1) Human influence on climate change is clear, with 95% certainty that human activity has been the dominant cause of warming since 1950.
2) The climate is unequivocally warming, with the last three decades the warmest in recorded history and increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases.
3) Limiting future climate change will require substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions through strategies like improving energy efficiency, transitioning to renewable energy, and deploying carbon capture and storage.
Climate Change mitigation: practical measures to limit global warming IPCC re...GreenFacts
The IPCC uses a very specific language when it comes to expressing the degree of uncertainty or agreement for each statement in the fifth assessment report. For an overview of the specific meaning of each qualifier, you can read the relevant section in our summary of the Working Group I report.
Climate Change Mitigation: key messages of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report a...ipcc-media
Climate Change Mitigation: key messages of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report and content of the Sixth Assessment Report by Diána Ürge-Vorsatz, Vice-Chair of the IPCC Working Group III
Climate Change mitigation: practical measures to limit global warming IPCC re...GreenFacts
The IPCC uses a very specific language when it comes to expressing the degree of uncertainty or agreement for each statement in the fifth assessment report. For an overview of the specific meaning of each qualifier, you can read the relevant section in our summary of the Working Group I report.
Climate Change Mitigation: key messages of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report a...ipcc-media
Climate Change Mitigation: key messages of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report and content of the Sixth Assessment Report by Diána Ürge-Vorsatz, Vice-Chair of the IPCC Working Group III
This presentation created and addressed by Gonzalo Saenz de Miera in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
Summary of key findings of Working Group III contribution to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report by Jake Rice, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada
SICCME open session, 17 September 2014, ICES Annual Science Conference, A Coruña, Spain
The Big Climate Speech: Why Tackling climate change is one of America's greatest economic opportunities
How will technology impact global energy and climate challenges? What are the facts, the politics, the opportunities, and challenges for businesses? Join us for an extensive discussion of Obama’s climate speech impact on corporate and technology outcomes. Increase your knowledge, awareness, understand the facts, and assess the views.
Learning Outcomes: Increase knowledge and awareness of current events and business trends in climate change and future outcomes
At the end of this seminar, participants will be able to:
a) Explore Obama’s climate speech
b) Examine global challenges and business impact
c) Discuss the future of climate change, explore technology, and analyze business opportunities
This presentation created and addressed by Gonzalo Saenz de Miera in the intensive three day course from the BC3, Basque Centre for Climate Change and UPV/EHU (University of the Basque Country) on Climate Change in the Uda Ikastaroak Framework.
The objective of the BC3 Summer School is to offer an updated and multidisciplinary view of the ongoing trends in climate change research. The BC3 Summer School is organized in collaboration with the University of the Basque Country and is a high quality and excellent summer course gathering leading experts in the field and students from top universities and research centres worldwide.
Summary of key findings of Working Group III contribution to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report by Jake Rice, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada
SICCME open session, 17 September 2014, ICES Annual Science Conference, A Coruña, Spain
The Big Climate Speech: Why Tackling climate change is one of America's greatest economic opportunities
How will technology impact global energy and climate challenges? What are the facts, the politics, the opportunities, and challenges for businesses? Join us for an extensive discussion of Obama’s climate speech impact on corporate and technology outcomes. Increase your knowledge, awareness, understand the facts, and assess the views.
Learning Outcomes: Increase knowledge and awareness of current events and business trends in climate change and future outcomes
At the end of this seminar, participants will be able to:
a) Explore Obama’s climate speech
b) Examine global challenges and business impact
c) Discuss the future of climate change, explore technology, and analyze business opportunities
Basic Web + Social Media Metrics: Non eCommerce SitesLaura Lee Dooley
Some of the strategic thinking that goes into deciding what metrics to gather and why. With the understanding that "you can't manage what you can't measure" Dooley takes the viewpoint that metrics are much more than page views and visitors.
An in-house presentation on social media - beginning with looking at organizational and personal branding then moving into the basics of setting up a listening post.
For Climate Change Workshop by British Computer Society on 17-Sep-08.
Physics & Chemistry of Climate Change,
Effects and Costs of Climate Change,
Geographical Information and use of it,
Some International Meetings and Local Authority Measures,
Climate Change Bill 2008,
Carbon trading / offsetting,
Reducing Carbon Emissions – Websites & Actions.
Overview and guidelines on how to view and create tags for traffic source dimensions in GA4. Includes a look at Scopes, Channels, Campaigns, Sources & Mediums.
World Resources Institute 2020 Communications Curriculum session.
In a time of distrust of institutions, YOUR social media presence provides a means to connect with people who seek your expertise and trust your brand. However, first, you need to get (and keep) your audience's attention. Whether you are a passionate advocate for WRI's work, an expert spokesperson for our issues, or a highly competent communicator, this session will highlight current trends, research, and first-hand experience to help you more effectively engage on social media.
Social Media: Trends, Trust and Telling Your StoryLaura Lee Dooley
In a time of stagnant distrust of institutions, YOUR social media presence provides a means to connect with people who seek your expertise and trust your brand. However, first, you need to get (and keep) your audience's attention. Whether you are a passionate advocate for WRI's work, an expert spokesperson for our issues, or a highly competent communicator, this session and panel discussion highlights current trends, research, and first-hand experience to help you more effectively engage on social media.
In a time of stagnant distrust of institutions, your social media presence provides a means to connect with the people who seek your expertise and trust your brand.
WRI Communications Curriculum presented 14 June 2017. This session highlights current social media strategies and trends, how to better leverage top social media channels, and how to break through the digital noise. Laura Lee will give you an introduction to creating a social media strategy, and to building your online brand as an expert.
Social Media Overview 2016 ... and 10 Social Media RulesLaura Lee Dooley
Designed for those new to social media or just trying to develop a strategy, this presentation provides and overview and outlines 10 rules to follow that will lead to social media success!
Understanding the effect of engagement on brand sentiment through social media - a look at resources and tools to understand your brand online. January 29, 2010 presentation at American Strategic Management Institute (ASMI) Online Engagement Marketing training seminar.
Man(agement) vs. Wild: The Call of the Free-Range CustomerLaura Lee Dooley
Presentation developed prior to eMetrics DC - outlines the current challenges of social media metrics and highlights some tools in BETA and resources for continued discussion.
Though this slidedeck wasn't presented at eMetrics, it was developed in preparation for the "Man(agement) vs. Wild" panel discussion. Your feedback is welcome!
Basic Web Analytics: Time on Site and Bounce RateLaura Lee Dooley
What is the value of measuring time on site? What is the difference between bounce rate and exit rate? Why should I care? What should I do about it? Building on work by Avinash Kaushik, Dooley presents an overview of these important metrics.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
2. “Problems cannot be solved at
the same level of awareness
that created them.”
- Albert Einstein
3. 3
Working Group I: The Physical Science Basis
Human influence of the climate system is clear
• 95% certainty that human influence has been the dominant
cause of the observed warming since the mid-20th century
• Since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are
unprecedented over decades to millennia.
• Limiting climate change will require sustained and
substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions
Source : IPCC AR5
4. 4
Warming of the climate system is unequivocal
Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer
at the Earth’s surface than any preceding decade since 1850.
Source : IPCC AR5
5. 5
Warming of the climate system is unequivocal
Source : IPCC AR5
• The oceans have warmed and risen
• The amounts of snow and ice have diminished
• Sea level has risen
• The concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased
6. 6
The oceans have warmed and risen
Warming of the climate system is unequivocal
• Ocean warming dominates the
increase in energy stored in the
climate system: more than 90%
of energy accumulated between
1971 and 2010.
• The rate of sea level rise since
the mid-19th century has been
larger than the mean rate during
the previous two millennia.
• From 1901-2010, global mean
sea level rose by 19 cm.
Source : IPCC AR5
7. 7
The concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased
Warming of the climate system is unequivocal
• The atmospheric concentrations
of CO2, methane, and nitrous
oxide have increased to levels
unprecedented in at least the past
800,000 years.
• The ocean has absorbed ~30% of
the emitted anthropogenic
carbon dioxide, causing ocean
acidification.
• CO2 emissions from fossil fuels
combustion and industrial
processes contributed about 78%
of the total GHG emissions
increase from 1970 to 2010
Source : IPCC AR5
8. 8
Total anthropogenic GHG emissions were the highest in human history from
2000 to 2010
Trends in GHGs and their drivers
Source : IPCC AR5
Greenhouse gas emissions by economic sectors • Accounting for indirect
emissions raises the
contributions of the industry
sector to 31%
• Globally, economic and
population growth continue
to be the most important
drivers of increases in CO2
emissions from fossil fuel
combustions
• These are expected to
continue to drive emissions
growth without additional
efforts to reduce GHG
emissions.
9. 9
Industry
Trends in GHGs and their drivers
Source : IPCC AR5
• In 2010, the industry sector accounted for around
28% of final energy use.
• Emissions are projected to increase by 50–150% by
2050 in baseline scenarios, unless energy efficiency
improvements are accelerated significantly.
• Emissions from industry are currently greater than
emissions from either the buildings or transport
end‐use sectors.
10. 10
Continued emissions of greenhouse gases will cause further warming and changes in the
climate system
Future changes in the climate system
Source : IPCC AR5
• Oceans will continue to warm during the 21st century.
• It is very likely that the Arctic sea ice cover will continue to
shrink and thin as global mean surface temperature rises.
• Global glacier volume will further decrease.
• Global mean sea level will continue to rise during the 21st
century
11. Extreme events during and by the end of the 21st Century
Source : IPCC SREX
• It is very likely that the length, frequency, and/or
intensity of warm spells or heat waves will increase over
most land areas
• Under some scenarios, a 1-in-20 year hottest day is likely
to become a 1-in-2 year event in most regions
• It is likely that the frequency of heavy precipitation or the
proportion of total rainfall from heavy falls will increase
over many areas of the globe
12. 12
Future risks of climate change
Projected risks for natural systems over the century
Source : IPCC AR5
Fresh water resources
• Significant reduction of
renewable surface
water and groundwater
resources in most dry
subtropical regions
• Climate change is
projected to pose risks
to raw and drinking
water quality
Terrestrial and
freshwater ecosystems
• Increased extinction
risk under all warming
scenarios (RCPs)
• Increased tree
mortality, forest dieback
with risks for carbon
storage, biodiversity,
wood production and
economic activity
• Submergence and
coastal flooding/erosion
due to sea-level rise
Marine systems
• Redistribution and
reduction of global
marine-species and
biodiversity with
challenges for fisheries
• Expansion of “dead
zones” with constraints
for fish habitat
• Polar ecosystems and
coral reefs at
substantial risk due to
ocean acidification
(RCP 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5)
13. 13
Future risks of climate change
Projected risks for human systems over the century
Source : IPCC AR5
Food security and
production systems
• All aspects of food
security are potentially
affected (access,
utilization and price
stability)
• Negative impacts for
wheat, rice and maize
production in some
regions for local
temperature increases
of 2C
Livelihoods and poverty
• Slowing down of
economic growth
• Poverty reduction
made more difficult
• New poverty traps
created especially in
urban areas and
hotspots of hunger
Human health
• Increases in ill-health
in many regions
especially in developing
countries
• Under- nutrition from
reduced food
production in poor
regions
• Increased risks from
food and water borne
diseases
14. 14
Adaptation and Mitigation
“Climate-resilient
pathways combine
adaptation and mitigation
to reduce climate change
and its impacts. Since
mitigation reduces the rate
and magnitude of
warming, it also increases
the time available for
adaptation to a particular
level of climate change,
potentially by several
decades.”
IPCC Fifth Assessment Report
Source : IPCC AR5
15. 15
Stringent mitigation scenarios
Characteristics of scenarios reaching levels of about 450 ppm CO2eq by 2100 (likely
chance to keep temperature change below 2C relative to preindustrial levels):
• Lower global GHGs in 2050 than in 2010 (40% to 70% lower
globally)
• Emissions levels near zero GtCO2eq or below in 2100
• More rapid improvements in energy efficiency
• A tripling to nearly a quadrupling of the share of zero- and low-
carbon energy supply from renewables by 2050
• Nuclear energy, biomass and fossil energy with CCS, and BECCS
by the year 2050
Source : IPCC AR5
16. 16
CDR technologies
Source : IPCC AR5
Many scenarios
reaching 450, 500 and
550 ppm CO2eq by 2100
Require availability and
widespread
deployment of BECCS
and afforestation post
2050
• But the availability and scale of these and other CDR
technologies are uncertain and associated with
challenges and risks.
17. 17
Mitigation options for industry
Reduction of the energy intensity of the industry sector
Source : IPCC AR5
Reduction of the energy intensity of the industry sector could
be reduced through:
• Wide‐scale upgrading, replacement and deployment of best
available technologies, particularly in countries where these
are not in use and in non‐energy intensive industries
• Innovation
• Information programmes for promoting energy efficiency
• Economic instruments
• Regulatory approaches and voluntary actions
18. 18
Mitigation options for industry
Reductions in GHG emissions below baseline levels in the industry sector
Source : IPCC AR5
• Improvements in GHG emissions efficiency and in the
efficiency of material use
• Recycling and re-use of materials and products
• Service demand
• Important options in waste management and reduction
Many emissions-reducing options are:
• Cost-effective
• Profitable
• Associated with co-benefits (environmental compliance,
health benefits)
19. 19
Mitigation options for industry
Collaborative approaches across companies and sectors to reduce energy and material
use
Source : IPCC AR5
Improved process performance and cost-effective plant-
efficiency in large energy intensive industries and SMEs can be
achieved through:
• Application of cross-cutting technologies (e.g. efficient
motors)
• Application of cross-cutting measures (e.g. reducing air or
steam leaks)
• Cooperation across companies and sectors: sharing of
infrastructure, information, and waste heat utilization.
20. 20
Industry
Figure SPM.8. | Final energy demand reduction relative to baseline (left) and low-carbon
energy carrier shares in final energy (right) in the industry sector by 2030 and 2050
21. 21
Impacts of mitigation on GDP growth
Delaying additional mitigation further increases mitigation costs in the
medium to long term
2030 TimeCurrent
GDP
GDP without
mitigation
GDP with stringent
mitigation (reaching ≈
450 ppm CO2eq in
2100)
Loss in global
consumption
in 2030: 1.7%
(median)
Source : IPCC AR5
Loss in
global
consumption
in 2050:
3.4%
(median)
Loss in global
consumption
in 2100: 4.8%
(median)
2050 2100
22. 22
Co-benefits and adverse side effects
There is an increased focus on policies designed to integrate multiple objectives, increase
co-benefits and reduce adverse side-effects.
The intersections of mitigation and adaptation with other
societal goals, if well managed, can strengthen the basis
for undertaking climate action:
• Improved energy efficiency and security
• Cleaner energy sources
• Air quality and human health
• Reduced energy and water consumption in urban areas
• Sustainable agriculture and forestry
• Protection of ecosystems for carbon storage
Source : IPCC AR5
23. “A technological society has two choices.
First it can wait until catastrophic failures
expose systemic deficiencies, distortion and
self-deceptions…
Secondly, a culture can provide social checks
and balances to correct for systemic
distortion prior to catastrophic failures.”
- Mahatma Gandhi
“Speed is irrelevant if you are going in the
wrong direction”
- Mahatma Gandhi
Editor's Notes
Figure SPM.8. Final energy demand reduction relative to baseline (upper row) and low-carbon energy3 carrier shares in final energy (lower row) in the transport, buildings, and industry sectors by 2030 and4 2050 in scenarios from two different CO2eq concentration categories compared to sectoral studies5 assessed in Chapters 8-10. The demand reductions shown by these scenarios do not compromise6 development. Low-carbon energy carriers include electricity, hydrogen and liquid biofuels in transport,7 electricity in buildings and electricity, heat, hydrogen and bioenergy in industry. The numbers at the8 bottom of the graphs refer to the number of scenarios included in the ranges which differ across9 sectors and time due to different sectoral resolution and time horizon of models.