This document discusses nutritional needs for toddlers and young children. It emphasizes the importance of a healthy, balanced diet for proper growth and development. This includes eating a healthy breakfast based on breads and cereals along with a variety of foods. The document also discusses portion sizes, packed lunches, and provides tips for parents on encouraging nutritious eating habits for young kids.

1. Nutritional needs for toddlers and
young children

2. Aims / Objectives
• Fact around children’s healthy eating
• Importance of healthy breakfast
• Portion sizes
• Packed lunches
• Top tips for parents

3. Fact around children’s healthy eating
• Some young children have nutritional
problems that can have immediate and
long-term effects on their health
(weight), growth and development. Food
allergies, iron deficiency, tooth decay and
constipation are common in the early
years.

4. Does it really matter what children
eat?
• Yes. Evidence shows that when children eat better, they do better – in
many different ways:
• Better health – the food children eat today shapes how they will eat for
the rest of their lives. Too many children are still growing up overweight or
obese because of poor diet, while others are malnourished. (Research
shows that better food in schools is improving what children eat during
the school day, and there’s growing evidence to suggest that in schools
where more children have school meals, fewer pupils are dangerously
overweight).
• Better achievement and behaviour – there’s a clear link between what
children eat at lunchtime in school, where they eat it and how they focus
with their teachers in the afternoon. Improve the first two and children
concentrate better in the afternoons.
• Better diet overall – research shows that better food in schools affects
what children choose to eat at other times too. When children have better
cooking skills, their ability to recognise healthier foods improves and they
eat a healthier diet (Parents should encourage their children in setting
meal plans and preparing meals).

5. Healthy Breakfast
• Breakfast is the most important meal of the
day. It allows us to ‘break’ our overnight ‘fast’.
Children under 5 need a healthy breakfast
based on breads and cereals but including a
variety of foods.

6. Breakfast Ideas For the Under 5s
• √ Porridge with sliced banana or chopped fruit
• √ Wholegrain breakfast cereal with milk
• √ Full fat yogurt or fromage frais with chopped
fruit (fresh or canned)
• √ Wholegrain or white toast with spreads and
toppings such as low sugar jams, marmite,
soft cheese, scrambled eggs

8. Health Portions
• Some parents say that their child just stops eating
when they’ve had enough, but others find that their
child will go on eating and eating until they are told
to stop. All children are different and may need
different amounts of food depending on how they
feel and what they have been doing that day – e.g. a
child who has been running around all day will need
more food than one who isn’t feeling very well.

9. Healthy portions / snacks

10. Packed lunches with a nutritional punch
• When children eat better at lunchtime,
they do better in class in the afternoon.
But research also shows that the vast
majority of packed lunches aren’t
meeting the same healthy standards as
school meals.

11. Packed lunches
• Only around one in ten packed lunches in
England meet children’s nutritional needs. A
balanced diet is about eating lots of different
foods to get the nutrients you need, and it’s
hard to get that variety into lunchboxes.
• So if you’re going down the packed lunch
route, be prepared to put in a fair bit of time
and effort.

12. Examples of healthy packed lunch

13. Top Tips for parents
• Don't forget! Children aged 1-4 years don't eat set portion sizes like many
adults do
• How much they eat varies widely from day to day and meal to meal. In
general, if your 1-4 year old is taller or more active he/she will eat larger
portions of some foods than if he/she is smaller or less active.
• Allow your child to eat to his/her appetite. Don't urge young children to
finish everything on the plate or to eat more than they wish to.
• Be careful about how much milk and milk products your toddler / child
consumes, as too much can reduce appetites for iron-containing foods.
Also, small portion sizes have been recommended for the foods high in fat
and sugar because these low nutrient, energy-dense foods should be
limited to prevent toddlers becoming overweight or obese.

14. References
•
Children’s Food Trust (2013) Eat Well Do Better: Packed lunches. Online. Available
from: http://www.childrensfoodtrust.org.uk/parents/schoolfood/packedlunches
(Accessed 29 December 2013).
•
Infant Toddler Forum (2013) Online. Available from:
www.infantandtoddlerforum.org (Accessed 29 December 2013).
•
Cooke, L. (no date) Cbeebies: Portion sizes for kids. Online. Available from:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/cbeebies/grownups/article/portion-sizes-for-kids (Accessed
29 December 2013).
•
Change for life (2013) Eat Well: Lunch boxes. Online. Available from:
http://www.nhs.uk/Change4Life/Pages/healthy-lunchbox-picnic.aspx (Accessed 29
December 2013).