The document discusses multimedia content on the web including images, audio, animated content, and using the Windows Media Player. It explains how browsers handle different media types using plug-ins and helper applications. It also describes common image formats, compressed audio formats, streaming audio, creating animations with JavaScript, Flash and video. Finally, it outlines the features and functionality of the Windows Media Player.

1. Chapter 7 Experiencing Multimedia

2. Learning Objectives Explain the role of plug-ins and helper applications in supporting multimedia on the Web. Demonstrate how to download and install plug-ins. Explain how images are supported by HTML. Examine and evaluate the different image formats suitable for Web use.

3. Learning Objectives Summarize how Internet audio and streaming audio and video works. Explain peer-to-peer file sharing networks. Differentiate between the various methods used to create animated content on the Web. Demonstrate how to use the Windows Media Player.

4. Chapter Focus Browsers and Multimedia Images Audio Animated Content Windows Media Player

5. Browsers and Multimedia The use of more than one type of media Text Graphics Animated graphics Video Audio Hypertext Browser extensions Extend the function of a browser Helper Applications Plug-ins and ActiveX Controls

6. Browsers and Multimedia Helper Applications Stand-alone programs that a browser can call on to display different media content once the browser downloads the content When a browser encounters a file it looks at the file extension to determine its MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension)

7. Browsers and Multimedia Helper Applications Browsers use MIME type to determine how to display or handle a file For example, if the browser is asked to display a file with a .pdf extension it looks for a copy of Adobe Acrobat Reader application and opens the program to display the file

8. Browsers and Multimedia Plug-ins and ActiveX Controls Two most common plug-in types are Netscape-style plug-ins and ActiveX Controls ActiveX Controls help expand Internet Explorer capabilities but can let spyware, adware, and other programs install themselves without knowledge of user Disabling ActiveX controls is one solution to potential danger

9. Browsers and Multimedia Plug-ins and ActiveX Controls Small programs that extend the capability of browsers in dealing with different types of media Not stand-alone Do not require content to be downloaded Plug-ins reside in a browser’s plug-ins folder inside browser application folder plug-ins folder plug-ins

10. Browsers and Multimedia Review What is the difference between a helper application and a plug-in? What are MIME types, and what role do they play in browser functionality? Why do some computer users disable ActiveX controls?

11. Images Images in Web pages are not saved as part of the Web page document, but exist as separate files The file size of an HTML page plus all of its images added together should be less than 100 KB whenever possible An image repeated on a Web page is only loaded once

12. Images How images are displayed

13. Images Image Formats Bitmap or raster files Resolution dependent Image quality will be adversely affected if an image is enlarged or reduced Uncompressed bitmap file formats produce file sizes too large for Web use

14. Images Image Formats GIF images Most commonly used on the Web Result of lossless technology that shrinks an image’s file size without sacrificing any of the original data Supports only 256 colors Often used for drawings or illustrations

15. Interlacing allows the Web browser to display an image gradually as the image downloads Transparency allows Web page background color to show through a selected portion of an image Animated GIFs create an illusion of motion by instructing a browser to load two or more images in succession Images Interlaced GIF Image Loading

16. Images Image Formats JPEG images Use a lossy image compression technology that supports more than 16 million colors Best Web image for photographs Lossy technologies discard some data during compression process Saving an image as a JPEG file causes some of the original data to be lost

17. Images Image Formats PNG Images Supported by browser versions 4.x and above Should not be used on Web pages likely to be viewed by people using older browsers

18. Images Using Web Images Without permission may violate copyright law If a Web page does not contain a copyright statement, it may still not be free for download and use

19. Images Copying Web Images Right-click image to access Save menu Option may not be available if a Web page contains scripting to disable the right-click function

20. Images Copying Web Images User can use screen capture software to capture images, and can crop to save a portion of the screen cropped area

21. Images Finding images Several search engines allow users to click hyperlink or button that enables image-only searching Many US government agency Web sites contain images that can be used freely A number of Web sites offer copyright-free, royalty-free, or public domain images and clipart that can be used on Web pages

22. Images Review What are the three principal image formats used in Web pages? Which of the three image formats uses lossy compression? Which image format supports interlacing, transparency, and animation? How can an image be saved from a Web page?

23. Audio Early audio files Huge file sizes to offer high-fidelity sound 3-minute song recorded using uncompressed WAV audio file format could result in a 30 MB file Developments in audio technology Compressed audio formats Streaming audio

24. Audio Compressed audio formats Offers satisfactory sound quality, small file sizes Codecs Technology used to compress and decompress audio files Lossy codecs remove irrelevant or redundant data Average person will not notice difference between uncompressed and compressed audio

25. Compressed audio format Lossless formats becoming more popular with increasing availability of broadband Internet Sampling rate and bit rate Determines the quality and size of digital audio encoding Variable bit rate encoding (VBR) features continuously changing bit rate depending on complexity of the content encoded Audio

26. Audio MP3 Audio File Format Most popular audio file format in use on the Internet today Developed to comply with standards created by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) Can be used to produce CD-quality audio using only a fraction of the space

27. Audio Nullsoft Winamp Media Player Interface

28. Audio File Sharing Client computers connect to servers in what is known as a client/server system or model

29. Audio File Sharing Number of companies allow users to legally purchase and download songs over the Internet One of the most successful examples of an online music store is Apple iTunes

30. Audio Streaming audio Eliminated the need for downloading by delivering audio content on a continuous just-in-time basis Works by transmitting portions of audio data (and more recently video) data that can be played as soon as it is received Avoids the necessity of downloading an entire file before it can be played Buffering Avoids broadcast interruptions due to bandwidth fluctuations

31. Audio Streaming audio Thousands of radio stations offer streaming broadcasts from around the world Number of sources offer webcasts available via the Internet only

32. Audio Live streaming Makes broadcast available only during a certain time period On-demand streaming Makes a broadcast available on user request On-Demand Program Listing

33. Audio Embedded Audio Audio files can also be embedded in Web pages to create background music Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) audio file format Often used for embedding background music on Web pages MIDI files are usually very small because a file contains musical instructions rather than an actual sound recording

34. Audio Review What is a codec? What is a sampling rate? What is streaming audio?

35. Animated Content Animated content is the process used to create the impression of animation or motion on a Web page and is the same process used to produce the motion effect seen in film or video The most frequently used frame speed is 12 frames per second (fps) for Web animation Different technologies used JavaScript, Java Applets, animated GIF images, Flash and Shockwave movies, and different video formats

36. Animated Content Bouncing ball animation effect

37. Animated Content JavaScript A scripted programming language that resides within an HTML document Enables a browser to change page content dynamically in response to viewer input JavaScript combined with HTML and CSS-P (Cascading Style Sheets-Positioning) Creates dynamic HTML (DHTML)

38. Animated Content Rollover JavaScript

39. Animated Content Java applets Small applications (programs) created using the Java programming language Provides interactivity in a Web page Calculators Games Other interactive tools for Web sites

40. Animated Content Copy and paste this code into an HTML document.

41. Animated Content Animated GIF Files A software program known as GIF animator is used to stitch together a series of GIF images

42. Animated Content Adobe Flash ® and Shockwave ® players Two very popular vector-based animation applications used to create Web page animation Scalable They can be enlarged or reduced without suffering a loss of image quality Plays inside a browser window and can be streamed so that the animation begins playing before the entire file downloads

43. Animated Content Video Digital video is the digital equivalent of the motion picture film used to record real-life motion pictures A broadband connection is recommended for the best results in viewing streaming video broadcasts

44. Animated Content Review What is the best kind of Internet connection for viewing streaming video? What can cause interruptions to a streaming video broadcast?

45. Comes installed with Windows Vista A multifunctional media player Play music located on CDs, computer drives, or other media Play Internet radio programs View DVDs and VCDs Play Internet video Rip songs from CDs, store them on your computer, and burn them to CD-R Create playlists and organize media content Synchronize content to portable devices Windows Media Player

46. Windows Media Player Windows Media Player Visualization and Song Information

47. To display menu bar (which is hidden by default) click the Library tab, click Layout Options menu, then click Show Classic Menus Media files can be opened in the media player by clicking File on the menu bar and then clicking Open or Open URL Library tab can be used to create song playlists and organize content Rip tab enables user to copy tracks from audio CD Burn or copy to CD-R by clicking Burn tab Windows Media Player

48. Sync tab enables user to synchronize content to portable media player Button to right of the Sync button changes to display the selected music store, the Windows Media Guide, or a list of online stores Windows Media Player

49. Click one to visit the store and purchase music Windows Media Player

50. Displaying the Media Guide and clicking Internet Radio link displays a list of radio stations sorted by genre Windows Media Player Stop Previous Play Next Mute Volume

51. Can also select other media types such as cartoons, high definition movies and games Windows Media Player

52. Windows Media Player Review What can the Windows Media Player be used for? How can an online store be changed? How can a radio station be saved to the My Stations group?