authoritarian
GATHER
• G = Greet client in a friendly, helpful, and respectful manner.
• A = Ask client about needs, concerns, and previous use.
• T = Tell client about different options and methods.
• H = Help client to make decision about choice of method s/he prefers.
• E = Explain to client how to use the method.
• R = Return: Schedule and carry out return visit and follow-up of client
COMPONENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AIDS
• Comfort and consolation
• Protection from further threat and distress
• Immediate physical Care
• Helping reunion with loved ones
• Sharing the experience(not forced)
• Linking survivors with source of support
• Facilitating a sense of being in control
• Identifying those who need further help
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COUNSELLING AND HEALTH
EDUCATION
Counselling Health Education
Confidential Non-confidential
One to one or small group Group of people
Focused , specific, goal directed Generalized
Facilitates change in attitude and
motivates behavior change
Provides information
Problem oriented Content oriented
SCENARIO
• Contraceptive counselling
• Counselling about febrile convulsion
• Counselling about recent death of a family member
• Corona Counselling
• Counselling of a mother after repeated abortion
COUNSELLING IS NOT
• Telling or directing
• Giving advice
• A casual concern
• A confession
• Prayer
SOURCE
• Slide presentation by Dr. Aditi Chandrakar -
https://www.slideshare.net/draditi7in7/counselling-50117833
• Sunil Krishnan, Department of psychology , Kerala University
• Short Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry,7th edition

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Counselling- A Gateway To Mental Health

  • 2. MISCONCEPTIONS • Counselling is only for people who have serious mental and emotional problems. • Counselling is only for people who are too weak to overcome an addiction or has some other type of inadequacy to deal problems on their own • The counsellor will teach you how to cope with your problem • A good counsellor will provide you a quick solution to your problem with little to no efforts on your part if you ask them
  • 3. MISCONCEPTIONS • When in counselling the counsellor does most of the talking and you listen • Counsellors will work towards changing your beliefs and values to conform to the right way to feel and act. • If you seek professional help, you are considered mentally unhealthy. • Painful, unpleasant and serious! • Can it really be confidential?
  • 4. COUNSELLING: A BRIEF IDEA • A face to face process by which you help the person to make decision, solve problems or act on them. • Helping process aimed at problem solving • No distinct boundary between counselling and psychotherapy. • Specific to the need , issue and circumstances of each individual client. • Interactive , mutually respectful collaborative process. • Goal directed . • Acceptable to social and cultural context. • Bring changes in attitude. • Requires training , experience and knowledge
  • 5. COUNSELLING FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES • Debriefing • Counselling for relationship problems • Bereavement counselling • Counselling about health risks • Crisis intervention
  • 6. COUNSELLING • According to communication expert: • 10 % of our communication represented by words. • 30 % are represented by sounds we make (by minimum verbal) • 60 % are represented by body language ( eg.- eye contact , body posture etc.)
  • 7. MICRO SKILLS FOR COUNSELORS • Accept the clients as they are. • Listen to what your clients say and how they say it • Keep silent sometimes • Seat comfortably • Look directly into the clients • Ensure that you are continually involved .
  • 8. STAGES OF COUNSELLING • 1. Rapport-building • 2. Assessment and analysis of the problem • 3.Goal setting. • 4. Counselling intervention • 5. Termination and follow-up
  • 9. RAPPORT BUILDING • Empathy • Genuineness • Warmth
  • 10. SOME SKILLS FOR RELATIONSHIP • Introduce yourself • Invite client to sit down • Ensure client is comfortable • Address the client by name • Invite social conversation to reduce anxiety • Watch for non-verbal behavior as signs of client’s emotional state • Invite client to describe his/her reasons to come and talk • Allow client time to respond • Indicate that you are interested in the person
  • 11. WHY ASSESSMENT? • To make an accurate diagnosis • To determine suitability of a treatment plan • To develop a treatment plan • To make goals easier to achieve • Alternative options • Assessment of context
  • 12. FOCUS •Focus of the clients= Problems •Focus of the counsellors= Problems +Clients +Counselling process + Goals
  • 13. WHY GOALS? • With clear goals clients are more likely to work towards achieving those goals • With clear goals clients learn how to structure their lives towards achieving those goals • With goals, it is easier for the counselor to structure the counselling process and measure improvements.
  • 14. THEORIES • Psychoanalytical theory • Behavior theory • Cognitive theory • Humanistic theory
  • 15. SUCCESSFUL COUNSELLING-4 KEY STEPS •Willingness •Motivation •Commitment •Faith
  • 16. APPROACHES IN DOING COUNSELLING • Directive • Non-directive • Non-authoritarian
  • 17. GATHER • G = Greet client in a friendly, helpful, and respectful manner. • A = Ask client about needs, concerns, and previous use. • T = Tell client about different options and methods. • H = Help client to make decision about choice of method s/he prefers. • E = Explain to client how to use the method. • R = Return: Schedule and carry out return visit and follow-up of client
  • 18. COMPONENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL FIRST AIDS • Comfort and consolation • Protection from further threat and distress • Immediate physical Care • Helping reunion with loved ones • Sharing the experience(not forced) • Linking survivors with source of support • Facilitating a sense of being in control • Identifying those who need further help
  • 19. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COUNSELLING AND HEALTH EDUCATION Counselling Health Education Confidential Non-confidential One to one or small group Group of people Focused , specific, goal directed Generalized Facilitates change in attitude and motivates behavior change Provides information Problem oriented Content oriented
  • 20. SCENARIO • Contraceptive counselling • Counselling about febrile convulsion • Counselling about recent death of a family member • Corona Counselling • Counselling of a mother after repeated abortion
  • 21. COUNSELLING IS NOT • Telling or directing • Giving advice • A casual concern • A confession • Prayer
  • 22. SOURCE • Slide presentation by Dr. Aditi Chandrakar - https://www.slideshare.net/draditi7in7/counselling-50117833 • Sunil Krishnan, Department of psychology , Kerala University • Short Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry,7th edition