This document discusses theories of communicative competence. It describes how communicative competence involves understanding sociocultural contexts and interactive communication. Theories discussed include Paulston and Hymes' notion of linguistic and communicative competence, Cummins' ideas of CALP and BICS, and Canale and Swain's four components of communicative competence: grammatical, discourse, sociolinguistic, and strategic competence. The document also discusses Halliday's seven language functions and how context gives meaning to form and function.

2. Communicative Competence’ s recent
trends have put more attention to language
as interactive communication among
individuals, each with a sociocultural
identity..

3. communicative competence enables us to
convey and interpret messages and to
negotiate meanings interpersonally within
specific contexts.

4. Paulston- Hymes
Linguistic- forms
communicative
competence- knowledge
that enable to
communicate.
James Cummins
CALP- Context-
reduced- forms
BICS- Context-
embedded- face to face
communication.

5. Canale and Swain said that CC has four components:
Grammatical competence: focused on sentence-level
grammar.
Discourse competence: concerned with
intersentential relationships.
Sociolinguistic Competence: knowledge of the
sociocultural rules.
Strategic Competence: verbal and nonverbal
communication strategies to compensate
breakdowns.

6. Strategic competence enhance the effectiveness
of communication or to compensate for
breakdowns. (Swain four years later)
Strategic competence is the way we manipulate
language in order to meet communicative goals.

7. Language competence
Organizational
Competence
Pragmatic
Competence
Gramatical
Competence
Textual
Competence
-Vocabulary
-Morphology
-Syntax
-Phonology/
Graphology
-Cohesion
-Rhetorical
Organization
illuocutionary
Competence
Sociolinguistic
Competence
-Ideational
Funtions
-Manipulative
Funtions
-Heuristic
Funtions
-Imaginative
Funtions
-Sensitivity to
Dialectic of
Variety
-Sensitivity to
Register
- Sensitivity to
Naturalness
-Cultural
references and
figures of speech
Abilitytomanipulatelanguage
Thepurposethatweaccomplish
withthatlanguage

8. KNOWLEDGE
STRUCTURES
Knowledge of the
World
LANGUAGE
COMPETENCE
Knowledge of the
language
STRATEGIC
COMPETENCE
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL
MECHANISMS
CONTEXT
OF
SITUATION

9. Halliday´s seven function
The instrumental : manipulate the environment.
The regulatory: to control of the situation.
The representational : as one sees it.
The interactional: to ensure social maintenance.
The personal: to express feelings, emotions, personality.
The heuristic: involves language used to acquire knowledge, to
learn about the environment
The imaginative: to create imaginary systems or ideas.

10. A single sentence or conversation might incorporate
many different functions simultaneously.

11. Curricula were organized around different functions: identifying,
reporting, denying, declining an invitation, asking permission,
apologizing, etc. Now it is referred to as functional syllabuses.
(Van EK and Alexander 1975)
Berns went on to show how context is the real key to giving meaning
to both form and function.

12. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!
It has been a nice opportunity to share our ideas with
you. We hope it has been a meaningful experience for
you as it has been for us.
PATRICIA CUBILLOS MUÑOZ
DIANA MARCELA ESCOBAR