The document discusses how climate change poses an existential threat and that mitigation efforts alone will not be enough to address the problem. It argues that internet and information technology will need to help societies adapt to the unavoidable impacts of climate change through the development of renewable energy powered networks and applications that can survive increasing droughts, floods and other disruptions. Specifically, it envisions national research and education networks being built to follow available wind and solar power through technologies like cloud computing in order to maintain critical services as traditional energy infrastructure is compromised by climate change.
This document discusses how climate change poses an existential threat and how information and communication technologies (ICT) and networks can help societies adapt and survive. Rapid warming is already causing severe impacts like droughts and flooding that will disrupt energy systems and infrastructure. To adapt, networks must be designed to operate on renewable energy sources like wind and solar, even relocating facilities to remote locations with clean power. This represents an opportunity for innovation in areas like follow-the-sun computing across data centers. National research and education networks (NRENs) can act as cloud brokers to facilitate such distributed computing on green infrastructure.
This document discusses the urgent need to address climate change through reducing carbon emissions, especially from information and communication technologies (ICT). It notes that ICT carbon emissions are growing rapidly and will account for 40% of energy use by 2030 if unchecked. Transitioning to renewable energy powered "green" networks and data centers is essential to achieving necessary emissions reductions. The document advocates building smart systems that can adapt to the intermittent availability of renewable power sources like wind and solar.
The document discusses building the world's first "5G" wireless network that would be powered by renewable energy sources. Key points include:
- Over 100,000 cell phone towers would be powered by renewable sources like wind and solar by 2012.
- Existing 3G and 4G networks cannot handle increasing data loads, so a 5G network is needed to offload data to the nearest node or tower.
- New WiFi standards would allow data to be handed off between 3G networks and WiFi nodes, many of which could also be powered by renewable sources.
Nobel Laureate Mario Molina spoke about the impact of energy on climate change at the Joint Public Advisory Committee's public forum on Greening North America's Energy Economy in Calgary on 24 April 2013. More at: http://cec.org/jpacenergy
This document discusses how climate change poses an existential threat and how information and communication technologies (ICT) and networks can help societies adapt and survive. Rapid warming is already causing severe impacts like droughts and flooding that will disrupt energy systems and infrastructure. To adapt, networks must be designed to operate on renewable energy sources like wind and solar, even relocating facilities to remote locations with clean power. This represents an opportunity for innovation in areas like follow-the-sun computing across data centers. National research and education networks (NRENs) can act as cloud brokers to facilitate such distributed computing on green infrastructure.
This document discusses the urgent need to address climate change through reducing carbon emissions, especially from information and communication technologies (ICT). It notes that ICT carbon emissions are growing rapidly and will account for 40% of energy use by 2030 if unchecked. Transitioning to renewable energy powered "green" networks and data centers is essential to achieving necessary emissions reductions. The document advocates building smart systems that can adapt to the intermittent availability of renewable power sources like wind and solar.
The document discusses building the world's first "5G" wireless network that would be powered by renewable energy sources. Key points include:
- Over 100,000 cell phone towers would be powered by renewable sources like wind and solar by 2012.
- Existing 3G and 4G networks cannot handle increasing data loads, so a 5G network is needed to offload data to the nearest node or tower.
- New WiFi standards would allow data to be handed off between 3G networks and WiFi nodes, many of which could also be powered by renewable sources.
Nobel Laureate Mario Molina spoke about the impact of energy on climate change at the Joint Public Advisory Committee's public forum on Greening North America's Energy Economy in Calgary on 24 April 2013. More at: http://cec.org/jpacenergy
This document summarizes a newsletter from the National Center for Public Policy Research discussing the upcoming debate on global warming in the US Senate. It provides background on expected amendments and highlights quotes and analyses challenging the scientific consensus on human-caused global warming. The summary focuses on the key points made rather than verbatim reproduction of text.
Digital Transformations Over the Next Decade in Energy and the EnvironmentLarry Smarr
11.10.04
The New Science of Management in a Rapidly Changing World
PwC's DiamondExchange
Title: Digital Transformations Over the Next Decade in Energy and the Environment
Tucson, AZ
Political Economy and Abrupt Climate ChangeIJRTEMJOURNAL
The theory of abrupt climate change shortens the time span for global decarbonisation,
according to the scheme adopted in the Paris 2015 Agreement. To avoid catastrophe wit climate chaos and huge
sea level rise, the COP21 must e reinforced and implemented now. The arrival of two positive feedback loops,
Arctic sea melting and methane emission for melting permafrost, push temperature higher on the Keeling curve.
Without global coordination, global warming is on its way to become unstoppable – Hawking’s irreversibilty
Toward a Climate Literate, Energy Aware, Science Savvy SocietyClaus Berg
The Essential Principles of Climate Science Literacy. Presentation given at the ICE2009 (Inspiring Climate Education) Conference in Copenhagen, Oct. 2009. By Mark S. McCaffrey, Associate Scientist III,
The Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES),
University of Colorado at Boulder, USA.
Uploaded by Claus Berg by permission from Mark S. McCaffrey.
The document discusses the growing threat of climate change and global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions. It notes that information and communication technology (ICT) contributes a significant amount of emissions similar to the aviation industry. Some universities are exploring more sustainable computational architectures like distributed data centers and high-speed optical networks to reduce emissions from research activities. The document highlights specific projects at UC San Diego and other universities that aim to transition infrastructure to zero-carbon systems and lower overall campus carbon footprints through green transportation, building energy monitoring, and other initiatives.
L. Hunter Lovins at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conferenceiaenvironment
L. Hunter Lovins delivered the keynote address at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conference, "Finding Iowa's Way: Economic Solutions for a Healthier Environment," held October 4, 2012, in Des Moines.
Interrelation between Climate Change and Lightning and its Impacts on Power S...IOSR Journals
Climate change is expected to increase lightning activity, posing risks to the power sector. A warmer climate could lead to fewer but more intense thunderstorms, increasing flash floods, wildfires, and damage to power infrastructure from lightning strikes. This would likely cause more blackouts. As lightning activity rises with climate change, utilities must invest in strategies to adapt operations and strengthen transmission infrastructure to manage these new risks. Developing accurate climate and lightning databases could help utilities better forecast hazards and mitigate impacts on the power grid.
How are key life support systems in the land-food-water-energy nexus impacted...ipcc-media
The document summarizes a presentation on how key life support systems related to land, food, water, and energy are impacted by climate change and response options. It notes that impacts and risks will increase in all categories under climate change. It discusses regional differences, with Africa facing heavy risks from sea level rise under 1.5 and 2 degree warming scenarios. The presentation examines adaptation and mitigation options in these sectors and their synergies and trade-offs with sustainable development goals. Specific adaptation options discussed include risk sharing programs, agricultural adaptations, human migration, climate services, water adaptations, and ecosystem-based approaches.
Boom Or Bust Climate One (Dan Miller 11 11) 1franciefinn
This document summarizes the risks of climate change and opportunities for action. It discusses how climate change poses severe risks like droughts, sea level rise, and extreme weather. While some impacts are already occurring, failing to act could lead to worse consequences like mass shortages of food and water. The document also reviews why climate change is difficult for societies to address and provides suggestions for individuals, countries, and economic policies to enact like pricing carbon and investing in renewable energy. It argues that transitioning to low-carbon energy presents major economic opportunities through new jobs and industries if societies take action within the next five years.
The document provides an overview of alternative energy. It defines alternative energy as coming from sources that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment. It discusses why alternative energy is important today due to issues like climate change from CO2 emissions and peak oil. The document then covers various alternative energy technologies like wind and solar power, how they work, and what is holding further development back. It encourages readers to learn more and get involved to help transition to more sustainable energy sources.
The document discusses challenges and opportunities for renewable energy in developing nations in the context of climate change. It outlines how developing nations face significant impacts from climate change but have limited ability to mitigate impacts or transition to renewable energy due to financial and technical constraints. However, renewable energy represents an opportunity for inclusive sustainable growth. The document discusses policy, technological, financial, and management issues developing nations face in promoting renewable energy projects and calls for international support to address these challenges.
Professor Lesley Hughes - IPCC climate science briefing eventAustralianParentsfor
Leading Australian climate scientist Professor Lesley Hughes – a former IPCC author – presentation about the latest IPCC AR6 Report, and how we can use the report to help shepherd a safe future for our children. We will help you feel confident to talk about climate science, grasp the solutions and know how to get involved.
Professor Lesley Hughes is Distinguished Professor of Biology and Pro Vice-Chancellor (Research Integrity & Development) at Macquarie University. She has been researching the impacts of climate change on species and ecosystems for more than 20 years. She is a former Lead Author in the IPCC’s 4th and 5th Assessment Report, a former federal Climate Commissioner and now a Councillor with the Climate Council of Australia. She is also a member of the Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists and a Director of WWF-Australia.
This document discusses the debate around climate change and global warming. It presents perspectives from both sides of the debate, including skepticism of the science from some politicians and acceptance of the human role from some businesses. It also summarizes the "Climategate" controversy involving hacked emails from a climate research unit. While some used the emails to argue the science is disproven, the rebuttal is that nothing in the emails undermines the established science that global warming is occurring and human-caused. The document provides context around the political debate through various quotes and sources.
This document discusses teaching about global climate change using emission scenarios. It focuses on the A1F1 emission scenario, which predicts rapid economic growth fueled by fossil fuels. The document provides background on the scenario and evidence it could occur, as well as uncertainties. It also offers STEM resources from NASA for teaching about climate change, including interactive tools, lessons, and data.
Climate Change Extremes: Increasing Wildfires & HurricanesPaul H. Carr
1. CLIMATE CHANGE EXTREMES: INCREASING FOREST FIRES AND HURRICANES
2. CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE:
CO2 from fossil fuel burning is warming our Earth via the Greenhouse effect
3. WHAT WE CAN DO IMMEDIATELY:
A more vegetarian diet.
Attorneys general from 11 states sent a letter to President Bush calling on him to address the growing threat of global warming. The letter criticizes the administration for failing to create a national policy to curb emissions from automobiles and power plants. While applauding a recent report detailing the seriousness of global warming, the attorneys general argue the administration has not proposed an adequate plan. The letter pushes for a cap on carbon dioxide emissions and increased fuel efficiency standards.
This document surveys potential future energy sources that could supply large amounts of carbon emission-free energy to stabilize global climate change. It analyzes options like solar, wind, biomass, nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, fossil fuels with carbon sequestration, hydrogen production and storage, and geoengineering. However, it concludes that currently all these approaches have deficiencies that limit their ability to stabilize the climate and that intensive research is urgently needed to develop technological options that allow both climate stabilization and economic development.
Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham will unveil the "Climate VISION" initiative on February 12th to recognize major initiatives by energy-intensive industries to meet President Bush's goal of reducing greenhouse gas intensity. EPA Administrator Whitman, Secretaries Veneman and Jackson, and CEQ Chairman Connaughton will join Abraham to announce the initiative, which responds to Bush's 2002 call for businesses to undertake broader efforts to address climate change.
This document discusses using emission scenarios to teach about global climate change. It focuses on the A1F1 scenario, which predicts rapid economic growth fueled by fossil fuels. Evidence that supports and contradicts this scenario is provided. Resources for teaching about scenarios include the IPCC reports and NASA materials. STEM lessons and tools like the Climate Time Machine can engage students in learning about causes, effects, and solutions to climate change.
FICCI-IIFA Global Business Forum Presentation (April 24, 2014)Laura Lee Dooley
1) Human influence on climate change is clear, with 95% certainty that human activity has been the dominant cause of warming since 1950.
2) The climate is unequivocally warming, with the last three decades the warmest in recorded history and increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases.
3) Limiting future climate change will require substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions through strategies like improving energy efficiency, transitioning to renewable energy, and deploying carbon capture and storage.
Cisco's Green Story for Greening Greater TorontoRick Huijbregts
The document discusses Cisco's commitment to environmental sustainability. It describes Cisco's green vision of using connectivity and collaboration technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It outlines Cisco's goals to reduce its own operational footprint through energy efficiency, waste reduction, and green power purchasing initiatives. It also discusses how Cisco is developing greener solutions to help customers lower their IT energy usage and environmental impacts.
The document discusses green building concepts and realities, covering topics like why green building is important due to issues like greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. It also addresses building efficiency, green energy, green information and communication technology (ICT), and reducing travel. The introduction defines green as being environmentally friendly.
This document summarizes a newsletter from the National Center for Public Policy Research discussing the upcoming debate on global warming in the US Senate. It provides background on expected amendments and highlights quotes and analyses challenging the scientific consensus on human-caused global warming. The summary focuses on the key points made rather than verbatim reproduction of text.
Digital Transformations Over the Next Decade in Energy and the EnvironmentLarry Smarr
11.10.04
The New Science of Management in a Rapidly Changing World
PwC's DiamondExchange
Title: Digital Transformations Over the Next Decade in Energy and the Environment
Tucson, AZ
Political Economy and Abrupt Climate ChangeIJRTEMJOURNAL
The theory of abrupt climate change shortens the time span for global decarbonisation,
according to the scheme adopted in the Paris 2015 Agreement. To avoid catastrophe wit climate chaos and huge
sea level rise, the COP21 must e reinforced and implemented now. The arrival of two positive feedback loops,
Arctic sea melting and methane emission for melting permafrost, push temperature higher on the Keeling curve.
Without global coordination, global warming is on its way to become unstoppable – Hawking’s irreversibilty
Toward a Climate Literate, Energy Aware, Science Savvy SocietyClaus Berg
The Essential Principles of Climate Science Literacy. Presentation given at the ICE2009 (Inspiring Climate Education) Conference in Copenhagen, Oct. 2009. By Mark S. McCaffrey, Associate Scientist III,
The Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES),
University of Colorado at Boulder, USA.
Uploaded by Claus Berg by permission from Mark S. McCaffrey.
The document discusses the growing threat of climate change and global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions. It notes that information and communication technology (ICT) contributes a significant amount of emissions similar to the aviation industry. Some universities are exploring more sustainable computational architectures like distributed data centers and high-speed optical networks to reduce emissions from research activities. The document highlights specific projects at UC San Diego and other universities that aim to transition infrastructure to zero-carbon systems and lower overall campus carbon footprints through green transportation, building energy monitoring, and other initiatives.
L. Hunter Lovins at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conferenceiaenvironment
L. Hunter Lovins delivered the keynote address at the Iowa Environmental Council's annual conference, "Finding Iowa's Way: Economic Solutions for a Healthier Environment," held October 4, 2012, in Des Moines.
Interrelation between Climate Change and Lightning and its Impacts on Power S...IOSR Journals
Climate change is expected to increase lightning activity, posing risks to the power sector. A warmer climate could lead to fewer but more intense thunderstorms, increasing flash floods, wildfires, and damage to power infrastructure from lightning strikes. This would likely cause more blackouts. As lightning activity rises with climate change, utilities must invest in strategies to adapt operations and strengthen transmission infrastructure to manage these new risks. Developing accurate climate and lightning databases could help utilities better forecast hazards and mitigate impacts on the power grid.
How are key life support systems in the land-food-water-energy nexus impacted...ipcc-media
The document summarizes a presentation on how key life support systems related to land, food, water, and energy are impacted by climate change and response options. It notes that impacts and risks will increase in all categories under climate change. It discusses regional differences, with Africa facing heavy risks from sea level rise under 1.5 and 2 degree warming scenarios. The presentation examines adaptation and mitigation options in these sectors and their synergies and trade-offs with sustainable development goals. Specific adaptation options discussed include risk sharing programs, agricultural adaptations, human migration, climate services, water adaptations, and ecosystem-based approaches.
Boom Or Bust Climate One (Dan Miller 11 11) 1franciefinn
This document summarizes the risks of climate change and opportunities for action. It discusses how climate change poses severe risks like droughts, sea level rise, and extreme weather. While some impacts are already occurring, failing to act could lead to worse consequences like mass shortages of food and water. The document also reviews why climate change is difficult for societies to address and provides suggestions for individuals, countries, and economic policies to enact like pricing carbon and investing in renewable energy. It argues that transitioning to low-carbon energy presents major economic opportunities through new jobs and industries if societies take action within the next five years.
The document provides an overview of alternative energy. It defines alternative energy as coming from sources that do not deplete natural resources or harm the environment. It discusses why alternative energy is important today due to issues like climate change from CO2 emissions and peak oil. The document then covers various alternative energy technologies like wind and solar power, how they work, and what is holding further development back. It encourages readers to learn more and get involved to help transition to more sustainable energy sources.
The document discusses challenges and opportunities for renewable energy in developing nations in the context of climate change. It outlines how developing nations face significant impacts from climate change but have limited ability to mitigate impacts or transition to renewable energy due to financial and technical constraints. However, renewable energy represents an opportunity for inclusive sustainable growth. The document discusses policy, technological, financial, and management issues developing nations face in promoting renewable energy projects and calls for international support to address these challenges.
Professor Lesley Hughes - IPCC climate science briefing eventAustralianParentsfor
Leading Australian climate scientist Professor Lesley Hughes – a former IPCC author – presentation about the latest IPCC AR6 Report, and how we can use the report to help shepherd a safe future for our children. We will help you feel confident to talk about climate science, grasp the solutions and know how to get involved.
Professor Lesley Hughes is Distinguished Professor of Biology and Pro Vice-Chancellor (Research Integrity & Development) at Macquarie University. She has been researching the impacts of climate change on species and ecosystems for more than 20 years. She is a former Lead Author in the IPCC’s 4th and 5th Assessment Report, a former federal Climate Commissioner and now a Councillor with the Climate Council of Australia. She is also a member of the Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists and a Director of WWF-Australia.
This document discusses the debate around climate change and global warming. It presents perspectives from both sides of the debate, including skepticism of the science from some politicians and acceptance of the human role from some businesses. It also summarizes the "Climategate" controversy involving hacked emails from a climate research unit. While some used the emails to argue the science is disproven, the rebuttal is that nothing in the emails undermines the established science that global warming is occurring and human-caused. The document provides context around the political debate through various quotes and sources.
This document discusses teaching about global climate change using emission scenarios. It focuses on the A1F1 emission scenario, which predicts rapid economic growth fueled by fossil fuels. The document provides background on the scenario and evidence it could occur, as well as uncertainties. It also offers STEM resources from NASA for teaching about climate change, including interactive tools, lessons, and data.
Climate Change Extremes: Increasing Wildfires & HurricanesPaul H. Carr
1. CLIMATE CHANGE EXTREMES: INCREASING FOREST FIRES AND HURRICANES
2. CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE:
CO2 from fossil fuel burning is warming our Earth via the Greenhouse effect
3. WHAT WE CAN DO IMMEDIATELY:
A more vegetarian diet.
Attorneys general from 11 states sent a letter to President Bush calling on him to address the growing threat of global warming. The letter criticizes the administration for failing to create a national policy to curb emissions from automobiles and power plants. While applauding a recent report detailing the seriousness of global warming, the attorneys general argue the administration has not proposed an adequate plan. The letter pushes for a cap on carbon dioxide emissions and increased fuel efficiency standards.
This document surveys potential future energy sources that could supply large amounts of carbon emission-free energy to stabilize global climate change. It analyzes options like solar, wind, biomass, nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, fossil fuels with carbon sequestration, hydrogen production and storage, and geoengineering. However, it concludes that currently all these approaches have deficiencies that limit their ability to stabilize the climate and that intensive research is urgently needed to develop technological options that allow both climate stabilization and economic development.
Secretary of Energy Spencer Abraham will unveil the "Climate VISION" initiative on February 12th to recognize major initiatives by energy-intensive industries to meet President Bush's goal of reducing greenhouse gas intensity. EPA Administrator Whitman, Secretaries Veneman and Jackson, and CEQ Chairman Connaughton will join Abraham to announce the initiative, which responds to Bush's 2002 call for businesses to undertake broader efforts to address climate change.
This document discusses using emission scenarios to teach about global climate change. It focuses on the A1F1 scenario, which predicts rapid economic growth fueled by fossil fuels. Evidence that supports and contradicts this scenario is provided. Resources for teaching about scenarios include the IPCC reports and NASA materials. STEM lessons and tools like the Climate Time Machine can engage students in learning about causes, effects, and solutions to climate change.
FICCI-IIFA Global Business Forum Presentation (April 24, 2014)Laura Lee Dooley
1) Human influence on climate change is clear, with 95% certainty that human activity has been the dominant cause of warming since 1950.
2) The climate is unequivocally warming, with the last three decades the warmest in recorded history and increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases.
3) Limiting future climate change will require substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions through strategies like improving energy efficiency, transitioning to renewable energy, and deploying carbon capture and storage.
Cisco's Green Story for Greening Greater TorontoRick Huijbregts
The document discusses Cisco's commitment to environmental sustainability. It describes Cisco's green vision of using connectivity and collaboration technologies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It outlines Cisco's goals to reduce its own operational footprint through energy efficiency, waste reduction, and green power purchasing initiatives. It also discusses how Cisco is developing greener solutions to help customers lower their IT energy usage and environmental impacts.
The document discusses green building concepts and realities, covering topics like why green building is important due to issues like greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. It also addresses building efficiency, green energy, green information and communication technology (ICT), and reducing travel. The introduction defines green as being environmentally friendly.
This presentation is an overview of Cisco’s point of view and approach to Environmental Sustainability.
This deck is intended to give customers and other stakeholders a high-level understanding of Cisco’s perspective on the Green priority — followed by a closer look at topics of more specific interest.
Additional more specific content may found on Cisco Book at wwin.cisco.com/go/cbook.
Paul Marcoux - Cisco - Cisco's Green StoryShane Mitchell
Cisco has launched initiatives to reduce its environmental impact and help customers do the same through its operations, products, and network architecture. It aims to make networks more efficient to decrease energy usage and emissions. Cisco is piloting connected urban development projects in three cities to better manage infrastructure and traffic flows. It is also implementing sustainability measures across its facilities and products to reduce waste, water consumption, and power requirements.
This document is a course handbook for AS and A2 Biology students at Haringey Sixth Form Centre. It provides information about staff roles, the course structure and units, assessment details, progression opportunities, expectations of students, a calendar of the academic year, study skills advice, health and safety policies, required equipment, and recommended reading materials and websites. The handbook is intended to give students all the necessary information to succeed in the course throughout their time at the Centre.
Laura Ipson - Cisco - Green Networks: The Backbone for SustainabilityShane Mitchell
This document discusses how information and communication technologies (ICT) can help create "green networks" to support sustainability. It notes that internet users and connections are growing rapidly and will continue to do so. It then outlines how ICT networks spanning service providers, enterprises, homes, small businesses, and sensor networks can help monitor, manage and reduce electricity usage, appliance usage, and traffic flows to lower emissions. Specifically, it highlights opportunities to improve efficiency in office buildings, homes, and urban transportation using ICT. The document argues that while ICT industries themselves contribute a small portion of emissions, they have a responsibility to reduce their own footprint and disproportionately help other industries lower theirs through digital solutions.
ICT technologies can help reduce global emissions and enable more sustainable cities and communities. According to a Cisco report, ICT can reduce emissions up to 15% by 2020, offsetting its own footprint five times over. Cities currently consume 75% of global energy and produce 80% of greenhouse gas emissions. Cisco's Connected Urban Development initiative partners with cities to develop ICT solutions that can reduce CO2 emissions through tools like telepresence, smart buildings/energy, transportation optimization, and urban monitoring. These solutions offer opportunities to improve sustainability across multiple sectors.
This document discusses the challenges of global warming and climate change. It provides evidence that global temperatures are rising faster than expected, with 2010 being the warmest year on record. It notes that CO2 levels are rising rapidly due to human activity since the Industrial Revolution. Climate models predict further warming of 5-11°C by 2100, which would melt ice sheets and raise sea levels significantly. Urgent action is needed to transition to renewable energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions to avoid potentially catastrophic climate change impacts.
The document discusses the impacts of climate change and the urgency of reducing carbon emissions. It notes that global temperatures are rising rapidly, climate change effects will be irreversible, and tipping points may cause abrupt shifts. Future droughts and sea level rise from ice sheet collapse could be severe. While energy efficiency helps, it risks increasing consumption through reduced costs. A zero-carbon strategy using renewable energy is essential to avoid this rebound effect. Data center emissions match some countries' totals and will grow substantially. The document proposes rewarding carbon reductions through "carbon rewards" instead of taxes to incentivize changes in behavior.
10.03.03
Banquet Keynote Speech
Pacific Rim Applications and Grid Middleware Assembly (PRAGMA) 18
Birch Aquarium, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD
Title: How PRAGMA Can Help Save the Planet
La Jolla, CA
New business opportunities with zero carbon thinking and how California suburban lifestyle may be the answer to global warming and the need to adapt to a warmer climate through IT - the Energy Internet
This document discusses the urgency of addressing climate change through reducing carbon emissions from information and communication technologies (ICT). It notes that ICT carbon emissions are growing rapidly and will represent a large portion of global electricity use by 2030 unless action is taken. The document advocates building ICT infrastructure that can operate solely using renewable energy sources, such as optimizing network topology based on renewable energy availability and building data centers powered by renewable energy. Through these strategies, ICT can help achieve necessary reductions in carbon emissions while continuing to enable important services.
Global Climatic Disruption and its Impact on Victoria and CaliforniaLarry Smarr
The document summarizes the potential impacts of climate change on Victoria, Australia and California, focusing on water resources and wildfires. It outlines that global greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise and discusses the radical changes needed to the world's energy system to prevent global temperature increases exceeding 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. Specifically, global CO2 emissions would need to peak before 2015 and achieve near-zero emissions in energy and transport sectors by 2050.
This document summarizes a presentation about using information and communication technologies (ICT) to adapt to rather than mitigate global warming. Some key points:
- Mitigation efforts alone will not be enough to address climate change, and adaptation strategies are now needed to survive the impacts.
- ICT sector growth is contributing to energy demand and emissions but can also provide solutions if designed to use renewable energy not connected to the grid.
- Examples of ICT adaptation solutions proposed include building an "Energy Internet" and moving data centers to remote renewable energy sites instead of cities.
- Rewarding carbon reductions through ICT services like broadband could be an alternative to carbon taxes.
Today, CO2 emissions from fossil fuels are around 50 per cent higher than they were 20 years ago, and have been rising each year. This kind of change to the chemical mixture in the air doesn’t come without consequences. Acting like a blanket, the build-up of greenhouse gases is the main reason why the average global temperature has risen by nearly 1°C in the last century. This booklet explains why a rise of only a few degrees in the average global temperature risks our prosperity, security, and health. It explains why it is so important to reverse the rise in emissions within the decade. And why it is still within our means to do so. For more information visit www.climateinstitute.org.au/dangerous-degrees.html
Technology and Policies are Available to Save Our Environment.Paul H. Carr
OUTLINE: POLICY INFLUENCERS
1. Wall Street Journal - Is climate science settled?
2. Peer-reviewed Climate Science Articles- 99% settled.
3. Forbes – Is carbon-free energy available?
4. Nashua Telegraph – What about China’s coal burning?
5. Risky Business Report - Economics of Global Warming. by Bloomberg, Paulsen, & Steyer
6. Pope Francis’ Moral Responsibility to bequeath a habitable planet to future generations
This document discusses the topic of climate change and its causes. It states that according to the IPCC, if fossil fuel usage continues at current rates, the average global temperature could rise between 2.6-4.8 degrees Celsius by 2100, causing sea level rise and more extreme weather. One of the main causes of climate change is high gasoline consumption by vehicles in the US. Electric vehicles are presented as one solution to reduce petroleum usage and alleviate environmental stress from carbon dioxide emissions.
The document discusses opportunities for transitioning to a low-carbon economy through innovation. It notes that traditional energy efficiency solutions are insufficient and that moving to low-carbon energy sources requires decoupling energy consumption from greenhouse gas emissions. Information and communication technologies can play an important role by helping address issues with renewable energy sources and enabling reliable services even when renewable power availability fluctuates. The document advocates developing zero-carbon strategies using renewable energy to allow continued growth without increasing emissions.
For Climate Change Workshop by British Computer Society on 17-Sep-08.
Physics & Chemistry of Climate Change,
Effects and Costs of Climate Change,
Geographical Information and use of it,
Some International Meetings and Local Authority Measures,
Climate Change Bill 2008,
Carbon trading / offsetting,
Reducing Carbon Emissions – Websites & Actions.
This document discusses how educational institutions can provide leadership in reducing CO2 emissions. It summarizes data showing that climate change poses serious risks and that rapid action is needed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Educational institutions are major contributors of CO2 and have an opportunity to transition to renewable energy sources and digital technologies like cloud computing to significantly lower their carbon footprint. Adopting practices that prioritize reducing carbon over energy efficiency alone can help avoid unintended increases in emissions.
This document discusses strategies for data-intensive science in a carbon constrained world due to climate change. It argues that while efforts to reduce emissions are no longer sufficient, data and computing will be critical to adapt to climate impacts. However, the growth of data and computing also contributes to emissions. The document examines how climate change will impact weather patterns, droughts, and energy systems. It also looks at how internet and research networks can help support science and education for adaptation, such as through brokered green clouds, software-defined networks, wireless networks, dynamic optical networks, and eScience platforms. The goal is to address data and collaboration needs while reducing emissions and adapting to climate disruptions.
The document proposes a Global Apollo Program to combat climate change through developing clean energy technologies. It notes that current commitments will not limit global warming to under 2°C, and renewable energy research and development (RD&D) is underfunded. The program proposes coordinating international RD&D efforts and spending 0.02% of GDP annually on priority areas like solar energy, electricity storage, and transmission to drive innovation and reduce costs, with a goal of making renewable energy cheaper than coal by 2020-2025. It aims to build on models like the semiconductor industry roadmap to accelerate progress through international collaboration.
Confront COVID-19 and Climate Change NowPaul H. Carr
COVID-19 & CLIMATE: BOTH GLOBAL, TEMPERATURE INCREASE
If we wait for a crisis, it’s too late:
Time after drastic action: COVID, months;
CLIMATE, century.
The COVID “stay in place” reduced greenhouse emissions up to 17%. Reduced population.
Non-US-Deficit Increasing solution: Carbon fee plus dividend for all.
What we can do: more vegetarian diet, less airline travel, more nuclear reactors
he Energy Internet
An alternative renewable power distribution system to the electrical grid using dynamic charging of autonomous eVehicles and Internet Routing Protocols
Governments around the world are starting to mandate that government funded organizations such as universities and NRENs develop Climate Change Preparedness plans. This is in recognition that we are already committed to a 2C average temperature increase and given the lack of any international agreement on curbing GHG emissions we may be headed to a 6C global average temperature increase. More severe weather patterns are expected which will cause severe disruption to our energy and physical infrastructure. Resilient networks, new network architectures and tools such as distance education and remote collaborative research will be required by our universities and schools to survive and endure periods of such extreme weather. A well designed and thought out Climate Change Preparedness plan can also help higher-ed and NRENs increase their operational resiliency, as well as significantly reduce their current electrical energy costs. In addition a good Climate Change Preparedness plan can also be an excellent way for higher-ed and NRENs to reduce their existing GHG footprint.
Climate change preparedness plans are needed to adapt to a warming world with more severe weather. NRENs and higher education institutions should develop such plans aligned with national initiatives. Distance education is important for continuity during disasters. Preparedness plans involve risk analysis to identify vulnerable infrastructure and mitigation strategies. Reliability of the electrical grid is a major threat. Lessons from extreme weather show how distance education and robust networks are critical during disasters. Microgrids and renewable energy can increase reliability and lower costs and emissions.
Climate change preparedness plans are needed to adapt to a warming world with more severe weather. NRENs and higher education institutions should develop such plans aligned with national initiatives. Distance education is important for continuity during disasters. Preparedness plans involve risk analysis to identify vulnerable infrastructure and mitigation strategies. Reliability of the electrical grid is a major threat. Lessons from extreme weather show how distance education and robust networks are critical during disasters. Microgrids and renewable energy can increase reliability and lower costs and emissions.
The document discusses the latest developments regarding alternate energy sources and power reliability for data centers. Electrical energy costs and reliability are major concerns for most data center operators. The document outlines growing power consumption and costs for data centers. It also discusses risks to the electrical grid from weather events and threats that could impact data center reliability. The document proposes solutions for data center operators to reduce grid dependency, such as developing climate change preparedness plans, installing backup generators and procuring independent power sources from renewables.
Dynamic charging of electric vehicles (EVs) allows EVs to be charged while in motion, significantly reducing battery size and cost. EVs can transport energy from distributed solar panels to buildings. Technologies for dynamic charging exist for buses and factory vehicles. Dynamic charging can help reduce transportation and power generation emissions. Current EV limitations include high costs, limited range, and long charging times. Dynamic charging requires only small batteries and prevents depletion with frequent small charges. It reduces range anxiety and enables heavier vehicles like trucks. The document discusses various dynamic charging technologies and prototypes.
The Future of R&E networks and cyber-infrastructureBill St. Arnaud
NRENs like SURFnet have historically played a key role in pioneering Internet technologies and applications. Looking forward, NRENs will be important for enabling green networking, big data, global collaboration, and next generation integrated optical and wireless networks. The amount of data being generated is growing exponentially, straining campus computing resources and energy consumption. NRENs can help by brokering cloud services to researchers and IT departments to improve efficiency.
This document discusses the growing issue of large quantities of data from scientific research and simulations. It notes that data volumes are doubling every 9 months for genomic sequencing and that various scientific projects are now generating petabytes and exabytes of data. Current solutions for data management and analysis are often ad-hoc and inadequate for small and medium scale research. The document advocates for a national research cyberinfrastructure strategy in Canada that could provide standardized services and leverage partnerships with international organizations and commercial cloud providers to support scientists in dealing with large and complex research data. It raises questions about leadership and roles for universities, research organizations, and government in developing solutions.
This document discusses the concept of dynamic or on-the-move charging of electric vehicles. It outlines some current limitations of electric vehicles like high costs, limited range, and long charging times. It then proposes using dynamic charging systems that would allow electric vehicles to charge while in motion or stopped briefly rather than requiring lengthy stationary charging sessions. Some key advantages noted are smaller batteries, more frequent smaller charges extending battery life, and reducing range anxiety. Two approaches - induction and overhead capacitive charging - currently being tested are described. The concept proposes a next-generation dynamic system using ultracapacitors charged by solar panels and discharged to vehicles' batteries while in motion. Key research areas are identified to develop such a system. Initial target markets like drive
This document discusses the evolution of research and education networks from hierarchical IP networks of the past to more direct optical connections through peer-to-peer federated optical networks in the future. It notes the limitations of past hierarchical networks and outlines a vision for optical lightpath exchanges (GOLEs) that allow for end-to-end solutions across independent networks. Specific examples of Canadian universities integrating into this new federated network model are provided. The challenges of increasing costs, energy consumption, and climate change impacts on networks are also discussed, along with predictions that federated optical networks and relocating data centers to colder climates can help significantly reduce energy costs and emissions.
This document discusses greening data center operations. It notes that data centers consume large amounts of power, with US data centers using over 125 TWh of power per year. It then discusses measuring data center efficiency using Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and provides examples of efficient PUE levels. It also describes optimization strategies used at the SDSC data center like thermal containment and increased supply temperatures. Finally, it outlines a conceptual design for an ultra-efficient data center in collaboration with McGill University, aiming for a PUE of 1.06 using free cooling, ice storage, and low-cost hydroelectric power.
The document summarizes the development of a carbon accounting protocol for green IT projects. It discusses the need for such a protocol given growing IT infrastructure and emissions. It outlines the technical working group developing the protocol, key issues addressed, and next steps which include further review and testing before publication. The overall goal is to provide standardized guidance to account for and reduce emissions from data centers and IT services.
This document discusses opportunities in green IT and reducing carbon emissions from information and communication technologies. It notes that ICT carbon emissions are growing rapidly and will account for 20% of global electricity use by 2020 if unchecked. Transitioning to renewable energy sources like wind and solar is critical to build reliable zero-carbon networks and services. New network architectures that move data and computing to locations with available renewable power can help ensure services continue during intermittent renewable generation. Significant business opportunities exist in areas like green data centers, smart grids, and carbon accounting.
Ocri technology and business opportunities in green it inBill St. Arnaud
This document discusses opportunities for green IT businesses in Ottawa related to reducing carbon emissions. It notes that the ICT sector's carbon footprint is growing rapidly but that green IT technologies also have significant potential to reduce emissions in other sectors like transportation and buildings. Specific opportunities mentioned include developing cloud and virtualization platforms that maximize renewable energy, building a wireless network powered by renewable energy, and creating a system that rewards consumers and businesses for reducing their carbon footprint through low-carbon online services. The document argues that addressing climate change now through innovation in green communications technologies represents a huge business opportunity.
This document discusses building the world's first zero carbon optical network called Greenstar. It notes that climate change is happening faster than forecasts and that traditional energy efficiency solutions are insufficient. A zero carbon strategy using renewable energy is essential. The document proposes building robust ICT services using renewable energy only by developing new network architectures and business models that can quickly move computing jobs and data sets between sites with available power as renewable energy sources fluctuate. This represents a grand challenge. Examples of existing zero carbon data centers powered by wind, solar, and hydro are provided.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
1. Green ITSurvival ITFuture of NRENs Bill St. Arnaud Bill.st.arnaud@gmail.com Unless otherwise noted all material in this slide deck may be reproduced, modified or distributed without prior permission of the author
2. Theme of this talk We have already lost the battle to fight global warming The planet is already committed to a 2C temperature rise and rate of CO2 emissions are increasing Rather than focusing on reducing CO2 emissions through energy efficiency, smart grids, smart building, etc (Mitigation) we now need to focus on surviving climate change (Adaptation) How can Internet and IT help us build NRENs and support science that can survive global warming?
7. Climate SensitivityThe Worst is yet to come Rapid Increase in the Greenhouse Gas CO2Since Industrial Era Began Black Death Allowed Reforestation in Europe and North America reducing CO2 Medieval Warm Period Little Ice Age 2000 1800 1400 1600 1200 1000 You are Here
15. Climate Change is not reversible Climate Change is not like acid rain, water management or ozone destruction where environment will quickly return to normal once source of pollution is removed GHG emissions will stay in the atmosphere for thousands of years and continue to accumulate Planet will continue to warm up even if we drastically reduce emissions Weaver et al., GRL (2007) All we hope to achieve is to slow down the rapid rate of climate change
16. Climate tipping points USGS report finds that future climate shifts have been underestimated and warns of debilitating abrupt shift in climate that would be devastating. Tipping elements in the Earth's climate - National Academies of Science “Society may be lulled into a false sense of security by smooth projections of global change. Our synthesis of present knowledge suggests that a variety of tipping elements could reach their critical point within this century under anthropogenic climate change. “
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18. The most severe drought in recent history, in the Sahel region of western Africa in the 1970s, had a PDSI of -3 or -4.
20. By 2100 some parts of the U.S. could see -8 to -10 PDSI, while Mediterranean areas could see drought in the -15 or -20 range.http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/39741525/ns/us_news-environment/
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22. Can easily break up once sea water gets under ice
27. IPCC says ice is one of the poorest understood areashttp://news.discovery.com/earth/how-stable-is-the-west-antarctic-ice-sheet.html Sea levels may rise 3x faster than predicted by IPCC http://climateprogress.org/2009/12/09/sea-level-rise-six-feet-three-times-faster-than-the-ipcc-estimat/
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29. Rains submerged one-fifth of Pakistan, a thousand-year deluge swamped Nashville and storms just north of Rio caused the deadliest landslides Brazil has ever seen.
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31. Urgency of Action “We’re uncertain about the magnitude of climate change, which is inevitable, because we’re talking about reaching levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere not seen in millions of years. You might think that this uncertainty weakens the case for action, but it actually strengthens it. This risk of catastrophe, rather than the details of cost-benefit calculations, makes the most powerful case for strong climate policy. Current projections of global warming in the absence of action are just too close to the kinds of numbers associated with doomsday scenarios. It would be irresponsible — it’s tempting to say criminally irresponsible — not to step back from what could all too easily turn out to be the edge of a cliff.” Nobel Laureate Paul Krugman http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/11/magazine/11Economy-t.html?pagewanted=1
32. Climate Change Impact on Internet and NRENs UK Government study Climate Change could ruin the Internet http://www.grist.org/list/2011-05-09-climate-change-could-ruin-the-internet Severe Flooding and Droughts will affect energy distribution system The impacts of Sea Rise on California Coast http://www.pacinst.org/reports/sea_level_rise/index.htm Last year Nuclear power plants in France were forced to shut down because cooling water was too warm Germany is committed to shutting down all of its nuclear plants Droughts will restrict production of hydro-electric power UK especially vulnerable as North Sea gas supplies diminish
33. Survival IT Obama’s National Science Advisor John Holdren “Mitigation alone won’t work, because the climate is already changing, we’re already experiencing impacts….A mitigation only strategy would be insanity,” Equal emphasis given to adaptation – avoiding the unmanageable, and adaptation – managing the unavoidable.” Obama’s Climate Adaptation Executive Order http://www.stumbleupon.com/su/1tU8go/www.good.is/post/obama-s-secret-climate-adaptation-plan/
34. The Global ICT Carbon Footprint isRoughly the Same as the Aviation Industry Today But ICT Emissions are Growing at 6% Annually! According to IEA ICT will represent 40% of all energy consumption by 2030 www.smart2020.org ICT represent 8% of global electricity consumption Projected to grow to as much as 20% of all electrical consumption in the US (http://uclue.com/index.php?xq=724) Future Broadband- Internet alone is expected to consume 5% of all electricity http://www.ee.unimelb.edu.au/people/rst/talks/files/Tucker_Green_Plenary.pdf
35. Education biggest contributor Per employee Per sector Australian Computer Society Study http://www.acs.org.au/attachments/ICFACSV4100412.pdf
37. Building Networks to Survive Climate Change Wind and solar power are most likely candidates because of opportunity cost/benefit analysis especially time to deploy Nuclear has high opportunity cost because of time to deploy http://climateprogress.org/2008/12/14/stanford-study-part-1-wind-solar-baseload-easily-beat-nuclear-and-they-all-best-clean-coal/ But renewable energy sites are usually located far from cities and electrical distribution systems are not designed to carry load http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2008/12/pdf/renewable_transmission.pdf Local wind/solar will be an important component Design Principles for Building Networks to Survive Global Warming http://green-broadband.blogspot.com/2011/02/design-principles-for-building-networks.html
38. The Falsehood of Energy Efficiency Most current approaches to reduce carbon footprint are focused on increased energy efficiency of equipment and processes No question it save money, but does little for the environment Greenpeace Report “Electricity demand of IT remains on the rise, efficiency can only slow emission growth. In order to achieve the reductions necessary to keep the sector’s emissions in check and maintainsafe levels of global greenhouse gases, clean energy needs to become the primary source of power for IT infrastructure. Greenpeace “How dirty is your data”http://www.greenpeace.org/international/Global/international/publications/climate/2011/Cool%20IT/dirty-data-report-greenpeace.pdf But greater efficiency can paradoxically increase energy consumption by reducing overall cost service and therefore stimulates demand Khazzoom-Brookes postulate (aka Jevons paradox - not to be confused with rebound effect) The issue is not the amount of energy that we use, but the type of energy
41. The need to move to clouds powered by wind and sun Campus computing 20-40% electrical energy consumption on most campuses Studies in UK and The Netherlands Closet clusters represent up to 15% of electrical consumption – UBC study Campus data center represents 8-20% of electrical consumption IISD study of Dalhousie, UoAlberta and Ottawa U IISD study demonstrated that moving Canadian research to cloud would pay for itself in energy savings and CO2 reduction Clouds could save universities millions of dollars in energy and support costs http://green-broadband.blogspot.com/2010/12/how-r-networks-can-help-universities.html Millions of dollars being wasted on old clusters and HPC facilities that could be spent on critical research
42. Many examples Ecotricity in UK builds windmills at data center locations with no capital cost to user Wind powered data centers Hydro-electric powered data centers ASIO solar powered data centers Data Islandia Digital Data Archive 17
43. MIT to build zero carbon data center in Holyoke MA The data center will be managed and funded by the four main partners in the facility: the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cisco Systems, the University of Massachusetts and EMC. It will be a high-performance computing environment that will help expand the research and development capabilities of the companies and schools in Holyoke http://www.greenercomputing.com/news/2009/06/11/cisco-emc-team-mit-launch-100m-green-data-center
44. SDSC-McGill Computing Project Join study undertaken by San Diego Super Computing Center and McGill University looking at energy and cost savings of relocating SDSC to Canada http://green-broadband.blogspot.com/2011/03/relocating-data-centers-to-colder.html Potential overall cost savings of 75% and energy savings of 47% Approximately $8 million per year in savings Zero carbon powered by hydro electric turbine spin up power and ice cooling
45. GreenStar NetworkWorld’s First Zero Carbon Cloud/Internet World’s first zero carbon network Nodes in Ireland, USA, China, Spain and Belgium to be added shortly http://www.greenstarnetwork.com/
47. Scope of JRA2 MANTYCHORE-GSN Design necessary experiments and tests Check the viability of the movement of services : VMs and applications. using innovative networking paradigms such as IaaS and BoD solutions. Perform the integration between GSN and MANTYCHORE Physical integration between the GSN and the NRENs infrastructure Services integration Distributed virtual routing – slit FIBs EPA rooftop, Ireland Dundalk, Ireland 31 JRA2 Zero-carbon emission virtual infrastructures
49. GSN Node & Network Follow the wind, follow the sun. Collect network energy consumption metrics. Estimate remaining green energy. Migrate VMs to another location. The network must be reconfigured. GSN associates and MANTYCHORE 33 JRA2 Zero-carbon emission virtual infrastructures
51. 35 GSN – PanlabTranscoding and Video Streaming service provision based on Follow the Sun and the Wind Video Streaming VM DLNA Server VM Transcoding Server
52. Cyber-infrastructure in a Carbon Constrained World http://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/ERM0960.pdf
53. Economic benefits of follow the wind/sun architectures Cost- and Energy-Aware Load Distribution Across Data Centers http://www.cs.rutgers.edu/~ricardob/papers/hotpower09.pdf Green data centers can decrease brown energy consumption by 35% by leveraging the green data centers at only a 3% cost increase Cutting the Electric Bill for Internet-Scale Systems Companies can shift computing power to a data center in a location where it’s an off-peak time of the day and energy prices are low Cassatt a product that dynamically shifts loads to find the cheapest energy prices 45% maximum savings in energy costs http://ccr.sigcomm.org/online/files/p123.pdf http://earth2tech.com/2009/08/19/how-data-centers-can-follow-energy-prices-to-save-millions/ Computing for the future of the planet http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/dtg/~ah12/ http://earth2tech.com/2008/07/25/data-centers-will-follow-the-sun-and-chase-the-wind
54. Final remarks The problem we face is NOT energy consumption, but carbon emissions Think carbon, not energy We must start addressing climate change now – not in 2050 or 2020 80% reduction in CO2 emissions will fundamentally change everything we do including universities and networks Huge potential for innovation and new business opportunities for green communications enabled applications because 30% of energy must come from renewable sources
55. Let’s Keep The Conversation Going E-mail list Bill.St.Arnaud@gmail.com Blogspot Bill St. Arnaud http://green-broadband.blogspot.com Twitter http://twitter.com/BillStArnaud
Editor's Notes
Building a zero carbon ICT infrastructurePurchasing green power locally is expensive with significant transmission line lossesDemand for green power within cities expected to grow dramaticallyICT facilities DON’T NEED TO BE LOCATED IN CITIES-Cooling also a major problem in citiesBut most renewable energy sites are very remote and impractical to connect to electrical grid. Can be easily reached by an optical network Provide independence from electrical utility and high costs in wheeling power Savings in transmission line losses (up to 15%) alone, plus carbon offsets can pay for moving ICT facilities to renewable energy siteICT is only industry ideally suited to relocate to renewable energy sites Also ideal for business continuity in event of climate catastrophe