The document discusses various methods for downloading and storing digital information, including: 1) File Transfer Protocol (FTP) which allows transferring files between networked computers using FTP client programs with either a command line or graphical user interface. 2) File compression utilities like WinZip which use algorithms to compact file sizes for more efficient storage and transfer, without losing data. 3) Software download sites that provide freeware and shareware programs that can be downloaded, with freeware being free but possibly less polished, and shareware requiring payment after trial usage. 4) Online storage services which offer remote storage space that can be accessed online through the provider's website, allowing backup of personal files and sharing of documents.

1. Chapter 6 Downloading and Storing Information

2. Learning Objectives Define the role and function of File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Explain how to use command-line and GUI FTP client programs. Demonstrate how file compression works and how to use file compression programs to compress and decompress files.

3. Learning Objectives Describe how software download sites work and how to download programs from software download sites. Compare and contrast shareware and freeware. Explain online storage and how to create an online storage account.

4. Chapter Focus File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Command-Line FTP Client Program Web Browser FTP Use Dedicated FTP Client Programs File Compression Utilities Software Download Sites Online Storage

5. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Developed to enable users to transfer files between networked computers Does not set limits on sizes and types of files to transfer FTP Server Software With permission, allows client (local) computers access to files in specified folders (directories) on the server (host) computer Anonymous FTP servers Open to the public Typically allow only downloading

6. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Command-Line FTP client programs User types simple commands Graphical user interface (GUI) FTP client programs Point-and-click interface with buttons or menus and allows dragging and dropping of files Process to perform FTP operations Connect to FTP server Start an FTP session (login)

7. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) GUI FTP Client Program

8. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Review What advantages does FTP offer compared to transferring files through e-mail? What three items are necessary to transfer files to and from another computer via FTP? What passwords do anonymous FTP sites usually accept?

9. Command-Line FTP Client Program To connect in Windows Vista Click Start Type ftp in the Instant Search box and then press Enter

10. Command-Line FTP Client Program To begin a command-line FTP session type open followed by the FTP host’s URL or IP address and then press Enter To connect in Windows Vista Click Start Type ftp in the Instant Search box and then press Enter Type commands in lowercase followed by a space and then text –if text is necessary such as a file or folder name After typing the command and any necessary text, press Enter to execute the command

11. Command-Line FTP Client Program Commands lcd Displays the current local folder on your computer lcd followed by a local computer or network drive and folder name Changes the local folder

12. Command-Line FTP Client Program Commands dir Displays the contents of the current remote or host folder on the FTP server cd followed by a remote folder name Changes the current remote folder get followed by the file name Begins download process File and folder names must be typed exactly as they appear on the screen

13. Command-Line FTP Client Program Commands mget Can be used to download multiple files in one command Separate each file name with a space Typing y confirms a download and typing n rejects it disconnect or close Terminates a session – but leaves program open bye Closes the session and the program

14. Command-Line FTP Client Program Transfer modes ASCII mode Text files Binary mode All other files Content listings Remote folder names start with d Remote file names start with a dash (-)

15. Command-Line FTP Client Program Command-Line FTP Session scroll bar

16. Command-Line FTP Client Program Windows Vista Command-Line FTP Client Program Help command list request command definition request command definition command list

17. Command-Line FTP Client Program Windows Vista Command-Line FTP Client Program Log On connection established successful log on password (invisible) user name for anonymous ftp request to establish connection with ftp server

18. Command-Line FTP Client Program Command-Line FTP Client Folder and File Listings remote directory (begins with d ) remote file (begins with -) local (client) directory

19. Command-Line FTP Client Program Command-Line FTP Program File Download hash marks represent download buffers successful download notification file name

20. Command-Line FTP Client Program Review What does the mget command enable the user to do? What command is used in a command-line FTP client to start an FTP session? What are the two different transfer modes, and what type of file is each used for?

21. Web Browser FTP Use Major browsers contain built-in GUI FTP capabilities Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator, Mozilla Firefox, and Opera To start an FTP session in Internet Explorer Type the FTP host address in the browser Address bar and then press Enter Example: ftp.irs.gov

22. Web Browser FTP Use When connection is made to an FTP site If a username and password is required, a dialog box will be given Once connected to an FTP site click the Page button in the Standard Toolbar and click Open FTP Site In Windows Explorer to open the FTP site in a Windows Explorer window Will again be prompted for username and password, but the dialog box provides an additional checkbox option to save password

23. Web Browser FTP Use When user is logged in Click the Folders button to display a tree hierarchy on local and remote computer or networks Top folder is known as a root folder

24. Web Browser FTP Use Log On As Dialog Box

25. Web Browser FTP Use Explorer Bar Showing Folder Tree Forward Server address Search Back Local Files and Folders Click the Folders button to display the Folder Tree Explorer bar

26. Web Browser FTP Use User can click the Views button to change the way the main browser pane lists folders and files As in the Windows Explorer file manager available views include Tiles, Icons, List The easiest way to download files from the FTP site is by dragging and dropping between Internet Explorer and a separate Computer window Computer window can be opened by clicking Start and then Computer Files and folders can be dragged from Internet Explorer to the open folder in the Computer window Multiple files can be selected by holding down the Ctrl key when making selections

27. Web Browser FTP Use Files can also be downloaded from an FTP server by right-clicking the desired file in the browser window and then clicking Copy to Folder in the shortcut menu that appears Standard file management tasks such as renaming, deleting, cutting, and pasting are available when accessing an FTP site with Internet Explorer A warning message or symbol mouse pointer will appear if a user attempts to execute a forbidden activity

28. Web Browser FTP Use Copying Message Box

29. Web Browser FTP Use Browse For Folder Dialog Box

30. Web Browser FTP Use Forbidden Activity Symbol forbiddeen activity symbol indicating prohibited file movement

31. Web Browser FTP Use Review How can you start an FTP session using Internet Explorer? What happens if a user attempts to execute a forbidden activity? What techniques can you use to transfer files from an FTP server accessed via Internet Explorer?

32. Dedicated FTP Client Programs Dedicated GUI FTP client programs Offer additional convenient features Feature a split-view interface Local folders/files in left pane Remote server folders/files in right pane Ability to save FTP addresses and log-on information, connection wizards, and so on Many are shareware, some are freeware Filezilla – freeware and open source

33. Dedicated FTP Client Programs FTP Command Interface Connection Wizard button Local computer folders and files Download progress Remote server folder and files

34. Dedicated FTP Client Programs Review What do the panes in a split-view GUI FTP client interface show? How can files and folders be transferred using GUI FTP clients?

35. File Compression Utilities Use algorithms to compact the data in a file Resulting new file is smaller than the original Economizes file storage, transfer, e-mail attachments Text files can be reduced by 50% or more Many image formats are already stored in a compressed format, so savings are not significant When a file is decompressed and restored, no data is lost, file size is back to original size

36. File Compression Utilities WinZip Classic Interface Showing Compression Statistics uncompressed file size (bytes) percentage file size reduction compressed file size (bytes)

37. File Compression Utilities WinZip is one of the most popular compression utilities Most compression utilities create compressed files with a .zip file name extension Compressing is known as zipping a file Decompressing is known as unzipping or extracting a file WinZip files are known as archives, and an archive can contain one or more compressed files

38. File Compression Utilities WinZip Wizard

39. File Compression Utilities Review How do compression utilities work? What is an archive? What file types will not result in a smaller file size when compressed using a lossless compression technology?

40. Software Download Sites Sites such as www.tucows.com and www.download.com offer freeware and shareware software programs for download and installation Freeware Copyrighted software Developer makes available for free distribution and use Developer requires no compensation, but requires that software not be modified or sold May contain more bugs or errors than commercial programs that have gone through extensive testing

41. Software Download Sites Tucows Software Download Site Home Page Search engine Downloads sorted by operating system Download categories Other download categories

42. Software Download Sites Shareware Can be released as trial ware or demo software Usually require payment and registration after limited trial period – usually 30 days If not registered, software may be disabled, or pop-up windows may periodically appear to remind user to register and pay Once registered, additional or enhanced features of the software may be enabled

43. Software Download Sites Shareware Product Registration Screen

44. Software Download Sites Download Site Program Descriptions

45. Software Download Sites Mirror site server Duplicates the contents of another server Takes some of the load off the busier server Periodic updates must be made to the mirror sites to ensure they reflect any changes made to the original site

46. Software Download Sites Download Mirror Site Selection Mirror locations Mirror sites

47. Software Download Sites File Download Dialog Box

48. Software Download Sites Review What is a software download site? What is the difference between freeware and shareware? What are mirror sites?

49. Online Storage Provide remote storage space on their servers that can be accessed online Once an account is established, user can log on with a user name and password to use his or her designated storage space Most providers back up the storage services to protect against data loss But if provider goes out of business, for example, data could still be lost Always have a secondary backup

50. Online Storage Online Storage Trial Offer

51. Online Storage Yahoo! Briefcase Additional Storage Space Offers

52. Online Storage Review What are some of the methods that can be used to upload and download files to or from an online storage service? What can an online storage service be used for?