The document discusses convection currents in the Earth's mantle. It first defines heat transfer and the three types: radiation, conduction, and convection. Convection involves the movement of heated fluids and depends on differences in density caused by heating and cooling. Convection currents in the mantle are driven by heat rising from the Earth's core and mantle itself into the asthenosphere.

1. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE

2. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
1. Heat Transfer - The movement of
energy from a warmer object to a
cooler object
Why will this girl
burn her hand if
she touches the
pot?

3. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
2. Types of Heat Transfer - Radiation,
Conduction, and Convection.

4. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
Heat travels from one
object to another.
When your warm hand
touches the ice cube,
some of the heat goes
from your hand to the
ice and begins to melt
it.

5. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
3. Radiation – the transfer of energy through
empty space (ex: sunlight); takes place with
no direct contact between a heat source and
an object

6. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
4. Conduction – heat transfer by direct
contact of particles of matter (ex:
spoon getting hot in pot)

7. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
When you are roasting marshmallows, the stick
can heat up and burn your hand when you touch it
due to conduction.

8. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
5. Convection - heat transfer by the
movement of a heated fluid; heated
particles of fluid begin to flow,
transferring heat energy from one part
of the fluid to another.

9. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
6. Density – A measure of how much mass there is in a volume
of a substance (compactness); decreases as particles are
heated because they occupy more space; increases as
particles cool because they are closer together
Which object is more dense? In other words, which
object has more mass in the given volume?

10. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
7. Convection Current – The flow that
transfers heat within a fluid; set in
motion by the heating and cooling of
the fluid, changes in the fluid’s
density, and gravity; continues as
long as heat is added

11. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE

12. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
How can you
use convection
currents to
explain why
warm air
rises?

13. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
As the hot air rises,
the cool air rushes in
underneath to fill the
space.
As the cool air warms
up, it also rises, and
air currents are
created. The currents
make the convection
curler turn.

14. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE
8. Convection in the Earth’s Mantle –
Heat is from Earth’s core and from the
mantle itself; rises into the
asthenosphere

15. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE

16. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE

17. CONVECTION CURRENTS
& THE MANTLE