1. Chapter 7
Memory
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2. Initial Studies
Hermann Ebbinghaus – late 1800s
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3. Memory
 Recognition
 Recall
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4. Traditional Model of Memory
 There are three types of memory: sensory,
short-term, and long-term.
And also, Flashbulb memory…
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6. Flashbulb Memory
Procedural Memory
• Memory for how to do things:
• Ride a bike
• Skateboard
• Play an instrument
• Performance of skills is task specific
• Alterations in neural processing structures are most
likely the cause of procedural skills
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7. Other Approaches
 Tip-of-the-tongue
(TOT): used to study
the network of semantic
memories
 The study of flashbulb
memories has provided
information about
episodic memory.
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8. Information-Processing Model
 A parallel between the computer and human
memory.
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9. Other Approaches
 Craik and Lockhart > only one type of
memory.
 The level of processing may determine the
permanence of the storage of this memory.
Schemas will
Chapter 7 Memory help me
remember
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10. Memory
 The number of sessions, distribution of practice,
meaningfulness of items, similarity of items, and
serial position (latency, recency effects) of items
influence human learning.
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11. Forgetting
 Proactive Interference: old material
interferes new.
 Retroactive interference: new material
interferes old.
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12. Amnesia
 Retrograde amnesia
 May occur when memories
are not allowed to
consolidate or set.
 Anterograde amnesia
 New information cannot be
stored, although old
memories remain intact
 Can result from damage to
hippocampus
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13. Mnemonics
 Imagery
 Peg-word
 Acronyms
 Acrostics
 The method of loci
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14. Other
 Encoding specificity > associated with
retrieval
 It has been suggested that memories of
childhood sexual abuse may be repressed
and recalled during adulthood.
 Often suggestions made by a therapist.
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