This document discusses conceptual and theoretical frameworks in research. A conceptual framework links the main concepts in a study, such as the relationship between motivation and learning. A theoretical framework analyzes and interlinks relevant theories, such as theories of learning and motivation, to explore the research questions. Theoretical frameworks are used to examine how theories drive the objectives of a study, like investigating the impact of teacher motivation on student learning. Concepts, theories, and their interrelationships comprise conceptual and theoretical frameworks.

1. CONCEPTUAL
AND
THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORKS IN RESEARCH
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DIFFERENCE
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khan,
Department of Education,
Hazara University Mansehra
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khan
drmuhammadilyaskhan7@gmail.com

2. Framework
A structure, set
or system of
ideas or
concepts. FRAMEWORK
Conceptual
Analytical
Theoretical
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khan
drmuhammadilyaskhan7@gmail.com

3. Conceptual framework
Concept
A general idea of something.
Example:
Intelligence Personality
Learning Motivation
Conceptual framework in a study
Linking up of the main concepts
Example: Relationship/Interaction of
motivation and learning.
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khan
drmuhammadilyaskhan7@gmail.com

4. Theory and theoretical framework
Theory
A theory may be defined as a more nuanced,
objective or scientific understanding of a concept or
a relationship among concepts. Theories may also be
referred to as models.
Theories of motivation : e.g. Need-based theories;
Process-based theories…
Theories of Learning: e.g. Cognitivist theories;
Behaviourist theories; Constructivist theories…
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khan
drmuhammadilyaskhan7@gmail.com

5. Theory and theoretical framework
Theoretical framework
A process of interlinking and analysing a set of
theories that drive the exploration of research
questions/objectives related to the main
concept(s) in a study.
• Analysis of Theories of Learning and Theories of
Motivation with reference to the central
questions/objectives of a research study.
• E.g. Impact of teacher motivation on student learning.
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khan
drmuhammadilyaskhan7@gmail.com

6. Conceptual and Theoretical Frameworks
Concepts
Theories
Conceptual
and
Theoretical
Frameworks
Learning
---------
Motivation
Theories of Learning
Theories of Motivation
Dr. Muhammad Ilyas Khan
drmuhammadilyaskhan7@gmail.com