Chapter6
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This document discusses various topics related to telecommunications and networking. It defines network operating systems, network management software, encryption, encryption keys, securing wireless networks using WEP and WPA, virtual private networks, cellular phone services, and digital subscriber line technologies like ADSL and SDSL. Specific security risks of cracking WEP encryption with tools like aircrack-ptw are also mentioned.
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This document summarizes the history and security of Wi-Fi networks. It discusses how early security protocols like WEP were cracked and how newer protocols like WPA and WPA2 improved security but still have vulnerabilities. It provides advice on securing Wi-Fi networks including using a VPN, long passwords, and MAC address filtering. The document warns about risks of public hotspots and outlines legal issues around unauthorized network access.
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Virtual Private Network (VPN).
Virtual private networks (VPNs) allow users to securely access a private network over a public network like the Internet. VPNs use tunneling, encryption, and authentication to provide security. Common VPN protocols include PPTP, L2TP, and IPsec. VPNs allow remote access for users and can connect multiple office sites through site-to-site VPNs. VPNs provide benefits like security, reliability, cost savings, and ability to connect globally but can have lower bandwidth and inconsistent performance compared to dedicated connections.
Virtual private networks (vpn)
1. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) allow employees to securely access a company's private network from remote locations over the public Internet rather than using a private leased line.
2. VPNs use encryption, authentication, and tunneling protocols to create a secure connection between a user's device and the private network. This allows employees to work remotely while maintaining the security of the private network.
3. There are different types of VPN implementations including intranet VPNs within an organization, extranet VPNs for connections outside an organization, and remote access VPNs for individual employees to connect to the business network remotely. Common protocols used include PPTP, L2TP, and IPsec.
Network Fundamental for Malware Analysis.pptx
This document provides an overview of basic network fundamentals and components relevant for malware analysis. It discusses what a computer network is, sample network configurations, wired and wireless network components like cables and media. It also covers network communication topics like IP addresses, subnets, DNS, and how web pages work. Finally, it provides a brief introduction to the Windows Registry and how it is used to store program settings and locations.
Uses Of Voice Over Internet Protocol
VOIP, or Voice over Internet Protocol, allows users to make phone calls using an Internet connection instead of a regular phone line. It works by converting analog audio signals into digital data that can be transmitted over the Internet. VOIP provides the ability to make free phone calls through a standard Internet connection and has emerged as an innovative technology that can transform phone systems globally.
group 10.pptx
This document provides a summary of computer applications in business. It discusses various topics related to business communications including communication hardware, channels, protocols, networks, security, and electronic commerce. The key points covered are:
- Communication hardware transfers data between computers and includes channels, interface cards, and control units. Common channel media are fiber optic cables and microwaves.
- Protocols define rules for data transmission between devices to ensure compatible communication. Networks like LANs and WANs connect computers over different geographic areas. The Internet uses TCP/IP protocols to connect global networks.
- Electronic commerce allows businesses to sell goods over the internet through websites connected to databases. Customers can browse products, fill orders,
Network security
The biggest threat to network security is underestimating the threat to network security. And as IP networks become the defector standard, ignoring this reality can extract a heavy price down the road.
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
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significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
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Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
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and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
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9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
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occur natural.
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Chapter6
- 1. Lectured By : Mr. Kean Tak Group 5 Members: OUNG SOMEY SARY SENATE PHOUK RATHA POM CHANVEASNA SEN POTIN SREANG TITH PHEN PHEAROTH POUNG SONITA RIN CHET SOEUN PIDO SLIDE NUMBERS : 37-44 CLASS : A2 Y4 ACADEMIC YEAR: 2012-2013
- 2. Telecommunication Software Securing Data Transmission Virtual Private Network Telecommunication and Network Application Cellular Phone Service
- 3. Network Operating System (NOS) – system software -> controls computer system + devices on a network Network Management Software • Protects software from being used illegally • Locates telecommunication errors and network problems
- 4. Encryption – Converting an message into a form that only receiver(machine) can be understood but not people Encryption Key – variable value -> produce encrypted text + decrypted text
- 6. Securing wireless networks • WEP – Wired equivalent privacy -> to secure wireless network • WEP use encryption based on 64bits key and upgraded to 128bits key • Lack of security from hacker to crack the key • Most wireless networks employ WPA – security protocol -> offers significantly improved protection over WEP
- 7. Securing wireless networks • War driving -> hacker driving around with a laptop and antenna trying to detect insecure wireless access point • the hacker can gather enough traffic to analyze and crack the encryption • On WEP-encrypted network( 85,000 packages to analyze) -> 95% that the hacker can crack the code using the program aircrack-ptw running on PC
- 8. private network that uses a public network (usually the Internet) to connect multiple remote locations. support secure, encrypted connections between a company’s private network and remote users through a third-party service provider. Telecommuters, salespeople, and frequent travelers find the use of a VPN to be a safe, reliable, low-cost way to connect to the corporate intranet.
- 9. Cellular Phone Service • Cellular Phones – operate using radio waves to provide two-way communication + Linked to a cordless phone via a bluetooth connection • Picocell –small cellular base station designed to serve a very small area
- 10. Digital Subscriber line(DSL)-telecommunications service -> delivers high-speed Internet access over the existing phone lines of the local telephone network Asymmetric DSL (ADSL)- line designed -> provide a connection speed download speed 3-4 times faster than upload speed Symmetric DSL (SDSL) – used mainly by small businesses + not allow you to use the phone at the same time but the speed of receiving = speed sending data