This document summarizes several major counseling theories: person-centered therapy emphasizes unconditional positive regard; rational emotive behavior therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy focus on changing irrational beliefs; reality therapy stresses present-focused action; psychoanalysis examines unconscious drives and defenses; individual psychology considers faulty life styles; Erikson's theory outlines psychosocial stages; and learning theories look at how behavior is acquired through conditioning, modeling and consequences. The purpose is to understand sources of distress and facilitate change by addressing cognitive, emotional or behavioral blocks.
This is a presentation regarding Albert Ellis' REBT. Ellis' model teaches us to dispute irrational beliefs and replace them with rational ones to experience effective change.
NBCC, NAADAC, CAADAC, CBBS, Florida approved continuing education series in mental health, substance abuse and dual disorders counseling for nurses, counselors, therapists, social workers and addictions professionals.
The document aims to provide a comprehensive view of psycho-dynamic model, its assumptions, historical background, Freud's contribution, causes of abnormality, and role and contribution of other contributors
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is a type cognitive therapy first used by Albert Ellis which focuses on resolving emotional and behavioral problems. The goal of the therapy is to change irrational beliefs to more rational ones.
REBT encourages a person to identify their general and irrational beliefs (e.g. I must be perfect") and subsequently persuades the person to challenge these false beliefs through reality testing.
This is a presentation regarding Albert Ellis' REBT. Ellis' model teaches us to dispute irrational beliefs and replace them with rational ones to experience effective change.
NBCC, NAADAC, CAADAC, CBBS, Florida approved continuing education series in mental health, substance abuse and dual disorders counseling for nurses, counselors, therapists, social workers and addictions professionals.
The document aims to provide a comprehensive view of psycho-dynamic model, its assumptions, historical background, Freud's contribution, causes of abnormality, and role and contribution of other contributors
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is a type cognitive therapy first used by Albert Ellis which focuses on resolving emotional and behavioral problems. The goal of the therapy is to change irrational beliefs to more rational ones.
REBT encourages a person to identify their general and irrational beliefs (e.g. I must be perfect") and subsequently persuades the person to challenge these false beliefs through reality testing.
A History of Personality Psychology (Part 1)MotiveMetrics
The history of personality psychology dates as far back as Ancient Greece. Indeed, philosophers since the 4th Century BCE have been trying to define exactly what it is that makes us us. Want to know more? Check out this blog post for a further explanation, http://hub.am/148ETuU.
Alfred Adler Individual Psychology
Key Concepts of Individual Psychology
Adlerian counselling
Striving for Superiority (The Striving for Perfection, Striving for Self-Enhancement, Inferiority Feeling, Drive Satisfaction)
Styles of Life
Fictional Finalism
This power point presentation is on Carl Rogers theory of personality. This ppt would be helpful for both UG and PG students and is developed to fulfill the objective of curriculum.
Sigmund Freud and The Psychoanalytic Therapy 101Russell de Villa
Pretty much a 'simple' presentation showing the concept of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory and a couple of techniques that come along with it. Used only for more 'advanced' learners in the field of Psychology.
This was presented on my Masteral Class on the subject: Seminar on Group Counseling and Psychotherapy. Feel free to edit, add your info, and even tweak the presentations to your desire.
Side-note: Pictures seen in the presentation are from artists from DeviantArt, Credit goes to all of them.
Carl Rogers - Background, theories and criticisms.
Humanistic theory - self-directed learning - learning by doing -
Learning theory - client-centered therapy - psychology - real-self and ideal self
“Courage doesn’t happen when you have all the answers. It happens when you are ready to face the questions you have been avoiding your whole life.”
― Shannon L. Alder
A History of Personality Psychology (Part 1)MotiveMetrics
The history of personality psychology dates as far back as Ancient Greece. Indeed, philosophers since the 4th Century BCE have been trying to define exactly what it is that makes us us. Want to know more? Check out this blog post for a further explanation, http://hub.am/148ETuU.
Alfred Adler Individual Psychology
Key Concepts of Individual Psychology
Adlerian counselling
Striving for Superiority (The Striving for Perfection, Striving for Self-Enhancement, Inferiority Feeling, Drive Satisfaction)
Styles of Life
Fictional Finalism
This power point presentation is on Carl Rogers theory of personality. This ppt would be helpful for both UG and PG students and is developed to fulfill the objective of curriculum.
Sigmund Freud and The Psychoanalytic Therapy 101Russell de Villa
Pretty much a 'simple' presentation showing the concept of Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory and a couple of techniques that come along with it. Used only for more 'advanced' learners in the field of Psychology.
This was presented on my Masteral Class on the subject: Seminar on Group Counseling and Psychotherapy. Feel free to edit, add your info, and even tweak the presentations to your desire.
Side-note: Pictures seen in the presentation are from artists from DeviantArt, Credit goes to all of them.
Carl Rogers - Background, theories and criticisms.
Humanistic theory - self-directed learning - learning by doing -
Learning theory - client-centered therapy - psychology - real-self and ideal self
“Courage doesn’t happen when you have all the answers. It happens when you are ready to face the questions you have been avoiding your whole life.”
― Shannon L. Alder
The counselling process; Stages of the counselling processSunil Krishnan
The counselling process:
Stages of the counselling process
Stage 1: Initial Disclosure
Stage 2: In-depth Exploration
Stage 3: Commitment to action
Three stages of Counselling in Perspective
Counselling …………………………………………………………………
Counselling and Psychotherapy………………………………………
The Role of the Counsellor……………………………………………
Counselling Skills ……………………………………………………
Stages of the counselling process: …………………………………………
Some Misconceptions About Counselling ……………………………
The Counselling Process ………………………………………………
Stage 1: Relationship Building - Initial Disclosure ………………………
Stage 2: In-Depth Exploration - Problem Assessment ………………….
Stage 3: Goal Setting - Commitment to Action ………………………….…
Guidelines for Selecting and Defining Goals ………………………..
Summary ………………………………………………………………
Three stages of Counselling in Perspective …………………………………
Psychoanalytic theory ……………………………………………..…
Benefits and limitations of Psychoanalytic theory ……………
Psychodynamic Approach to Counselling …………………………
Id, Ego and Superego …………………………………………
Humanistic Theory …………………………………………………
Client Centred/Non Directive Counselling……………………
Benefits and limitations in relation …………………………
Humanistic Approach to Counselling …………………………………
Behaviour Theory …………………………………………………
Behavioural Approach to Counselling …………………………
Cognitive Theory …………………………………………………
Services of the Guidance Office:
1. Individual Inventory
2. Information
3. Counseling
4. Assessment and Appraisal
5. Referral
6. Follow-up
7. Consultation
8. Research and Evaluation
9. Prevention and Wellness
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Unlimited Counseling CEUs for $59 https://www.allceus.com/
Specialty Certificate tracks starting at $89 https://www.allceus.com/certificate-tracks/
Live Webinars $5/hour https://www.allceus.com/live-interactive-webinars/
Instagram: AllCEUs
Pinterest: drsnipes
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Unlimited Counseling CEUs for $59 https://www.allceus.com/
Specialty Certificate tracks starting at $89 https://www.allceus.com/certificate-tracks/
Live Webinars $5/hour https://www.allceus.com/live-interactive-webinars/
Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/CounselorToolbox
Pinterest: drsnipes
Relapse prevention is similar across most populations, but there are some unique issues and challenges facing people in recovery who have a criminal record. Learn how to identify and address these issues
Career Development is the lifelong process of managing learning, work, leisure, and transitions in order to move toward a personally determined and evolving preferred future. Career development is the series of activities or the on-going/lifelong process of developing one's career. It usually refers to managing one's career in an intra-organizational or inter-organizational scenario.
Our beliefs drive our behavior and eventually our identity. If you want to change how you parent, you must be willing to look at what you really believe & be willing to change those beliefs. So what do you believe about relating to others?
A person may create competitive advantages by exploring inner world of self. This provide an opportunity to identify own potential & sharpening it
Continuous Self-development is a basic need for leadership role which provide additional benefits to lead & deliver.
The video for this presentation is available on our Youtube channel:
https://youtube.com/allceuseducation A continuing education course for this presentation can be found at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/index?c=
Continuing education can be purchased for this at https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/search?q=anger
Instructor: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes PhD, LPC-MHSP, LMHC, NCC, SPARC, CDRC
Objectives
Explore the function of anger
Identify the costs and benefits of anger
Identify anger triggers
Rejection/Isolation
Failure
Loss of control
The unknown
Explore multiple skills necessary for Anger Management:
Mindful self-awareness
Distress tolerance
Values clarification/Goal setting
Motivational enhancement skills
Cognitive behavioral skills
Cognitive processing skills
Communication skills
Compassion focused skills
Self-esteem building skills
Wellness skills (Vulnerability identification and prevention)
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
3. Purpose By understanding the origins of distress, we are better able to deal with distress. Counseling Theories assert that problems stem from ineffective relationships or thoughts in adulthood. Personality Theories speculate that distress stems from more innate, long standing problems often starting in childhood Learning Theories emphasize the fact that distress and behavior is learned from exposure to rewards and punishments
4. Theories: Person Centered Humans are good and forward moving unless they are blocked Blockages often occur from a lack of unconditional positive regard which leads to low self esteem and low self efficacy By creating a nurturing, positive environment, people will naturally move in the right direction.
5. Theories: Person Centered 6 necessary conditions required for change: Therapist-Client Psychological Contact: a relationship between client and therapist in which each person's perception of the other is important must exist. Client incongruence, or Vulnerability: incongruence exists between the client's experience and awareness causing vulnerability/anxiety increasing motivation. Therapist Congruence, or Genuineness Therapist Unconditional Positive Regard (UPR) Therapist Empathic understanding Client Perception of the therapist's UPR and empathic understanding.
6. Theories: REBT/CBT Focuses on changing the current evaluations and/or reactions Distress is caused by a combination of the event and the person’s perception of the event By using the A-B-Cs, people can evaluate their beliefs and reactions (consequences) to events.
7. A-B-C A= Activating Event B= Beliefs/assumptions about/interpretations of an event C= Consequences D= Dispute irrational beliefs What is the evidence for my beliefs? What are other possible explanations for what happened? E= Evaluate reactions/consequences for effectiveness What are the implications of my believing this way, and do they make it worth holding on to my beliefs? How useful are my beliefs? Do I or others get any benefits from holding on to them, or would we benefit more if we held other beliefs?
8. CBT/REBT: Irrational Thoughts Irrational Idea 1 - It is a dire necessity to be loved or approved by almost everyone for virtually everything he or she does. Irrational Idea 2 - One should be thoroughly competent, adequate, and achieving in all possible respects. Irrational Idea 3 - Certain people are bad or wicked, and should be severely blamed and punished. Irrational Idea 4 - It is terrible, horrible, and catastrophic when things are not going the way one would like them to go. Irrational Idea 5 - Happiness is externally caused and people have little or no ability to control their emotions.
9. Irrational Thoughts cont… Irrational Idea 6 - If something is dangerous or fearsome, one should dwell on it Irrational Idea 7 - It is easier to avoid facing many life difficulties and self-responsibilities than to undertake more rewarding forms of self-discipline. Irrational Idea 8 - The past is all-important and because something once strongly affected one’s life, it should indefinitely do so. Irrational Idea 9 - People and things should be different, and it is catastrophic if things do not immediately change. Irrational Idea 10 -Maximum human happiness can be achieved by inertia and inaction or by passively "enjoying oneself."
10. CBT/REBT: Irrational Thoughts Emotional perfectionism: I should always feel happy, confident, and in control of my emotions. Performance perfectionism: I must never fail/make a mistake. Perceived perfectionism: People will not love and accept me as a flawed and vulnerable human being. Fear of disapproval or criticism: I need everybody’s approval Fear of rejection: If I’m not loved, then life is not worth living. Fear of being alone: If I’m alone, then I’m miserable Fear of failure: My worth depends on my achievements Conflict phobia: People who love each other shouldn’t fight. Emotophobia: I should not feel angry, anxious, jealous etc. Entitlement: People should always be how I expect
11. CBT/REBT: Irrational Thoughts all or nothing thinking overgeneralization mental filter – dwell on the bad and let it discolor everything discount the positives jumping to conclusions/overgeneralization magnification emotional reasoning –we FEEL bad so we believe we are shoulds labeling – we label ourselves negatively instead of trying to learn from the situation or thinking about the best way to overcome it blame – we hold other people responsible for our pain or blame ourselves entirely for every problem mind reading catastrophizing - we expect disaster. personalizing - we think that everything people do or say is some kind of reaction to us
12. CBT/REBT: Irrational Thoughts Control Fallacy - If you feel externally controlled, you see yourself as a totally helpless victim of fate. Conversely, it can hold you responsible for the pain and happiness of everyone around you. Fallacy of Fairness –Life is not fair. Fallacy of Change - You expect that other people will change to suit you if you just pressure or cajole them enough. Fallacy of Being Right - Being wrong is unthinkable, and you will go to any length to demonstrate your rightness. Heaven's Reward Fallacy - You expect all your sacrifice and self-denial to pay off, as if there were someone keeping score. You feel bitter when the reward does not come.
13. Theories: Reality Therapy Focus on the present Avoid discussing symptoms and complaints. These are the ineffective ways that counselees choose to deal with problems. Focus on what counselees can do directly-act and think. Spend less time on what they cannot do directly: changing their feelings and physiology. Avoid criticizing, blaming and/or complaining Remain non-judgmental, but encourage people to ask: Is what I am doing getting me closer to the people I need? Teach that excuses stand in the way of making needed connections.
14. Reality Therapy cont… Focus on specifics. Who are counselees are disconnected from Help them make specific, workable plans to reconnect with the people they need. Follow through on what was planned by helping them evaluate their progress. Be patient and supportive but keep focusing on the source of the problem, disconnectedness.
15. Personality Theories: Psychoanalysis The conscious mind is what you are aware of at any particular moment, your present perceptions, memories, thoughts, fantasies, feelings Working closely with the conscious mind is what Freud called the preconscious, what we might today call "available memory.“ The largest part by far is the unconscious. It includes all the things that are not easily available to awareness, including many things that have their origins there, such as our drives or instincts, and things that are put there because we can't bear to look at themthe unconscious is the source of our motivations
16. Psychoanalysis cont… The id, the ego, and the superego The id (instinct)works with the pleasure principle to take care of needs immediately The ego helps the person searches for objects to satisfy the id’s wishes as the ego struggles to keep the id happy, it meets with obstacles in the world. It keeps a record of consequences. This record of things to avoid and strategies to take becomes the superego. There are two aspects to the superego: conscience, which is an internalization of punishments and warnings. The other is called the ego ideal. It derives from rewards and positive models presented to the child.
17. Psychoanalysis cont… The defense mechanisms When the Id/superego conflict becomes overwhelming, the ego must defend itself. The techniques are called the ego defense mechanisms Denial Sublimation Displacement Humor Reaction Formation
18. Personality Theories: Adler Striving for perfection is a single "drive" or motivating force behind all our behavior and experience Since we are not perfect, our personalities are accounted for by the ways in which we do -- or don't -- compensate or overcome our failures Adler felt that there were three basic childhood situations that most contribute to a faulty lifestyle. Disabilities. If someone doesn't come along to draw their attention to others, they will remain focused on themselves. pampering. Many children are taught, by the actions of others, that they can take without giving. neglect. They learn inferiority because they are told and shown every day that they are of no value; They learn selfishness because they are taught to trust no one.
19. Personality Theories: Erickson We develop through a predetermined eight stages. Progress through each stage is determined by our success in all the previous stages. Each stage involves certain developmental tasks If a stage is managed well, we develop a certain virtue or strength
20. Erickson’s Stages hope - Basic Trust vs. Mistrust - Infant stage. Does the child believe its caregivers to be reliable? will - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - Toddler stage. Child needs to learn it is safe to explore the world. purpose - Initiative vs. Guilt - Kindergarten - The child can do things on his own. If "guilty" about making choices, the child will not function well. competence - Industry vs. Inferiority - Around age 6 to puberty. Child comparing self worth to others. fidelity - Identity vs. Role Confusion - Teenager. Questioning of self. Who am I, how do I fit in? If the parents continually push him/her to conform to their views, the teen will face identity confusion.
21. love (in intimate relationships, work and family) - Intimacy vs. Isolation - Young adult. Who do I want to be with or date, what am I going to do with my life? Will I settle down? caring - Generativity vs. Stagnation - the Mid-life crisis. Measure accomplishments/failures. Am I satisfied or not? The need to assist the younger generation. Stagnation is the feeling of not having done anything to help the next generation. wisdom - Ego Integrity vs. Despair - old age. Some handle death well. They reflect on the past, and either conclude at satisfaction or despair
22. Learning Theories: Classical Conditioning Classical conditioning involves presentations of a neutral stimulus along with a stimulus of some significance (usually an unconditioned stimulus) Classical conditioning is most important in helping us understand why seemingly neutral stimuli evoke a response from a client
23. Learning Theories: Operant Conditioning Operant conditioning is the use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behavior (Treatment planning) Reinforcement is a consequence that increases a behavior. +/- Punishment is a consequence that decreases a behavior. +/- Extinctionis the elimination of a behavior by removing the reward.
24. Learning Theories: Social Learning People learn from one another, through observational learning, imitation, and modeling. People can learn by observing behavior and the outcomes of those behaviors. Learning can occur without a change in behavior. Cognition, awareness and expectations of future consequences can have a major effect on the behaviors that people exhibit. Reciprocal causation: The person, the behavior, and the environment can have an influence on each other.
25. Social Learning cont… 4 conditions that are necessary before an individual can learn Attention: the person must first pay attention to the model/situation Retention: the observer must remember the behavior that has been observed. Rehearsal: the third condition is the ability to replicate the behavior. Motivation: Learners must want to demonstrate what they have learned.
26. Social Learning cont… Self Regulation Set goals and standards Self-observe Judge yourself React, revisit and reinforce
27. Implications of Social Learning Theory Students often learn a lot by observing others. Describing the consequences of behavior can effectively increase the appropriate behaviors and decrease inappropriate ones. Modeling can be used in conjunction with shaping Expose people to a variety of other models/behaviors/lifestyles People must believe that they are capable or have a sense of self-efficacy. Help students set realistic expectations Teach self-regulation techniques
28. Summary There are a multitude of theories Most boil down to clients lacking self confidence or motivation to do the correct behaviors By helping people identify obstacles to their behaviors or motivation, we can help them improve their quality of life.