A comprehensive explanation of the Tehran Conference 1943, suitable for A2 students in History, containing: leaders, peace conferences Second World War, other conferences, the outcome, conference decisions, Operation Overlord, concessions for the Soviet Union, plans for the formation of the United Nations, the assassination plot.

1. HISTORY CAMBRIDGE A2
PAPER 3
PRESENTATION 2
COLD WAR
TEHERAN CONFERENCE

2. From left to right:
Joseph Stalin,
Franklin D.
Roosevelt, and
Winston Churchill
on the portico of
the Russian
Embassy during the
Tehran Conference
to discuss the
European Theatre
in 1943.
Churchill is shown
in the uniform of a
Royal Air Force air
commodore.

3. THE FIRST WORLD WAR2 CONFERENCE
The Tehran Conference was named Eureka and it was a strategy
meeting of Stalin, Roosevelt, and Churchill from 28 November to 1
December 1943.
It was held in the Soviet Union's embassy in Tehran, Iran.
It was the first of the World War II conferences of the "Big Three"
Allied leaders (the Soviet Union, the United States, and the United
Kingdom).

4. OTHER CONFERENCES
It closely followed the Cairo Conference which had taken place on
22–26 November 1943, and preceded the 1945 Yalta and Potsdam
conferences.

5. THE OUTCOME
Western Allies' commitment to open a second front against Nazi
Germany.
Addressed the Allies' relations with Turkey and Iran, operations in
Yugoslavia and against Japan, and the post-war settlement.
A separate protocol signed at the conference pledged to recognize
Iran's independence.

6. CONFERENCE DECISIONS
The Yugoslav Partisans should be supported by supplies and
equipment/commando operations.
Turkey should come into war on the side of the Allies before the end
of 1943.
If Turkey found herself at war with Germany, and as a result Bulgaria
declared war on Turkey, the Soviet Union would immediately be at
war with Bulgaria.

7. OPERATION OVERLORD
The most notable achievements of the Conference focused on the next
phases of the war against the Axis powers in Europe and Asia.
Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin committed to launching Operation
Overlord, an invasion of northern France, to be executed by May of 1944.
The Soviet forces would launch an offensive at about the same time
preventing the German forces from transferring from the Eastern to the
Western Front.

8. CONCESSIONS FOR SOVIET UNION
Stalin also agreed that the Soviet Union would declare war against
Japan following an Allied victory over Germany.
In exchange for a Soviet declaration of war against Japan, Roosevelt
conceded to Stalin’s demands for the Kurile Islands and the southern
half of Sakhalin, and access to the ice-free ports of Dairen and Port
Arthur, located on the Liaodong Peninsula in northern China.
The exact details concerning this deal were not finalized, however,
until the Yalta Conference of 1945.

9. PLANS FOR UNITED NATIONS
Broader international cooperation also became a central theme of the
negotiations at Tehran. Roosevelt and Stalin privately discussed the composition
of the United Nations.
During the Moscow Conference of the Foreign Ministers in October and
November of 1943, the United States, Britain, China, and the Soviet Union had
signed a four-power declaration whose fourth point called for the creation of a
“general international organization” designed to promote “international peace
and security.”
At Tehran, Roosevelt outlined for Stalin his vision of the proposed organization in
which the future United Nations would be dominated by “four policemen” (the
United States, Britain, China, and Soviet Union) who “would have the power to
deal immediately with any threat to the peace and any sudden emergency
which requires action.”

10. ASSASSINATION PLOT
According to Soviet reports, German agents planned to kill the Big Three
leaders at the Tehran Conference, but called off the assassination while it
was still in the planning stage.
Western intelligence dismissed the existence of this plot.
Otto Skorzeny, the alleged leader of the operation, claimed that Hitler had
dismissed the idea as unworkable before planning had even begun.
The topic continues to be a theme of Russian historians.