This document provides information on chemotherapy and disease treatment for fish. It discusses the causes of disease in fish, common disease organisms like viruses and bacteria, and how fish are affected by the parasite Diplostomum spathaceum. It outlines important considerations before treatment, such as water quality testing and ensuring the health of fish. Treatment procedures discussed include individual dip treatments, bath treatments of various durations and concentrations, swab treatments, and flush and flow-through treatments added to tanks or ponds. Precautions for safe handling of chemicals are also described.

2. CHEMOTHERAPY?
Chemotherapy is the usage of drugs and chemicals for the
treatment of infectious disease which is effective against
pathogen but does not have adverse effect on the host.
Such as salt, formalin, xylene, potassium permanganate
etc.
The three main causes of disease are:
•Improper feeding
•Stress through extreme or toxic condition
•Attack by disease organisms

3. DISEASE ORGANISM
1)Virus
2)Bacteria
3)Parasites

4. HOW FISH ARE AFFECTED?
Life cycle of Diplostomum spathaceum

5. BEFORE TREATMENT
• Information on chemical characteristics of the
water supply
• Toxicity and efficacy of the treatment
• To test it first on a sick fish
• Healthy fish are more tolerable than sick fish
• Treatment levels may need to be reduced if the
fish are weak or in poor condition.

6. EQUIPMENTS FOR TREATMENT

7. TREATMENT PROCEDURES
1 2
3
4
Fig. Dip Treatment

8. 2) Bath Treatment: Fish are kept in a chemical solution for short time or
medium or long time in various concentration.
a) Short Bath: Lasts for few minutes to one hour in medium
concentration.
b) Long Bath: Up to 24 to 48 hours (long bath) in a very low
concentration
c) Swab treatment: The concentrated chemical is applied directly to
the individual fish, usually with cotton wool or a sponge.
3. Flush treatment: Chemicals are added to the inlet of ponds or tanks.
4. Flow-through treatment: Constant supply of chemicals is added to the
inflow for a specified time.
TREATMENT PROCEDURES

9. PRECAUTIONS
• Protect your hands by wearing rubber gloves
• Work in a well-ventilated area
• Handle chemicals carefully, avoiding splashing
• Avoid inhaling dangerous vapours
• Clearly mark all containers, equipment and
protective clothing used for storing and handling
chemicals
• Thoroughly wash your hands after use, and
particularly before touching any food.