Chapter 4 igneous rocks formation 20122013
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06 investigating formation of igneous rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies. Intrusive igneous rocks, like granite, form below ground where the magma cools slowly, allowing large crystals to grow. Extrusive igneous rocks, like basalt, form above ground where magma cools rapidly, resulting in small crystals. Experiments cooling magma in different conditions demonstrated how cooling rate affects crystal size in igneous rocks and helped determine where around a volcano certain rocks would have formed.
Rocks - Igneous
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and hardens. They can form inside Earth's interior as intrusive igneous rocks or outside Earth's surface as extrusive igneous rocks. The texture of igneous rocks depends on the rate of cooling - slow cooling leads to large crystal grains as in intrusive rocks, while rapid cooling of lava produces extrusive rocks with small or no crystal grains.
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. They are classified based on their composition and texture, ranging from glassy to coarse-grained. Intrusive igneous rocks form when magma cools slowly underground, resulting in large crystals, while extrusive rocks form above ground where lava cools rapidly, having small or no crystals. Common examples are granite as an intrusive rock and basalt as an extrusive rock.
Igneous Rocks
This document describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It focuses on igneous rocks, which form from the cooling of molten rock and are either intrusive or extrusive. Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly underground, resulting in large crystals, while extrusive rocks cool rapidly after erupting as lava, leading to small or no crystals. The composition and cooling rate determine the specific igneous rock type, such as granite, basalt, or obsidian.
5.3 igneous rocks
Igneous rock forms when lava cools and hardens. There are two categories of igneous rock: intrusive and extrusive. Intrusive rock forms deep underground, allowing slow cooling that results in large crystal formation. Extrusive rock forms on the surface through rapid cooling, preventing large crystals. The size of crystals determines whether the texture is rough from large crystals or smooth from small crystals.
Rock Formation Q & A
The document provides information about rock formation and classification. It defines igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, either below the surface (intrusive) or above (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form through compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing rocks through heat, pressure and fluids. Rocks are classified based on texture, composition and formation processes. The rock cycle illustrates how rocks continuously change between the three main types through various natural processes.
Igneous rock ge 106
This document provides an overview of igneous rocks and their formation. It discusses that igneous rocks form from the cooling of molten magma or lava. The cooling rate affects crystal size - slower cooling produces larger crystals and faster cooling produces smaller crystals. Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly underground and have coarse grains, while extrusive rocks cool quickly at the surface and have fine grains. Texture is determined by crystal size and arrangements. Examples of textures discussed are phaneritic, aphanitic, porphyritic, glassy and pyroclastic.
Rocks: Igneous Rocks
The document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It provides details on how each type forms, including that igneous rocks form from cooling magma either underground resulting in large crystals or above ground resulting in small crystals. Sedimentary rocks form from compression or precipitation of minerals at the Earth's surface. Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing rocks via heat, pressure, and fluids.
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06 investigating formation of igneous rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies. Intrusive igneous rocks, like granite, form below ground where the magma cools slowly, allowing large crystals to grow. Extrusive igneous rocks, like basalt, form above ground where magma cools rapidly, resulting in small crystals. Experiments cooling magma in different conditions demonstrated how cooling rate affects crystal size in igneous rocks and helped determine where around a volcano certain rocks would have formed.
Rocks - Igneous
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and hardens. They can form inside Earth's interior as intrusive igneous rocks or outside Earth's surface as extrusive igneous rocks. The texture of igneous rocks depends on the rate of cooling - slow cooling leads to large crystal grains as in intrusive rocks, while rapid cooling of lava produces extrusive rocks with small or no crystal grains.
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. They are classified based on their composition and texture, ranging from glassy to coarse-grained. Intrusive igneous rocks form when magma cools slowly underground, resulting in large crystals, while extrusive rocks form above ground where lava cools rapidly, having small or no crystals. Common examples are granite as an intrusive rock and basalt as an extrusive rock.
Igneous Rocks
This document describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It focuses on igneous rocks, which form from the cooling of molten rock and are either intrusive or extrusive. Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly underground, resulting in large crystals, while extrusive rocks cool rapidly after erupting as lava, leading to small or no crystals. The composition and cooling rate determine the specific igneous rock type, such as granite, basalt, or obsidian.
5.3 igneous rocks
Igneous rock forms when lava cools and hardens. There are two categories of igneous rock: intrusive and extrusive. Intrusive rock forms deep underground, allowing slow cooling that results in large crystal formation. Extrusive rock forms on the surface through rapid cooling, preventing large crystals. The size of crystals determines whether the texture is rough from large crystals or smooth from small crystals.
Rock Formation Q & A
The document provides information about rock formation and classification. It defines igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, either below the surface (intrusive) or above (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form through compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing rocks through heat, pressure and fluids. Rocks are classified based on texture, composition and formation processes. The rock cycle illustrates how rocks continuously change between the three main types through various natural processes.
Igneous rock ge 106
This document provides an overview of igneous rocks and their formation. It discusses that igneous rocks form from the cooling of molten magma or lava. The cooling rate affects crystal size - slower cooling produces larger crystals and faster cooling produces smaller crystals. Intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly underground and have coarse grains, while extrusive rocks cool quickly at the surface and have fine grains. Texture is determined by crystal size and arrangements. Examples of textures discussed are phaneritic, aphanitic, porphyritic, glassy and pyroclastic.
Rocks: Igneous Rocks
The document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It provides details on how each type forms, including that igneous rocks form from cooling magma either underground resulting in large crystals or above ground resulting in small crystals. Sedimentary rocks form from compression or precipitation of minerals at the Earth's surface. Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing rocks via heat, pressure, and fluids.
Geography - rock formation rock cycle - GCSE
This document provides information about three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It describes how igneous rocks form from molten rock, either on the surface as extrusive rock or below the surface as intrusive rock. Sedimentary rocks form from compaction and cementation of sediments, in clastic, organic, or chemical forms. Metamorphic rocks are any rocks transformed by heat and pressure, either in foliated layers or nonfoliated randomly arranged grains. The document explains the key characteristics and formation processes of each rock type.
Rocks And The Rock Cycle
There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks can be extrusive, with little to no crystals, or intrusive, with large interlocking crystals. Sedimentary rocks form from the lithification of sediments. Metamorphic rocks are formed from heat and pressure altering existing rocks, and can be formed through contact or regional metamorphism. Common metamorphic rocks include gneiss, slate, and quartzite. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously change between these three types over geological time.
Rocks - Igneous
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and hardens. They can form inside Earth as intrusive igneous rocks or outside Earth as extrusive igneous rocks. The texture of igneous rocks depends on the rate of cooling - slow cooling inside Earth produces large crystal grains while fast cooling outside Earth produces small or no crystal grains. Igneous rocks also vary based on their composition, which influences properties like color and viscosity.
Three Types of Rocks
There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation of sediments or organic matter. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of molten rock material either below or above the Earth's surface. Metamorphic rocks were once sedimentary or igneous rocks that were altered by heat, pressure, and chemical processes underground.
Lecture8 rocks
The document describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It provides details on their formation processes and characteristics. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing rocks through heat, pressure, and stress without melting. The document also provides classifications and examples of different rock types within each main category.
The earth’s lithosphere
The document describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks such as granite and basalt form from cooling magma. Sedimentary rocks like sandstone and shale form from compressed sediments. Metamorphic rocks like gneiss and marble form from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure. Rocks give the lithosphere its solid, rigid properties and help maintain the shape of the Earth despite various forces.
Igneous rocks
There are three main types of rocks classified by how they are formed. Igneous rocks form from melted rock and can be either extrusive or intrusive. Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly on the surface to form fine crystals like basalt and obsidian, while intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly inside the Earth to form larger crystals such as granite and gabbro. The size of crystals in igneous rocks depends on whether they cool quickly on the surface or slowly underground.
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Minerals are naturally occurring non-organic substances with distinctive chemical compositions and physical properties including crystallization. Rocks form in three main classes - igneous from lava or magma, metamorphic from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure, and sedimentary from compressed sediments. Fossils found in sedimentary rocks provide clues about past life and environments by preserving remains or traces of ancient plants and animals.
Chapter 4! Igneous Rocks
This document discusses igneous rocks and their formation. It explains that igneous rocks form as magma cools and crystallizes. There are different textures of igneous rocks depending on factors like cooling rate and mineral grain size. Igneous rocks are also classified based on their composition as felsic, intermediate, or mafic. Common igneous rocks are described like granite, rhyolite, basalt, and gabbro.
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies. There are two main types: intrusive rocks form underground and have large crystals, while extrusive rocks form on the surface and have small crystals. Igneous rocks are classified based on both their mineral composition and texture. Common igneous rocks include basalt, diorite, pumice, and gabbro. Magma forms from heat within the Earth and can erupt at volcanoes located at tectonic plate boundaries.
The three main categories of rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens. They are named based on two factors: texture, which depends on cooling rate - slower cooling forms larger crystals and a coarse-grained texture, while faster cooling forms smaller crystals and a fine-grained texture; and composition, which depends on the elements in the magma and affects the minerals formed. The composition relates to where the magma originated - magmas from crustal spreading are mafic while those from compression and subduction are felsic.
Rocks
This document provides an overview of rocks and the three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It discusses how igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma either underground (intrusive) or above ground (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary rocks, but were changed by heat and pressure in the earth. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously change between these three types through geological processes over long periods of time.
Igneous Rocks
This document provides information about igneous rocks, including their classification into volcanic and plutonic rocks. It describes the composition of different types of magma and how they relate to rock type. Igneous rocks are identified based on their texture, mineral composition, and cooling history. Characteristics such as viscosity, temperature, and mineral content determine the texture of the rock. Common rock types include basalt, gabbro, granite, and ultramafic rocks like peridotite. Sheet-like igneous intrusions include dikes and sills.
Rocks and the rock cycle
1) There are three major types of rock: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
2) All new rock starts as igneous rock, formed from cooled lava or magma.
3) Igneous rock can be intrusive or extrusive depending on whether the magma cools below or above the surface.
Igneous rocks 2011acloutier copyright
Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of magma either underground, forming intrusive igneous rocks like granite, or on the surface as extrusive igneous rocks like lava. Magma is molten rock located either underground or on the surface before it cools and becomes igneous rock. The composition of magma can be basaltic, granitic, or andesitic depending on its silica and water content. Igneous rocks are classified based on their mineral composition and texture, and can provide clues about the cooling environment.
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of magma. There are two main types - extrusive rocks that cool quickly at the surface, and intrusive rocks that cool slowly underground. Sedimentary rocks form through the lithification of sediments. Sediments are produced through weathering and erosion, transported, deposited, and cemented together over time under pressure. Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high temperatures and pressures, causing their mineral composition and structure to change without melting. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously transform between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic types through geological processes.
The Rock and its types.
Rocks are divided into three main categories: igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens, sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of sediment, and metamorphic rocks undergo physical and chemical changes from heat and pressure. Metamorphic rocks can change form, such as gneiss.
Kinds of rocks
There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from molten rock that cools and hardens. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed sediments like sand and shells. Metamorphic rocks were originally igneous or sedimentary rocks that were changed by heat and pressure in the earth. Examples are marble from limestone and slate from shale.
II.A Minerals and Rocks
Core Subject: Earth and Life Science
II. Earth Materials and Processes
A. Minerals and Rocks
The learners
demonstrate an
understanding of:
1. the three main categories of rocks
2. the origin and environment of formation of common minerals and rocks
The learners:
1. identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties
2. classify rocks into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Igneous rocks
Rocks are divided into three major groups: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies. Magma comes from deep below the Earth's surface and is composed mainly of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium. When magma reaches the surface it is called lava. Igneous rocks can be extrusive or intrusive, with extrusive rocks like lava flows cooling at the surface and intrusive rocks like dikes and sills cooling below the surface. Texture and structures like vesicles and phenocrysts provide clues to how quickly igneous rocks solidified.
Sedimentary rocks
This slide will give you complete information about formation, classification, textures, structures and engineering importance of Sedimentary rocks.
igneous rocks formation and their classification
This document provides an introduction and overview of igneous rocks. It defines igneous rocks as those formed by the solidification of magma or lava. Igneous rocks are classified based on whether they solidified below ground as intrusive rocks or above ground as extrusive rocks. Some common igneous rocks are described, including granite, gabbro, basalt, dolerite, and diorite. Their typical compositions and properties are outlined.
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This document provides information about three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It describes how igneous rocks form from molten rock, either on the surface as extrusive rock or below the surface as intrusive rock. Sedimentary rocks form from compaction and cementation of sediments, in clastic, organic, or chemical forms. Metamorphic rocks are any rocks transformed by heat and pressure, either in foliated layers or nonfoliated randomly arranged grains. The document explains the key characteristics and formation processes of each rock type.
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There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks can be extrusive, with little to no crystals, or intrusive, with large interlocking crystals. Sedimentary rocks form from the lithification of sediments. Metamorphic rocks are formed from heat and pressure altering existing rocks, and can be formed through contact or regional metamorphism. Common metamorphic rocks include gneiss, slate, and quartzite. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously change between these three types over geological time.
Rocks - Igneous
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and hardens. They can form inside Earth as intrusive igneous rocks or outside Earth as extrusive igneous rocks. The texture of igneous rocks depends on the rate of cooling - slow cooling inside Earth produces large crystal grains while fast cooling outside Earth produces small or no crystal grains. Igneous rocks also vary based on their composition, which influences properties like color and viscosity.
Three Types of Rocks
There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from the accumulation of sediments or organic matter. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of molten rock material either below or above the Earth's surface. Metamorphic rocks were once sedimentary or igneous rocks that were altered by heat, pressure, and chemical processes underground.
Lecture8 rocks
The document describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It provides details on their formation processes and characteristics. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing rocks through heat, pressure, and stress without melting. The document also provides classifications and examples of different rock types within each main category.
The earth’s lithosphere
The document describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks such as granite and basalt form from cooling magma. Sedimentary rocks like sandstone and shale form from compressed sediments. Metamorphic rocks like gneiss and marble form from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure. Rocks give the lithosphere its solid, rigid properties and help maintain the shape of the Earth despite various forces.
Igneous rocks
There are three main types of rocks classified by how they are formed. Igneous rocks form from melted rock and can be either extrusive or intrusive. Extrusive igneous rocks cool quickly on the surface to form fine crystals like basalt and obsidian, while intrusive igneous rocks cool slowly inside the Earth to form larger crystals such as granite and gabbro. The size of crystals in igneous rocks depends on whether they cool quickly on the surface or slowly underground.
263027686274175
Minerals are naturally occurring non-organic substances with distinctive chemical compositions and physical properties including crystallization. Rocks form in three main classes - igneous from lava or magma, metamorphic from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure, and sedimentary from compressed sediments. Fossils found in sedimentary rocks provide clues about past life and environments by preserving remains or traces of ancient plants and animals.
Chapter 4! Igneous Rocks
This document discusses igneous rocks and their formation. It explains that igneous rocks form as magma cools and crystallizes. There are different textures of igneous rocks depending on factors like cooling rate and mineral grain size. Igneous rocks are also classified based on their composition as felsic, intermediate, or mafic. Common igneous rocks are described like granite, rhyolite, basalt, and gabbro.
Igneous rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies. There are two main types: intrusive rocks form underground and have large crystals, while extrusive rocks form on the surface and have small crystals. Igneous rocks are classified based on both their mineral composition and texture. Common igneous rocks include basalt, diorite, pumice, and gabbro. Magma forms from heat within the Earth and can erupt at volcanoes located at tectonic plate boundaries.
The three main categories of rocks
Igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens. They are named based on two factors: texture, which depends on cooling rate - slower cooling forms larger crystals and a coarse-grained texture, while faster cooling forms smaller crystals and a fine-grained texture; and composition, which depends on the elements in the magma and affects the minerals formed. The composition relates to where the magma originated - magmas from crustal spreading are mafic while those from compression and subduction are felsic.
Rocks
This document provides an overview of rocks and the three main types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It discusses how igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma either underground (intrusive) or above ground (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks were once igneous or sedimentary rocks, but were changed by heat and pressure in the earth. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously change between these three types through geological processes over long periods of time.
Igneous Rocks
This document provides information about igneous rocks, including their classification into volcanic and plutonic rocks. It describes the composition of different types of magma and how they relate to rock type. Igneous rocks are identified based on their texture, mineral composition, and cooling history. Characteristics such as viscosity, temperature, and mineral content determine the texture of the rock. Common rock types include basalt, gabbro, granite, and ultramafic rocks like peridotite. Sheet-like igneous intrusions include dikes and sills.
Rocks and the rock cycle
1) There are three major types of rock: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.
2) All new rock starts as igneous rock, formed from cooled lava or magma.
3) Igneous rock can be intrusive or extrusive depending on whether the magma cools below or above the surface.
Igneous rocks 2011acloutier copyright
Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of magma either underground, forming intrusive igneous rocks like granite, or on the surface as extrusive igneous rocks like lava. Magma is molten rock located either underground or on the surface before it cools and becomes igneous rock. The composition of magma can be basaltic, granitic, or andesitic depending on its silica and water content. Igneous rocks are classified based on their mineral composition and texture, and can provide clues about the cooling environment.
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of magma. There are two main types - extrusive rocks that cool quickly at the surface, and intrusive rocks that cool slowly underground. Sedimentary rocks form through the lithification of sediments. Sediments are produced through weathering and erosion, transported, deposited, and cemented together over time under pressure. Metamorphic rocks form when rocks are subjected to high temperatures and pressures, causing their mineral composition and structure to change without melting. The rock cycle shows how rocks continuously transform between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic types through geological processes.
The Rock and its types.
Rocks are divided into three main categories: igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens, sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers of sediment, and metamorphic rocks undergo physical and chemical changes from heat and pressure. Metamorphic rocks can change form, such as gneiss.
Kinds of rocks
There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from molten rock that cools and hardens. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed sediments like sand and shells. Metamorphic rocks were originally igneous or sedimentary rocks that were changed by heat and pressure in the earth. Examples are marble from limestone and slate from shale.
II.A Minerals and Rocks
Core Subject: Earth and Life Science
II. Earth Materials and Processes
A. Minerals and Rocks
The learners
demonstrate an
understanding of:
1. the three main categories of rocks
2. the origin and environment of formation of common minerals and rocks
The learners:
1. identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties
2. classify rocks into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Igneous rocks
Rocks are divided into three major groups: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies. Magma comes from deep below the Earth's surface and is composed mainly of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium. When magma reaches the surface it is called lava. Igneous rocks can be extrusive or intrusive, with extrusive rocks like lava flows cooling at the surface and intrusive rocks like dikes and sills cooling below the surface. Texture and structures like vesicles and phenocrysts provide clues to how quickly igneous rocks solidified.
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This document provides an overview of the three main rock types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. It describes how igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava. It distinguishes between intrusive igneous rocks which cool slowly underground, and extrusive rocks which cool rapidly above ground. For sedimentary rocks, it outlines the process of weathering, erosion, deposition and lithification. It classifies sedimentary rocks as clastic, chemical or organic based on their formation. Finally, it describes how intense heat and pressure can change other rock types into metamorphic rocks, and how they are classified based on mineral grain patterns.
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There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma underground or lava on the surface. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed fragments of other rocks or organic matter. Metamorphic rocks were already existing rocks that underwent extreme pressure, heat, or chemical changes and altered form. Rocks are constantly changing between these types through the rock cycle as geological forces cause one type of rock to transform into another over long periods of time.
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Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks by heat, pressure, and chemical processes deep beneath the Earth's surface. There are two types of metamorphism: contact metamorphism near magma intrusions, and regional metamorphism caused by heat and pressure during tectonic plate movement, most commonly resulting in chemical changes to the rocks. Metamorphic rocks can be classified as either foliated or nonfoliated based on their texture.
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This document discusses metamorphism and metamorphic rocks. It defines metamorphism as the change in rocks due to increases in temperature and pressure. There are different types of metamorphism including contact, regional, and cataclastic metamorphism. Regional metamorphism occurs over large areas and results in strongly foliated rocks like slates, schists and gneisses. The document describes the different grades of metamorphism from low to high and the typical minerals formed. It also discusses structures in metamorphic rocks like foliation and banding. In conclusion, different metamorphic rocks like slates, schists and gneisses have various economic uses as building materials.
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This document summarizes how rocks are classified based on their formation. There are three main classes of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Within each class, rocks can be further classified based on their composition, texture, and grain size. Igneous rocks form from cooled lava or magma, and can be intrusive or extrusive based on where they solidify underground or above ground, affecting their grain size. Sedimentary rocks form from cemented sediments like grains, shells, and fossils. Metamorphic rocks have foliated or non-foliated textures indicating the process that altered the original rock.
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This document discusses igneous rock textures. It explains that texture refers to the size, shape, and arrangement of mineral grains in a rock. Cooling rate controls igneous rock texture, with rapid cooling resulting in fine-grained textures and slow cooling producing coarse-grained rocks. Extrusive igneous rocks like lava have fine-grained textures due to rapid surface cooling, while intrusive plutonic rocks exhibit a variety of coarse-grained textures due to slower cooling underground. Examples of different igneous rock textures are described, including aphanitic, porphyritic, vesicular, glassy, phaneritic, and pegmatitic.
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This document provides an overview of the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. It describes their formation processes and gives examples. Igneous rocks such as granite and basalt form from the cooling of magma either underground or above ground. Sedimentary rocks like limestone and sandstone form through the compression of sediments over time. Metamorphic rocks including marble and quartzite form from existing rocks undergoing heat or pressure changes. The uses of different rock types such as limestone and granite in construction are also detailed.
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The document provides information about classifying and identifying different types of rocks. It discusses three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when molten rock cools and solidifies. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction or cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks are changed by heat or pressure. The document also provides guidance on identifying rock samples in hand samples and describes key characteristics of different rock types.
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The document discusses the three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. It provides details on how each type of rock forms and their key characteristics. Igneous rocks form from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments over time in layers. Metamorphic rocks form from changes to existing igneous or sedimentary rocks through heat and pressure in the Earth. The document also discusses the rock cycle and how rocks can change between these three main types over geological time periods.
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Rocks
Rocks are naturally occurring mixtures of minerals, mineraloids, glass or organic matter that are divided into three main types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - based on how they were formed. Rocks are continually changed over time by various geological processes through the rock cycle, where one type of rock can be transformed into another through weathering, erosion, melting and other changes. The core, mantle and crust act as a recycling machine that redistributes rocks.
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The document is a "Do Now" assignment for students that includes:
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- The reading provides an overview of the rock cycle, explaining how rocks are formed from igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic types through processes like weathering, melting, and pressure/heat.
- An agenda for the class period including the Do Now, a lesson on the rock cycle, a mastery assignment, a rock cycle lab, and an exit ticket.
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Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and hardens. They are classified based on where they form, their texture, and composition. Igneous rocks that form inside Earth's interior through slow cooling are intrusive with coarse textures, while those forming outside through rapid cooling are extrusive with fine or glassy textures. The rate of cooling influences crystal size, with slow cooling leading to large crystals and fast cooling resulting in small or no crystals.
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Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and hardens. They can form inside Earth's interior as intrusive igneous rocks or outside Earth's surface as extrusive igneous rocks. The texture of igneous rocks depends on the rate of cooling - slow cooling leads to large crystal grains as in intrusive rocks, while fast cooling of lava produces extrusive rocks with small or no crystal grains.
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Rocks have different chemical and physical properties that make them useful in our everyday lives. We use rocks for construction, fuel, art, and other purposes. Rocks are classified into three main groups based on their method of formation: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from the cooling and hardening of molten material from within the Earth. Their texture, mineral composition, and other features provide clues to how quickly or slowly they cooled.
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The document provides information about Earth's four main systems - the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. It then focuses on explaining the different types of rocks: igneous rocks form from cooled lava or magma, either underground (intrusive) or above ground (extrusive); sedimentary rocks form through the deposition and cementation of sediments; and metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks undergoing changes due to heat and pressure in Earth's crust. Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation are identified as processes that can transform one rock type into another in the rock cycle.
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Petrology is the study of rocks, including their origin, composition, structure and distribution. There are three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma either below or above the Earth's surface. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of existing rocks through heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids in the Earth's crust.
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Chapter 4 igneous rocks formation 20122013
- 1. S6E5. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to show how Earth’s surface is formed.S6E5. Obtain, evaluate, and communicate information to show how Earth’s surface is formed. c. Construct an explanation of howc. Construct an explanation of how to classify rocks by their formationto classify rocks by their formation Objective: Students will completeObjective: Students will complete the graphic organizer aboutthe graphic organizer about formation of igneous rocksformation of igneous rocks Directions: Read each slide thenDirections: Read each slide then complete the graphic organizer.complete the graphic organizer.
- 2. Rock Classification Rocks are divided into three main classes based on how they form: 1. Igneous 2. Sedimentary 3. Metamorphic Each type of rock can be further classified based on: Composition and texture
- 3. Composition The chemical make up of the rock or what it is made of. This can be minerals or other materials: shells, clay, plants, sand, pebbles
- 4. Texture/Grains Determined by the grains size, shape and position. Igneous can be fine or coarse grain Sedimentary can be characterized by observing lithified (cemented) inorganic grains, minerals, organic material, or fossil fragments. The wide range of textures common in sedimentary rocks is separated into clastic, chemical, and bioclastic (biochemical) groups.
- 5. Texture/Grains Metamorphic textures consist of two main types: foliated and non-foliated textures. Texture can reveal the process that formed the rock.
- 7. What are they?What are they? Rock made from cooledRock made from cooled –LAVA, above ground orLAVA, above ground or –MAGMA, below groundMAGMA, below ground ..
- 8. ClassificationClassification They are classifiedThey are classified in 3 ways:in 3 ways: 1.1.Texture – Grain/Texture – Grain/ mineralsminerals 2.2.Origin - where formedOrigin - where formed 3.3.Mineral Composition –Mineral Composition – made frommade from
- 9. Grain SizeGrain Size Have….Have…. SPECIALSPECIAL NAMESNAMES
- 10. Texture/GrainTexture/Grain CoarseCoarse Grained = large grains, cooledGrained = large grains, cooled slowlyslowly Think about it…. If it cools over a long time – the grains have time to get big!Think about it…. If it cools over a long time – the grains have time to get big! Most abundant intrusive rock isMost abundant intrusive rock is GRANITEGRANITE FineFine Grained = small grains, cooledGrained = small grains, cooled fastfast Think about it… If it cools over a short time – the grains don’t have time to get big!Think about it… If it cools over a short time – the grains don’t have time to get big! Example:Example: BasaltBasalt
- 11. Igneous Rock Formation-OriginIgneous Rock Formation-Origin ExtrusiveExtrusive – formed ABOVE– formed ABOVE GROUND. It coolsGROUND. It cools fastfast so it hasso it has smallsmall grains.grains. IntrusiveIntrusive – formed– formed UNDERGROUND. It coolsUNDERGROUND. It cools slowlyslowly soso it will haveit will have largelarge grains.grains. Laccolith
- 12. Examples of each type of ROCK Fine Grained Basalt = Extrusive Igneous rock Course Grained Granite = Intrusive Igneous rock
- 13. Mineral CompositionMineral Composition How much silica is in the magma/lava?How much silica is in the magma/lava? –Low silica content = dark colored = MaficMafic – HighHigh silica content =silica content = lightlight colored =colored = Felsic High Silica Content Low Silica Content Felsic Igneous Rock Mafic Igneous Rock
- 14. Lighter Darker Big Crystals Small or No Crystals Draw pictures of the different types of Igneous Rocks!
- 15. Label the igneous rockLabel the igneous rock formationformation
- 16. Ticket out: CHOOSE ONLYTicket out: CHOOSE ONLY ONEONE What makes up the grains in an igneous rock? Illustrate grains of an igneous rock and explain why this happens Compare and contrast intrusive and extrusive igneous