The document discusses different types of mixtures and substances: - Heterogeneous mixtures contain different substances, like sand or dirt. Homogeneous mixtures contain substances that are the same, like water, tea, or coffee. - Compounds and elements are pure substances that cannot be physically separated into simpler substances. Mixtures can be physically separated. - Common separation techniques include distillation, filtration, and evaporation which separate substances based on their boiling points, particle size, or solubility.

1. 2.1 and 2.2

2. Heterogeneous
● Heterogeneous is a type of mixture
● It is a mixture of different substances
● Some examples are sand, dirt, and mud

3. Homogeneous
● Homogeneous is a type of mixture
● It is when the substances are the same
● Some examples of homogeneous mixtures are
water, tea, and coffee

4. Compounds
● A compound is a pure substance
● A compound is a type of pure substance

5. Elements
● An element's smallest particle is an atom
● An element is a type of pure substance

6. Pure Subsatnces
● Two examples of pure substances are
compounds and elements
● It can not be broken physically, only chemically

7. Mixtures
● Two types of mixtures are Heterogeneous and
Homogeneous
● They can be broken physically

8. Ways of Separ at ion

9. Distillation
● You use distillation when you are trying to
figure out what a liquid substance is, or you
are trying to separate two liquids.
● To do distillation you set up a distillation
apparatus
● This is what a
distillation apparat-
us looks like:

10. Filtration
● Filtration separates two materials based on their particles
and/or solubility
● To use filtration you set up something like this:
● You pour the mixture into the
funnel and the filtrate, one of
the materials, will drop down
through the funnel and collect
in the erlenmeyer flask and the
other material will be isolated in
the filter paper.

11. Evaporation
● Evaporation is a process used to isolate a
solid dissolved in a liquid
● It's property is Solubility
Important!
● You are only going to isolate a sample of the
solid, because the water evaporates into the
air.

12. 2.3

13. Chemical Change vs. Physical Change
Ways you can tell whether a chemical
change or a physical change is occurring
● If you can get the original object back, it is a
chemical change. Like when a paper is
burning, you can't get the original sheet of
paper back.
● If you can get the original object back, it is a
physical change. Like when you add salt to
water, you could filter it and get the original
water back.

14. Flammability
● Flammability is the ability to burn in the
presence of oxygen.
● Qualitative
● It is a chemical change

15. Reactivity
● How readily a substance combines chemically
with another substance.
● Qualitative

16. If you crack a plastic swing is it a
chemical or a physical change?

17. If you bleach a blue shoe, is it a
chemical or physical change?

18. If you rip a paper is it a physical or a
chemical change?

19. If you burn a square of fabric is it a
chemical or physical change?

20. If you melt a candle is it a chemical or
a physical change?