This document provides a summary of the selection process for a water cooled chiller system for Comin Khmere Co. Ltd. The following key steps are described: 1) A building load calculation using HAP software determined a total cooling load of 2357 kW. This required selecting a chiller with a 843.9 kW cooling capacity and 4 chillers total. 2) A 1012.68 kW cooling tower was selected based on the chiller condenser load and design parameters. 3) Pumps were selected to move 40.4 l/s of chilled water and 48.5 l/s of condenser water, with pressure drops of 270 kPa and 280 kPa respectively accounted

1. MINISTER OF EDUCATION YOUTH
AND SPORT
1
INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OF CAMBODIA
INDUSTRIAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
THESIS
Title :Water Cooled Chiller System Selection
Student : Mr. SENG Sunhor
Major : Industrial and Mechanical Engineering
Adviser : Mr. UN Amata
Academic year: 2015 – 2016

2. Outline
2
I. Introduction of Comin Khmere
II. Water Cooled Chiller System
IV. Conclusion
III. Calculation and Selection

3. I. Introduction
1. Comin Khmer Co. Ltd.,
3
The first MEP Company
Mechanical Electrical Plumbing
Figure2.1. Comin Khmere
 Address: No 8b,
Down Town Road,
Phnom Penh,

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II. Water Cooled Chiller System
1. Introduction of water cooled chiller system
2. Equipment of Water Cooled Chiller System

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1. Introduction of water cooled chiller system
 A kind of Air-conditioning system
 It was installed by combined many components
• Chiller
• Pump: Condenser water pump &
: Chilled water pump
• Cooling Tower
• Expansion Tank

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2. Equipment of Water Cooled Chiller System
 AHU/PHU  FCU
Used for indoor unit
Figure 2.2. Fain coil unitFigure 2.1. Air handing unit

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• Condenser
• Compressor
• Evaporator
 Components of Chiller
2. Equipment of Water Cooled Chiller System
Figure 2.3. Fain coil unit

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2. Equipment of Water Cooled Chiller System
 Cooling Tower Pump
Figure 2.4.Pump Figure 2.5.Cooling Tower

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III. Calculation and Selection
1. Building Load Calculation
2. Cooling Tower
4. Make-Up Tank
3. Pump (CHWP & CDWP)
2. Chiller

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1. Building Load Calculation
 ACLEDA DATA CENTER BUIDING
It has many kind of rooms
• There are six level; GF, 1F to 4F
and Terrace Floor.
• Data center room
• Office
• UPS room
• Meeting room

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 Hourly Analysis Program (HAP)
1. Building Load Calculation
Figure 3.1. Hourly Analysis Program

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1. Building Load Calculation
 FCU Selection from the Catalogs
• Total load in building = 2299kW
 Calculation by HAP
• Total Load = 2357 kW
 Chiller selection
No Description
Cooling Chiller Qty
Duty Standby
Load(kW) kW Total
1 Total load 2357 843.9 4 3 1
Table 3.1. Number of chiller; duty & standby

13. 13Figure.3.2 Chiller Catalog
Cooling Capacity
𝑄 𝑒𝑣𝑎 = 843.9𝑘𝑊

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2. Cooling Tower
 Net Heat Calculation Qconden𝑠𝑒𝑟; ( kW)
 Water flow rate mw; (kg/s or L/s)
 Inlet and out let temperature in CT ∆T; (℃)
∆𝑇 = TCT en − TC𝑇 out = 37℃ − 32℃ = 5℃
Winput = QH − QL = Qc𝑑 − Qeva
Second law of Thermodynamic
⇒ Qcd = Winput − Qeva (eq.1)

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Cooling Coefficient of Performance (COPR)
COPR =
Qeva
Winput
⇒ Winput =
Qeva
COPR
(eq.2)
• Qeva =843.9 kW; Cooling Capacity
• Winput: Power input (kW)
COPR ≈5; in water cooled chiller system
2. Cooling Tower

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Qcd = 𝑚 𝑤 𝑐 𝑝∆𝑇 ⇒ 𝑚 𝑤 =
Qcd
𝑐 𝑝∆𝑇
(eq.3)
 Water flow rate: 𝑚 𝑤;
 𝑐 𝑝=4.179 kJ/kg.K
𝑚 𝑤 =
1012.68
5×4.179
= 48.5 𝑙/𝑠=174.6 𝒎 𝟑
𝒉
(eq.1); => Qcd = Qeva +
Qeva
COPR
= 843.9 +
843.9
5
Qcd = 1012.68 𝑘𝑊
2. Cooling Tower

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No Description Qcd EWT LWT mw
kW ℃ ℃ m3
h
1 CT-01 1012.68 37 32 174.6
2 CT-01 1012.68 37 32 174.6
3 CT-01 1012.68 37 32 174.6
4 CT-01 1012.68 37 32 174.6
Table 3.1. Cooling selection
Data for selection cooling tower
2. Cooling Tower

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Cooling tower catalog
Fig 3.3. Cooling tower Catalog
Flow rate
197.9
2230E
2. Cooling Tower

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2230E

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 Flow rate; 𝑚 𝑤 and Pressure drop; 𝑃 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
TCH en ≈ 12 ℃; TCH(out) ≈ 7℃ ; ∆𝑇 = 5℃
Qeva = mwcp∆TCH ; ∆TCH = TCH(en) − TCH out ; eq. 4
mw =
Qeva
cp(TCH(en)−TCH out )
=
843.9
4.179 × 5
mw = 40.4 l/s
3. Chiller Water Pump

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PTotal=[2L(m)×100% ×400 × 10−3(kPa/m)+FCU(kPa)
+Chiller(kPa)] eq.5
 Estimation method
• Pressure drop that water across chiller is 49.8 kpa
• Pressure drop that water across FCU is 37.6 kpa
• 400 Pa m the maximum pressure drop along pipe
• L = 113m ; pipe length , 100%: Lossing a long fitting
PTotal = 2 × 113 × 2 × 400 × 10−3
kpa +
37.6 kpa + 49.8 kpa ]
𝐏 𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥=268.2 kPa
3. Chiller Water Pump

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 Detail Calculation Method
PTotal= Pt1 (drop by piping) + Pt (drop by fitting) eq.6
Pt1 = Pa × 𝐿 eq.7
• Pa: Pressure drop per meter Pa m
• 𝐿 = 16𝑚; 𝐷 = 150𝑚𝑚; 𝑚 𝑤 = 40.4 𝑙 𝑠
𝑚 𝑤 = 40.4 𝑙 𝑠
260pa
Figure 3.5. pipe sizing
D=150mm
3. Chiller Water Pump

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⇒ Pt1= 260 × 16 = 4160Pa = 4.16kPa
 Pressure drop by fitting Pt1
• Elbow, Tee; Y-strainer, Flexible
• Valves: Balancing, Butterfly, Motorize, check valve
 Conservation of mass: mw = ρVA eq.8
A =
П𝐷2
4
; eq.8; V =
4×mw
ρПD2 =
4×40.4
1000×3.14×0.152
𝑽 = 𝟐. 𝟑 𝐦/𝐬
• ρ = 1000 𝑘𝑔 𝑚3 ; mass volum of water;
• A: area (𝑚2
); 𝑉: 𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑚 𝑠
3. Chiller Water Pump

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Elbow 90° ⇒ 𝐿 = 5.1𝑚; Pt = 260 × 5.1 = 1326 Pa
⇒ Pt= 260 × 5.1 = 1326 Paeq.7
Fig 3.6. Equivalent length in meters of pipe for 90° Elbows
3. Chiller Water Pump
L=5.1m

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 Tee
• Tee (300mm to 150mm)
% =
154.53
154.53
= 1 = 100%
The % of water flowing through circled branch
L = n × l eq.9
• n: number of elbow;
• l: equivalent length in meter (m)
3. Chiller Water Pump

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100%
Flow
condition
n=1.7
Fig 3.7 % of water
3. Chiller Water Pump

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mw = ρVA ⇒ V =
4 × mw
ρПD2
eq.10
• mw =154.53 l/s D=300mm=0.3m
V =
4 × 154.53
1000 × 3.14 × 0.32
= 2.187 = 2.2 m s
Fig 3.7. 𝑙 = 9.1𝑚 ⇒ L=1.7 ×9.1=15.47
Fig 3. 5 Pt = 120 × 15.47 = 1856.4 Pa
3. Chiller Water Pump

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Equivalent length in meter of valves; l(m)
Dimension, D=150mm
Accessory Y-strainer Balancing Motorize Flexible Butterfly Check
Length(m) 34 34 1.4 1.4 1.4 18
Table.2. Equivalent length in meter of valves
Y-strainer Pt = 260 × 34 = 8840 Pa
Balancing valve Pt = 260 × 34 = 8840 Pa
Butterfly valve Pt = 260 × 1.4 = 364 Pa
Motorize valve Pt = 260 × 1.4 = 364 Pa
Check valve Pt = 260 × 18 = 4680 Pa
Flexible Pt = 260 × 1.4 = 364 Pa
3. Chiller Water Pump

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 Summarize total loss in pipe & fitting for the system
• Total discharge pressure drop: Ptotal,1 = 173.8kPa
• Total suction pressure drop: Ptotal,2 = 889kPa
Ptotal = 173808 + 88961 = 262769𝑃𝑎 = 𝟐𝟔𝟐. 𝟖𝐤𝐏𝐚
Comparison
Estimation: Ptoatl = 268.2 kPa Detail: Ptoatl = 262.8 kPa
 Pressure drop total selection: Ptotal = 𝟐𝟕𝟎𝐤𝐏𝐚
Error≈ 2.23%
3. Chiller Water Pump

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 Chiller water pump Data selection
No Description
Flow
Rate
Pressure
drop
Safety Coeff.
Total Pressure
drop
l/s kPa 20% kPa
1 CHWP-1 40.4 270 1.2 324
2 CHWP-2 40.4 270 1.2 324
3 CHWP-3 40.4 270 1.2 324
4 CHWP-4 40.4 270 1.2 324
Table 3.2. Cooling selection
3. Chiller Water Pump

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Chilled Water Pumps Schedule
ITEM DESCRIPTION SPECIFIED
1 Ref. CHP-1~4
2 Quantity (set) 4 ( 3 Duty + 1 Standby )
3 System Chilled Water System
4 Location GF Chiller Plant Room
5 Type
End suction or Horizontal
Split Casing
6 Flow Rate (L/s) 40.4
7 Pump Head (m) 32.4
8 Pump Speed (rpm) 1450
9 Pump Efficiency (%) Not Specified
10 Motor Power (kW) 30
11
Power Supply
(Volt/Phase/Hz)
380/3/50
12 Motor - Type TEFC
Table 3.3. chilled water pump schedule

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 Mass flow rate: mw = 48.5 𝑙 𝑠From: eq.3
 Total Pressure drop: Estimation method
PTotal = 2 × 105 × 2 × 400 × 10−3
kpa
+65 kpa + 38 kpa ]
PTotal=[2L(m)×100% ×400 × 10−3(kPa/m)+CT(kPa)
+H(kPa)] eq.11
• H=3.8m=38kPa Height of CT; L=105m; Loss in CT=65kPa;
100%: loss by fitting; 2: Return and supply pipe
𝐏 𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 = 𝟐𝟕𝟏𝐤𝐏𝐚
3. Condenser water pump

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 Detail Calculation, we calculate as Chiller water pump
• 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐷𝑊𝑆 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝: Ptotal,1 = 173.2𝐾𝑃𝑎
• 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝐷𝑊𝑅 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑝: Ptotal,2 = 102.6𝑘𝑃𝑎
Ptotal = 173.2 + 102.6 = 275.8𝑘𝑃𝑎
Ptotal = 𝟐𝟕𝟓. 𝟖 𝐤𝐏𝐚
Comparison
Estimation: Ptoatl = 271 kPa Detail: Ptoatl = 275.8 kPa
 Pressure drop total selection: Ptotal = 𝟐𝟖𝟎𝐤𝐏𝐚
Error≈ 1.74%
3. Condenser water pump

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No Description
Flowrate Pressure drop Safety Coeff P: total
l/s kPa 20% kPa
1 CHWP-1 48.5 280 1.2 336
2 CHWP-2 48.5 280 1.2 336
3 CHWP-3 48.5 280 1.2 336
4 CHWP-4 48.5 280 1.2 336
3. Chiller Water Pump
Table 3.4. Condenser water pump data selection

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Condenser Water Pumps Schedule
ITEM DESCRIPTION SPECIFIED
1 Ref. CWP-1~4
2 Quantity (set) 4 ( 3 Duty + 1 Standby )
3 System Condenser Water System
4 Location GF Chiller Plant Room
5 Type
End suction or Horizontal
Split Casing
6 Flow Rate (L/s) 48.5
7 Pump Head (m) 33.6
8 Pump Speed (rpm) 1450
9 Pump Efficiency (%) Not Specified
10 Motor Power (kW) 30
11 Power Supply (Volt/Phase/Hz)380/3/50
12 Motor - Type TEFC
Table 3.5. Condenser water pump schedule

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4. Make-Up Tank
 Evaporation loss, Drift loss and Blowdown loss
Make up water = Eva. loss + Drift loss + Blowdown loss
 Estimation of make up water calculation
• Evaporation loss=0.85%;
• Drift loss=0.02%;
• Blowdown loss=0.22%
=> Make up water=0.85+0.02+0.22%=1.09%
Water loss in 𝐶𝑇 =
48.5( 𝑙 𝑠)×1.09
100
= 0.53𝑙/𝑠

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VM = mw × %loss × hours; VM: water volume (𝑚3
)
VM = 48.5 ×
1.09
100
× 2 ℎ = 48.5 × 0.0109 × 2 × 3600
VM = 3806l = 3.8𝑚3
VT = 3.8𝑚3
× 4 = 15.2𝑚3
; 4: number of CT
VT: Volume total
VT = 15.2𝑚3
4. Make-Up Tank

38. CHILLER
FAN COIL UNIT
AIR HANDLING UNIT
2 WAY VALVE
2 WAY VALVE
FRESH AIR
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
RETURN AIR
SUPPLY AIR
PRESSURE SENSOR
CHECK VALVETEMPERATURE
SENSOR
PRIMARY CHILLED
WATER PUMP
(WITHOUT VSD CONTROL)
THERMOSTAT
25 %
24 °C
10 %
7 °C
23.5 °C
12 °C
COOLING TOWER
CONDENSER
WATER PUMP
TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
37 °C
32 °C

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 After I finished my thesis
• Calculation
• Selection
V. Conclusion
• Understand about water cooled chiller system
• Concept of designing

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