This document defines and discusses the concept of controlling in management. It provides definitions of controlling from various authors and outlines the nature, importance, elements of the control cycle, differences between planning and control, the controlling process, and types of control. In summary: Controlling involves comparing actual performance to planned performance, identifying deviations, and taking corrective actions to ensure goals are met. It is an ongoing process that helps achieve objectives, improve performance and quality, and adapt to changes. The control cycle establishes goals, plans, compares performance, provides feedback, and evaluates results.

1. CONTROLLING
Made by
Sadhana Banerji
Assistant Professor

2. Meaning: Controlling function can be defined as
comparison of actual performance with the
planned performance. If there is any difference
or deviation then finding the reasons for such
difference and taking corrective measure or
action to stop those reasons so that in future
there is match between actual and planned
performance.
Definitions: “Controlling is determining what has
been accomplished, i.e. , evaluating the
performance and, if necessary, apply corrective
measures so that performance takes place
according to plans.” Terry and Franklin
CONTROLLING

3. “Controlling consists of verifying whether
everything occur in conformity with the plans
adopted, the instruction issued and the principles
established. It has for its object to point out
weaknesses and errors in order to rectify them
and prevent recurrence.”- Henri Fayol
“ Controlling is measurement and correction of the
performance of the subordinates to make sure
that the enterprise objectives and plans devised
them to attained them are being accomplished.”
Koontz and O’Donnell
CONTROLLING

4. Nature Of Controlling
a) Controlling is a positive force
b) Control is based on planning
c) Control is all pervasive function
d) Control is a continuous process
e) Delegation is an essence of control
f) Control aims at future
g) Control has an objective

5. Importance & significance of controlling
 Helps in achieving organizational goals.
 Helps in adopting environmental changes.
 Helps in coping with complexities of
organisation.
 Helps in improving the quality.
 Controlling helps in financial matters.
 Controlling helps in improving the
performance the employees.
 Controlling helps in maintaining or improving
sales.
 Controlling helps in minimizing the errors.

6. Control Cycle
FEEDBACK
GOALS ACTION PLAN
RESOURCE
ALLOCATION
PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION
AUTHORITY
DELIGATION
PERFORMANCE
COMPARISION

7. Elements or features of Control Cycle
1. Objectives or Goals
2. Action Plans
3. Resource Allocation
4. Authority delegation
5. Performance Comparison
6. Performance evaluation
7. Feedback

8. Planning Vs Control
 It emphasis on
personal, long range
problems.
 Less structured
 Use range & estimates.
 Top executives share
more time on planning
 Evaluation of results
difficult, & takes longer
time to determine.
 It emphasis on
personal concrete,
immediate problems
 More structured
 More rely on
measurable data from
specific cases.
 Operative & lower
level personnel involve
on activities of
control.
 It measures the
performance & results
& also find its variance
if it exist.

9. CONTROLLING PROCESS

10. Elements of Controlling Process
 Establishment of Standards
 Evaluating Performance
 Compare Actual Vs Standard
Performance
 Analyse Cause of Deviation
 Taking Corrective Actions
 Feedback

11. Types of Control
1. Feedback Control
2. Concurrent Control
3. Feed forward Control

12. Feedback Control ( Post
Control)
 It is a post mortem examination of
events ,the purpose of which is to
improve performance in future.

13. Concurrent Control
 Control that consists of activities to
ensure they are consistent with
standards.

14. Feed forward control
 It is the intelligent anticipation of
problems and their timely
prevention, rather than –the –fact
reaction.