The document discusses various aspects of communication including its meaning, functions, methods, barriers, and types. It defines communication as the act of giving, receiving, and sharing information through talking, writing, listening, and reading. The main functions of communication are listed as control, motivation, emotional expression, and sharing information. Key methods include verbal, non-verbal, written, listening, and visual communication. Barriers to effective communication can be language, organizational, psychological, emotional, or physical. The document also distinguishes between formal communication like meetings and informal communication like casual conversations between coworkers.

1. COMMUNICATION

2. MEANING
Communication is the act of giving, receiving, and
sharing information -- in other words, talking or
writing, and listening or reading. Good communicators
listen carefully, speak or write clearly, and respect
different opinions.
COMMUNICATION

3. FUNCTION OF
COMMUNICATION
• control
• motivation
• emotional expression
• information

4. 1.Control-Control as a function of communication means being able
to use language, gestures, and emotions to manage individual or
group activities.
2.Motivation-this is used to power up preferences, desires.
needs,wants, decisions, goals, and strengths.
3.Emotional expression-facilitates people’s expression of their
feelings and emotions.
4.information-This function is used for grabbing and sharing
information.

5. METHODSOF
COMMUNICATION
1. Verbal communication
2. Non-verbal
communication
3. Written communication
4. Listening
5. Visual communication

6. 1. Verbal communication
Verbal communication occurs when we engage in
speaking with others. It can be face-to-face, over the
telephone, via Skype or Zoom, etc. Some verbal
engagements are informal, such as chatting with a friend
over coffee or in the office kitchen, while others are more
formal, such as a scheduled meeting.
2. NON-VERBALCOMMUNICATION
Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions,
posture, eye contact, hand movements, and touch. For
example, if you’re engaged in conversation with your
boss about your cost-saving idea, it is important to pay
attention to both the their words and their non-verbal
communication. Your boss might be in agreement with
your idea verbally, but their nonverbal cues: avoiding
eye contact, sighing, scrunched up face, etc. indicate
something different.

7. 3. WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
WHETHERIT IS AN EMAIL,A MEMO, A REPORT,A FACEBOOKPOST,A TWEET,A CONTRACT,ETC.
ALL FORMS OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION HAVE THE SAME GOAL TO DISSEMINATE
INFORMATIONIN A CLEARAND CONCISEMANNER
4. LISTENING
THE ACT OF LISTENING DOES NOT OFTEN MAKE ITS WAYONTO THE LIST OF TYPES OF
COMMUNICATION.ACTIVELISTENING,HOWEVER,IS PERHAPSONEOFTHEMOSTIMPORTANTTYPES
OFCOMMUNICATION BECAUSEIFWECANNOT LISTENTOTHEPERSONSITTINGACROSSFROMUS,WE
CANNOT EFFECTIVELYENGAGEWITH THEM.
5. VISUALCOMMUNICATION
We are a visual society. Think about it, televisions are running 24/7, Facebook is visual with
memes, videos, images, etc., Instagram is an image-only platform, and advertisers use imagery to
sell products and ideas. Think about from a personal perspective – the images we post on social
media are meant to convey meaning – to communicate a message. In some cases that message
might be, look at me, I’m in Italy or I just won an award.

8. BARRIERSIN EFFECTIVECOMMUNICATION
1.Language or semantic barrier
2. Organisational barrier
3. Psychological or emotional barrier
4.physical barriers

9. 1.LANGUAGEORSEMANTIC BARRIER
• LACKOFCOMMON LANGUAGE
DIFFERENTCONTEXTFORWORDSAND SYMBOLS
•
• POOR VOCABULARY
2. ORGANISATIONAL BARRIER
• ORGANISATIONALPOLICIES
RULESAND REGULATIONS
STATUS
COMPLEXITYIN ORGANISATIONALSTRUCTURE
•
•
•
• ORGANISATIONALFACILITIES
3. PSYCHOLOGICALOR EMOTIONAL BARRIER
•
•
•
•
•
LACK OFATTENTION
POOR RETENTION
EMOTIONS
STATUSCONSCIOUSNESS
DISTRUSTAND DEFENSIVENESS

10. 4.PHYSICALBARRIER
•
•
•
•
•
NOISE
TIME
DISTANCE
AGE
GENDERDISTRACTIONS

11. FORMAL
COMMUNICATION
AND
INFORMAL
COMMUNICATION

12. FORMALANDINFORMAL
COMMUNICATION
Formal communication is, typically, conveyed from the top leadership to various
departments and employees. Usually, every organization follows a procedure for formal
conversation. Think about the annual meetings or even team meetings that your
manager calls for. These are examples of formal communication.
However, there is no predetermined structure for informal communication in any
organization. So what is informal communication all about? To start with, it helps create
and maintain a relationship among colleagues. For instance, consider those chats with
your coworkers about the latest movies over a cup of coffee.
Informal communication can also play a much larger role than just generating friendly
chatter. This form of communication can be very useful in resolving a conflict between
the employees and the management.

14. TYPESOFFORMALCOMMUNICATION:
1. VERTICAL
Here, the communication is held between different organizational levels. So the
message is either transferred from the juniors to the team leads to the manager or
vice-versa.
2. HORIZONTAL OR LATERAL
This is the communication that happens between peers from different departments.
3. CROSSWISEOR DIAGONAL
As the name suggests, here the conversation takes place between two employees
working at different levels in different departments. For example, a website
developer discussing a project with a sales manager can be categorized as
crosswise or diagonal communication.

15. TYPESOFINFORMALCOMMUNICATION:
1. SINGLE STRAND CHAIN
This is the type of communication where A shares an idea or information with B, who then
passes it to C, and so on.
2. CLUSTER CHAIN
Have you ever noticed how a social media challenge becomes viral? People start something
unique and tag, say, three friends for the challenge. They complete the challenge and tag
three more people each, and so on. That’s how a cluster chain communication is formed
and continues.
3. GOSSIP CHAIN
Think of the college canteen conversations, where one person vividly describes her recent
adventures to a group of friends gathered around the table to listen. That’s how the gossip
chain works. One person initiates the conversation and shares information with a group of
people, who then pass on the information to more people.