Psychoanalytic Theory Jungian Analytic Theory Adlerian Counseling

1. COURSE TITLE: ED 302 Alternative Learning System
TOPIC: Counseling Theories
Psychoanalytic Theory, Jungian Analytic Theory,
Adlerian Counseling
REPORTER: Michelle C. Azuelo
September 17, 2016
PROFESSOR: Dr. Mercelita Salazar
Counseling
Theories

2. COUNSELING THEORIES
1. Psychoanalytic Theory
2. Jungian Analytic Theory
3. Adlerian Counseling

3. SIGMUND FREUD
 Is said to be the founder and
father of psychoanalytic
theory.
 He was an Austrian
neurologist and psychiatrist
who co-founded the
psychoanalytic school of
psychology.
 A person’s thoughts and
behaviors emerge from
tension generated by
unconscious motives and
unresolved childhood
conflicts.

4. PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
 It is a method of investigating and treating
personality disorders and is used in
psychotherapy.
 Things that happen to people during
childhood can contribute to the way they
later function as adults.
 The conscious mind and the unconscious
mind

5. TENETS OF
PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY
The three parts of the personality
(Id, Ego and Superego)
Stages of Development
(Oral, anal, phallic, latency period
and genital)
Defense mechanisms
(Repression, projection, reaction
formation, fixation, regression)

6. EXAMPLES
1. Every time the vehicle she is riding in stops
suddenly, Mrs. Smith panics. She thinks
this is because she was in a car accident
when she was a child, and in each new
situation the fear of another accident
crashes over her like a wave.
2. Jack’s mother left his family when he was a
child. Ever since then, he has had a very
difficult time trusting people because he
is afraid they will abandon him.

7. EXAMPLES
3. The violent behavior of criminals is often
traced to the violent ways they themselves
were treated during their formative years.
4. Amber is 57 years old and is an
accomplished professional, but she never
feels like her work is good enough and is
always afraid that people will be
unhappy with her performance. She
realizes that she might have this outlook
because when she was growing up, her
mother criticized everything she did.

8. EXAMPLES
5. When Melanie graduated from college, she
almost couldn’t believe it. She never thought
she’d do it because the words of her first grade
teacher calling her a failure had always
haunted her.
6. Cheryl had grown up in an abusive home, and
couldn’t wait to get to college to escape from
her parents. She met some wonderful people at
school, but it took her a long time to develop
close friendships because of the trust issues
she had developed as a child and teenager.

9. EXAMPLES
7. Sarah was adopted into a loving family
when she was five. However, for years she
displayed aggressive behavior towards her
adoptive parents and siblings, even though
they were incredibly kind to her. The
adoption specialists advised the family not
to take Sarah’s behavior personally,
explaining that her anger was really
directed at her birth parents and former
foster families for the way she had been
treated.

10. CARL JUNG
 Jung was born in 1875
 His early life was influential in
forming his perceptions of the
psyche and the human
condition.
 Early methods are now
commonplace including his
face-to-face way of working
with clients (as opposed to
the patient lying on a couch
while the analyst sits behind).

11. JUNGIAN ANALYTIC THEORY
Facilitating growth, healing and a new
synthesis of the patient’s personality
at a higher level of functioning.
The overall goal bringing about a
wholeness of the personality through
“individuation”.

12. ADLERIAN COUNSELING
Adlerian theory and practice have
proven especially productive as
applied to the growth and
development of children. Adlerian
believe that "a misbehaving child is
a discouraged child" and that
helping children to feel valued,
significant, and competent is often
the most effective strategy in coping
with difficult child behaviors.

13. ADLERIAN COUNSELING
Self-perceived inferiority
Position in the family constellation
Early experiences of humiliation
Specific physical condition or defect
existed;
Lack of social feeling for others was
present.

14. TENETS OF ADLERIAN
COUNSELING
1. The one dynamic force behind people’s behavior is
the striving for success or superiority.
2. People subjective perceptions shape their
behavior and personality.
3. Personality is unified and self-consistent.
4. The value of all human activity must be seen from
the viewpoint of social interest.
5. The self-consistent personality structure develops
into a person’s style of life.
6. The style of life is molded by people’s creative
power.

15. ALFRED ADLER
See the power of self-
determination
Command the courage
to alter their
interpretation in events
and life experience.
Importance of human
culture and society in
the development of
individual personality.

16. ALFRED ADLER
 Social interest urge in
human nature to adapt
oneself to the conditions of
the social environment.
 Finalism – individuals are
oriented towards goals
that guide their behavior,
many of which cannot be
proven and are judged by
their usefulness.

17. ALFRED ADLER
 Crucial and contemporary
issues as equality, parent
education, and the
influence of birth order,
life style, and the holism
of individuals.
 Adler believed that we all
have one basic desire and
goal: to belong and to feel
significant.

18. ALFRED ADLER
 According to Adler, when we
feel encouraged, we feel
capable and appreciated and
will generally act in a
connected and cooperative
way.
 When we are discouraged,
we may act in unhealthy ways
by competing, withdrawing, or
giving up.
 Expressing and accepting
encouragement, respect, and
social interest that help us
feel fulfilled and optimistic.

19. Words to Ponder