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Choosing the appropriate research topic. satya pptx
This document provides guidance on choosing an appropriate research topic, including developing a research question and formulating aims and objectives. It discusses evaluating the quality of research questions and generating hypotheses. Key steps include choosing an interesting topic within your abilities, developing focused research questions, and assessing feasibility. Choosing a mentor, exploring literature, and refining the topic iteratively are emphasized. Criteria like FINER are presented to evaluate potential research topics.
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Choosing the appropriate research topic. satya pptx
- 3.
- 7. *Development of scientificattitude - Evidence based medicine *Learning research methodology *Curricular requirement *publication *
- 10.
- 16. *It Is asystematic and organised scientific process *To find answers to questions
- 17. * Research isto see what everybody else has seen, and to think what nobody else has thought………. ----Albert Szent-Gyorgyi
- 27. *is an importantand complex part of the research process *You will need to do some research and reading *
- 28. CHOOSING THE APPROPRIATE RESEARCHTOPIC Dr. V. Sathyanarayanan M.D., Professor of Pharmacology
- 29. *To know theprocesses involved in choosing the appropriate research topic *To formulate a research question ( aim and objectives ) *To assess the quality of the research question effectively *To formulate a hypothesis for testing the research question *OBJECTIVES
- 30. *First and foremost,it must be interesting *You should learn something of value to you *It should be productive *
- 32. * Choose a mentor or guide
- 37. and then… 1. Developa research question * Do a thorough search of medical literature * Identify the edge of knowledge related to that question and gaps in knowledge * Be certain that your question has not already been answered AND that filling the gaps is important 2. Develop a testable hypothesis *
- 44. *The man witha new idea is a crank until the idea succeeds….. *
- 48. *Not necessarily Archemedes or edison
- 49. *as you goabout your daily clinical practice * observe with curiosity and enquire….. * Sometimes it is the result of having a disagree ment with a colleague *Define the problem well *
- 50. *Etiology and *Elucidate mechanisms pathogenesis *Pathophysiology *Diagnosis *Diagnostic approaches *Therapeutic *Treatment interventions *prognosis *Research into the prognostic factors *
- 60. *Consider personal interests *Engagein conversations with the mentor, colleagues, teachers and experts *Read articles *Browse recent issues of journals or magazines *Browse the shelves for books on your subject *Identify the research question area *Aware of overuse of ideas
- 70. *Concluding sections inthe critically examined individual studies, systematic review *Remaining gaps in literature *Further define the research question *MEDLINE, PUBMED, SCIENCEDIRECT, * MEDSCAPE *
- 75. *From standard textbooks *Use article databases to scan current magazine, journal or newspaper articles on the topic * Use Web search engines to find Web sites on the topic *
- 79. *Keep it manageable. *Beaware if a topic is very recent *discuss your topic with your guide *
- 83. * Look forwords that best describe your topic *Find synonyms, broader and narrower terms for each keyword you find *Keep a list of these words to use later as you search *
- 88. * it iscommon to modify your topic during the research process * Be aware of the depth of coverage needed and the due date. *Your guide will probably provide specific requirements *
- 93. *You will oftenbegin with a word, *develop a more focused interest in an aspect of something relating to that word, * then begin to have questions about the topic. *Significance of the research question must be identified *
- 98. *Use the keywords you have gathered to research in the * catalog, article databases * and Internet search engines. * Find more information to help answer your research question. *
- 105. * To stealfrom one is plagiarism.to steal from many is research… ---Steven Right
- 106. * This maybe the answer to your research question * and/or a way to clearly state the purpose of your research. * Your thesis statement will usually be one or two sentences * that states precisely what is to be answered, proven, or what you will inform your audience about your topic. *
- 111. * Trying toturn a statement into a real question *
- 112. *Possibly the mostdifficult part * is to come up with a reasonable question *and focus it to the point *where it can be answered *
- 114. * defining thegoal of your research, * identifying objectives, * refining and refining it some more and * refining it even more until * you have a neat and simple question * that is feasible to answer. *
- 115. * stated inbroad terms * and covers the topic that interests you *
- 117. * more focused *There could be more than one *but all would contribute to the overall goal *Define it *
- 120. * one ofthe on going topics in recent years is * whether medical marijuana has any place in the mains tream medical world. * The goal of research in this area would be *to assess whether medical marijuana is a useful treatment *
- 121. *What is thepopulation I want to study? *How do I describe it – age, sex, background? *What is the intervention I want to study? *Do I have all the details of the intervention? *What is the outcome I want to achieve? *How am I going to measure the outcome? *
- 122. *PICO *P ‐ Population *I‐ Intervention *C ‐ Comparison *O – Outcome Measured *
- 123. *Population ‐ childrenwith cerebral palsy * Described ‐ ages 6 to 16 *Intervention ‐ Medical marijuana * Details of intervention – dose and given orally *Outcome – frequency of spasm by 50% * Measure of outcome – Tic spasm score. *
- 124. *Medical marijuana, givenorally X mg q.i.d will *reduce the frequency of spasms by 50%, as me asured by the Tic spasm score, in children with *cerebral palsy between the ages of 6 and 16 ye ars. *
- 125. * single statementthat contains sufficient information that it can be tested using *statistical methodology
- 126. * are proceduresfor making rational decisions about *what is real and what is opinion *
- 130. *F – Feasible *I– Interesting *N – Novel *E – Ethical *R ‐ Relevant *
- 131. *Number of subjects *Alterinclusion and exclusion criteria *Equipment *cost *
- 133. *To you *To theguide *To the peers *Editors of the journals *Reviewers *
- 138. *Newer topic oridea *Not duplicated *Duplicated Will have a lower rating *
- 146. * Should followexisting guidelines like * ICMR code of Ethics in biomedical research * Clinical trials should follow Good Clinical Practice Guidelines published by Government of India * Get the IEC approval *
- 149. *Addresses certain communityneeds *Addresses issues that will have an impact for policy making *
- 151. Questions to askyourself Yes No Vague Is the question asked in a single sentence? Is the question simple? P Does the question specify the population? I Does the question state the intervention? C Is there a comparison group? O Is there a clear outcome in the question? O Has the measure for the outcome been specified? F Is the question FEASIBLE? I Is it INTERESTING ? to you? to others? N Is it NOVEL? ‐‐ new? Innovative? E ETHICAL? ‐‐ is there a state of equipoise between comp eting therapies? Will your investigations harm? R RELEVANT? To policy makers? To patients?
- 157. * What isthe sample size you are looking for ? * would you have access to the population you wanted? * Would the selected population agree to participate? * Would you be able to obtain the drug samples? * Think through what budget you might need? * Will the ethics committee approve of your project? * How novel are the questions? ( not repeated ) *
- 158. * Generating agood research question is an iterative process * that requires you to develop new conceptual schemes for the problem * the generation of “Concept Maps” a very useful technique for keeping our thinking straight * MindManager (www.mindjet.com) * Inspiration (www.inspiration.com) *
- 167. * you canwrite the one page description required for the assi gnment. * should write the goal of the research, * what the general objective of the research is, * try to formulate specific aims which can be your refined que stion(s) and then, * if you have a hypothesis that can be tested, write that down. * summarize your thinking on the feasibility * and general plans you have for conducting the research. *
- 168. * Hulley SB,Cummings SR. “Designing Clinical Research: An epidemiological approach. * Centre for Health Evidence: “Users’ Guides to Evidence Based Practice” * http://www.cche.net/usersguides/start.asp#Questions * Guidelines for graduate students: “Choosing and refining a research topic” http://www.fiu.edu/~kowert/topic.html * How to write Specific Aims: http://www.theresearchassistant.com/tutorial/4‐4.asp *
- 170. Even thousands ofmiles of journey starts with a single step…….. lao tzu a chinese mystic