1) After WWII, Europe was divided between the Soviet-controlled Eastern bloc and the US-influenced Western bloc. 2) The US sought to contain Soviet expansion through policies like the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, and alliances like NATO. 3) The Cold War expanded to Asia, with the Soviets backing Mao's China and the US supporting Chiang Kai-shek in Taiwan and consolidating control of Japan. The Korean War further escalated tensions.