The document discusses mental health and well-being. It defines mental health as having a positive outlook and being able to meet life's challenges. It also discusses self-esteem and how it is formed through feedback from others. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is explained as having five levels: physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Personality, emotions, and defense mechanisms are also overviewed.

1. Mental and
Emotional Health

2. What is Mental Health
 Generally having a positive outlook, being
comfortable with yourself and other, and
being able to meet life’s challenges and
demands.

3. Self-Esteem
 The confidence and worth that you feel
about yourself
 How is it formed?
 Feedback-messages from others that indicate
what they think you are or what they think you
are like
 Self-Talk – feedback from yourself

4. Roadblocks to Mental Health
 All or Nothing Thinking
 Expecting the Worst
 Being a Perfectionist
 Letting your actions or words betray your
values

5. Needs and
Personality

6. Maslow’s Hierarchy
of Needs

7. The Physiological Needs
 The need for:
 Food
 Water
 Shelter
 Clothing

8. Security Need
 The need for social security in a family and
a society that protects against hunger and
violence

9. Love & Belonging Need
 The need for:
 Belonging
 Receiving Love
 Giving Love
 Appreciation
 Friendship

10. Esteem Need
 The need to be a unique individual with
self-respect and to enjoy general esteem
from others

11. Self- Actualization
 Experiencing purpose,
meaning and realizing all
inner potentials

12. Question:
What are the 5 steps of
Maslow's Hierarchy of
Needs?

14. Personality
 A complex set of characteristics that makes you
unique and sets you apart from everyone else.
 Heredity
 Environment
 Personal Behavior
 Two personality types:
 Type A- Competitive, High Achievers
 Type B- Laid-Back

15. Modeling
 Copying the behaviors of those you are
exposed to

16. Emotions

17. What are Emotions?
 Signals that tell your mind and body how to
react. They are neither good nor bad

18. Identifying Emotions
 http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/mind/ Mixed Emotions-
 Mixed Emotions

19. Changes Emotions Cause
 Endorphins can be triggered causing “fight
or Flight” mechanism
 Release of chemicals that cause good
feelings and promote mental health
 Increase in HR, perspiration, tightening of
stomach muscles.

20. Love
 All humans need to give and receive (Maslow)
 Includes strong affection, deep concern, respect,
supporting growth & individual needs, and
respecting that persons boundaries and values
 Ways to express:
 Words, Actions, Facial Expressions, touch, and good
deeds
 Forms:
 Caring for family/friends, loyalty to siblings, deep
connection to your country

21. Empathy
 The ability to imagine
and understand how
someone else feels
 “walk in someone
else’s shoes”
Anger
 A strong feeling of
displeasure

22. Fear
 Physical reaction to a life-threatening
situation.
 Can be rational or irrational (phobias)
 Can be inherited or instilled
 Sympathetic Nervous System-reacts by
preparing your body for necessary actions.

23. Guilt
 An emotional response when you think you
have done something wrong.

24. Handling Emotions
 Ask yourself: What is this feeling really
about? Do I have any control over the
cause?
 Consider whether or not this feeling or
situation will really matter tomorrow, next
week, or next year.
 Remind yourself that feelings are just
feelings.

25. Handling Emotions
 Use positive feelings to inspire you and
upsetting ones to motivate you to change.
 Remember that you are not alone.
 If the feeling doesn’t go away, seek help
from a parent, trusted adult, or professional.

26. Defense Mechanisms
 Repression- Involuntary, unconscious
pushing of unpleasant feelings below the
surface and out of conscious thought
 Suppression- Conscious, intentional
pushing of unpleasantness from one’s mind

27. Defense Mechanisms
 Rationalization- Making excuses to try to
explain a situation or behavior rather than
directly taking responsibility
 Regression- Turning back to behaviors
more characteristic of an earlier stage of
development rather than dealing with
conflict in a mature manner

28. Defense Mechanisms
 Denial- Involuntary lack of
acknowledgement of something in one’s
environment that is obvious to others
 Compensation- Wanting to cover up
weaknesses and mistakes by making them
through gift-giving, hard work, or other
extreme efforts

29. Defense Mechanisms
 Idealization – Seeing someone else as
perfect or more ideal or worthy, than
everyone else.
 Projection- Being unaware of attributing
one’s own feelings or faults to another
person or group even when these attributes
do not apply

30.  Displaced Aggression: taking anger out
on another person or object that was not
involved.