The document outlines key historical events and policies from the post-World War II era to the end of the Cold War, emphasizing the Marshall Plan, the Truman Doctrine, and the Korean War. It highlights the escalation of military strategies, such as the Eisenhower Doctrine and the adoption of nuclear deterrence, as well as significant crises like the Cuban Missile Crisis and the Vietnam War. The summary concludes with the impacts of détente, the collapse of the Soviet empire, and the eventual fall of the Berlin Wall.

1. Adjunct Professor Joe Boisvert
Class 4
Gulf Coast State College Encore

2.  * The Marshall Plan - Marshall Plan: Cost:
$12.7 billion, Inflation Adjusted Cost: $115.3
billion - By 1952 as the funding ended, the
economy of every participant state had
surpassed pre-war levels
 * The Truman Doctrine-policy of
containment
 * Communist takeover of Czechoslovakia
 * Berlin Blockade-Airlift
 * Korean Conflict - Korean War: Cost: $54
billion, Inflation Adjusted Cost: $454 billion

4. Western Europe began to
recover from war, and
although Marshall made
efforts to include the
Soviet Union and Eastern
Europe in the recovery,
his design was rejected
by Moscow.
November 1945, and
George C. Marshall, had
been Army Chief of
Staff
for sixty-two months

5.  * Eisenhower-doctrine of Massive
Retaliation
 * 3 rd Armored Division activated
 * West Germany enters NATO-doctrine of
Forward Defense
 * Formation of the Warsaw Pact

6.  This policy sought to counter the growing
Soviet threat.
 It viewed nuclear weapons as a means of
deterring war and as a first recourse should
deterrence fail.
 The premise of the policy was that if the
Soviet Union attacked Europe, the United
States would use tactical nuclear weapons to
blunt the assault.
 In addition, Strategic Air Command would be
used to destroy the Soviet heartland with
strategic nuclear weapons.

12. The Soviet Union and seven of its European
satellites sign a treaty establishing the Warsaw
Pact, a mutual defense organization that put
the Soviets in command of the armed forces of
the member states.

13.  * 3rd Armor Division deploys to West
Germany
* Hungarian revolution crushed
* Suez Crisis Alert
* Lebanon crisis
* Khrushchev demands U.S. troops
leave Berlin
 * Castro takes over in Cuba

14.  * Bay of Pigs
 * Kennedy increases military budgets-
presses for doctrine of Flexible
Response
 * Berlin border closed-construction of
Berlin Wall
 * Cuban Missile Crisis
 * JFK Assassination
 * Gulf of Tonkin Resolution-Vietnam
War

18. In the summer of 1962, Nikita Khrushchev
secretly decided to install ballistic missiles in
Cuba.

20.  * Vietnam War strips resources from
USAREUR
 * Warsaw Pact troops crush Czech revolt
 * NATO adopts Flexible Response Doctrine
 * Willi Brandt's Ostpolitik-Detente

21.  "Peace, like freedom, is no original state which
existed from the start; we shall have to make it,
in the truest sense of the word."
 "Peace is something more than the absence of
war, although some nations would be thankful
for that alone today. A durable and equitable
peace system requires equal development
opportunities for all nations.
 May all those who possess the power to wage war
have the mastery of reason to maintain peace.


23.  * SALT I
 * Nixon resigns
 * Vietnam War ends

24.  * SALT II
 * Iranian Hostage Crisis
 * Ronald Reagan initiates massive build-up
of U.S. Forces
 * Mikhail Gorbachev launches policy of
openness in Soviet Union
 * Soviet empire collapses
 * Berlin Wall falls
 * CFE Treaty initiated-planning starts for
reduction of conventional forces in Europe