Climate change poses serious risks to children's health globally and in Sri Lanka. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and sea level rise are exacerbating health issues like diarrheal diseases, respiratory illnesses, and dengue. Sri Lankan children are especially vulnerable due to increased heat, floods, droughts, and growth of vector-borne diseases. The government has created adaptation strategies but more needs to be done to strengthen disaster response, disease surveillance, nutrition, and build climate resilience in children. Mitigation through carbon emission reduction on a global scale can help limit future health impacts.