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Introduction to biomedical research
The document provides an overview of biomedical research, outlining the fundamental concepts, types, and steps involved in conducting scientific studies. It discusses the importance of research in advancing medical practices and emphasizes systematic methodologies for hypothesis testing and data analysis. Additionally, it highlights Egypt's academic contributions to research and the necessity of ethical considerations throughout the research process.
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Introduction to biomedical research
- 1. Intro to BiomedicalResearch Basic concepts BY Ibrahim Abdelmonaem ZMRS TEAM
- 2. Undergraduate OR Postgraduate!!! Research is a part of life sciences. Requirements of doing a research !!! Depending on the type of the research ….
- 3. Egypt ranks35th among 233 countries in academic paper submissions in 2018, rising three places compared with the previous year. The number of submissions by Egyptian researchers recorded 22,018 with an increase of 17.2 percent. According to the SCImago Journal & Country Rank.
- 4. Egypt citationsbased on Scopus data in April 2020 = 773,777
- 5. How to bea good doctor ?? Good practitioner (treat patients). Education (training). Research (read and apply).
- 6. Research … Research isoften viewed as the corner stone of scientific progress. It is a systematic process based on scientific methods that consist of testing hypotheses, careful observation and measurement, systematic evaluation of data, and drawing valid conclusions.
- 7. Characteristics of ScientificResearch It should be systematic It should be logical It should be empirical It should be reductive It should be replicable and transmittable It should contribute to generalizable knowledge
- 8. Types of research… Retrospective Vs Prospective Research Longitudinal Vs Cross-Sectional Research Descriptive Vs Analytic Research Observational Vs Experimental Research Quantitative Vs Qualitative Research These types are integrated or overlapped
- 9. As a researcherThink … how to benefit ? .... What to add ? ….
- 10. Biomedical research steps… Identification of research problem – Research Question Carrying out a literature review Formulating the research question / research objective Proposal writing Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval and ethical consideration Develop a research design and analytic plan to test the hypothesis Data collection Data entry, cleaning, and management Data analyses Research Writing and Publishing
- 11. Identification of researchidea – Research Question
- 12. Identification of researchidea – Research Question The first step in any research project is to clearly define the research idea. By defining the research idea, you can easily define the objectives and the design required.
- 13. Sources to developa research idea INTELLECTUAL CURIOSITY Scientific literature Clinical observations Scientific conferences Brain storming groups Delphi methods All research questions can be classified as inquiries about “what,” “why,” or “how.”
- 14. Carrying out aliterature review
- 15. Carrying out aliterature review literature review is a systematic, precise, critical method for reading, analyzing, evaluating and summarizing the existing completed and recorded work produced by researchers and practitioners. So that….. comprehensive search of the literature acquire a thorough knowledge of relevant earlier findings, ongoing research, or new theories.
- 16. literature search helpthe investigator to determine answers to the following questions: Has the problem been previously addressed? If so, was it adequately studied? Are the proposed hypotheses, if any, supported by current theory or knowledge? Does the methodology cited in the literature provide guidance on available instrumentation for measuring variables? Are the results of prior studies informative for calculation of sample size and power? Did previous investigators describe the limitations of their research or suggest areas for future study?
- 17. Sources used ina literature review
- 18. Formulating the researchquestion / research objective
- 19. Formulating the researchquestion / research objective A research question is a concise question which expresses what the research project aims to address; it is the question the researcher wishes to answer Good research question follows (FINER) method • Adequate subject, expertise, affordable Feasible • To the investigator and readers Interesting • Confirm, extend or refute previous findings and provide new findings Novel • Fulfill safety guidelines Ethical • To question area Relevant
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- 21. Proposal writing Proposalis a summary of the suggested process to be used to answer the research question. The proposal should include all key elements involved in the proposed research process and include sufficient information for readers to evaluate the project.
- 22. Aims of aresearch proposal Serves as a road map to research project. Serves as an initial document to gain ethical approval. Serves as a documental method to gain funding source. Serves as a documental method to communicate to experts (mentors & statisticians).
- 23. Ethical approval – InstitutionalReview Board (IRB)
- 24. Ethical approval -Institutional Review Board (IRB) set of rules considered in the conduct of clinical studies. Protecting the rights, interests, and safety of research subjects must continue throughout the study duration. Subject safety monitoring is the responsibility of IRBs and data monitoring committees (DMCs).
- 25. Research design/Analytic planto test the hypothesis
- 26. Research design/Analytic planto test the hypothesis Selecting the proper study design based on research question & objectives. Selecting the group of interest to conduct your research (sample size). Selecting statistical tests based on study groups and variables of interest.
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- 28. Data collection Themain step by which we collect data that will be analyzed. Helps us to reach a conclusion about the research question. using data collection tools (Redcap – questionnaire)
- 29. Data entry andcleaning Manipulating data that collected. Removing duplicates and handling entry errors. using spread sheets (Excel).
- 30. Data analyses Analyzedata to prove the hypothesis. Using different statistical tests. Summarize and visualize end results. using soft wares (R, SPSS, STATA).
- 31. Research Writing andPublishing
- 32. Research Writing andPublishing Writing and discussing the results you obtained from the research project requires: English language skills. Ability of Scientific writing. Presentation skills.
- 34. Research … Research isoften viewed as the corner stone of scientific progress. It is a systematic process based on scientific methods that consist of testing hypotheses, careful observation and measurement, systematic evaluation of data, and drawing valid conclusions.
- 35. Finally … Integrationof what I know … and what I do … A step in health promotion. A step forward to a medical term known as (EBM).
- 36.