This document details a B.Arch thesis project focused on developing a mixed-use city center in Rohini, Delhi, intended to facilitate commercial, cultural, and social activities. The project addresses architectural challenges related to the integration of commerce and culture, aiming to create a vibrant public space that reflects the needs of a diverse demographic. Furthermore, it analyzes site context, accessibility, and design considerations to ensure functionality and aesthetic appeal within the urban environment.

1. CITY CENTRE
ROHINI, DELHI
IIT ROORKEE, B.ARCH THESIS
SUBMITTED BY- ROHIT KUMAR

2. THE PROJECT
Name of project: City Centre Rohini, Delhi
Type of project: Mix-Use (COMMERCIAL-CULTURAL)
Location: Rohini, Delhi
Client: Delhi Development Authority.
SITE AREA
F.S.I
GROUND COVERAGE
TOTAL BUILT AREA
MAXIMUM NO.OF LEVELS
PARKING
64000 m.sq
1.5
30%
96000
15(including 3
basements)
1.14 car spaces per 92.9
sq.mtrs

3. AIM
•
To create a space which can form the node for holding
and experiencing commercial, cultural and social
activities.
•
It is in a way a hybrid between a Convention centre or a
Cultural hub and a Commercial centres at a much
reduced scale.
•
As a City Centre requires to incorporate the demands
the present demography asks for commercial and
Cultural Hub.
ARCHITECTURAL CHALLENGES OF THE PROJECT:
•
•
•
•
To explore the symbiotic character of COMMERCE and
CULTURE.
Explore the inter-relationships of the spaces and the
challenges of disparities cause by design which restrict
spaces to particular segment of public .
To evolve a contemporary model of conventional Indian
market.
The project would try to explore the possible integration
of the functions which usually exist at larger distances
CONVETIONAL MARKET
+
CULTURE
CONTEMPORARY

4. •
•
•
IS THIS IS THE FUTURE WE ARE HEADING?
ARE WE LOOSING OUR CULTURAL HERITAGE??
INCENTIVES FOR CONSUMER TO VISIT SHOPPING
PHYSICALLY IN FUTURE???

5. LOCATION: DELHI, ROHINI
ROHINI:
is a 30-year-old upmarket and welldeveloped residential sub city in North West
Delhi in India, to provide composite society, for all
income groups.
POPULATION:
NEIGHBOUR:
ECONOMIC STATUS:
2004-2005 census by planning Commission
29% of population lives below 25000 Rs/annum (BPL)
37% of population lives below 50000 Rs/annum (Lower Middle Class)
14.3% of population lives above 100000 Rs/annum (Affluent Families)
areas are Pitampura, Shalimar Bagh,
Mangol Puri, Paschim Vihar, Narela Sub
City, Mukarba chowk.
DELHI PLAN
Rohini (Phases I and II): Area: 2015 Ha., Population: 8.4 lakhs.
Rohini (Phase III): Area: 1010 Ha, Population: 1.6 lakhs.
Rohini (Phases IV and V): Area: 4533 Ha. (under planning-788 Ha.)
population): 2 Lakhs.
ZONE H

6. SITE ANALYSIS
RESIDENTIAL
SITE
•
•
TWIN DISTRICT
CENTRE
RESIDENTIAL
RESIDENTIAL
•
•
•
•
Metro station in front of site make it easily
accessible.
Located in twin district centre a developing
hub at centre of Rohini for commercial
activities.
Access Roads on 4 sides .
SITE
Dense residential area around the site.(majorly
middle class)
Grand public park and adventure land at
north west side.
Various high end malls and hotels in in
proximity.
RESIDENTIAL
Areas in proximity and well connected with metros,bus
Pitampura, Shalimar Bagh, Mangol Puri, Paschim Vihar, Narela Sub City,
Mukarba chowk, Shahbaad Daulatpur (Delhi College of engineering)
and Bawana.
ROHINI
METRO LINE

7. SITE CONTEXT
BAAB AMEDKAR
HOSPITAL
D MALL
APPROACH ROAD
RESEDENTIAL SKY LINE AT
EAST
MULTILEVEL PARKING
CROWN PLAZA

9. CASE STUDIES
CITY CENTRE KOLKATA
SELECT CITY, DELHI
BHIKAJI CAMMA, DELHI
NEHRU PLACE, DELHI
• AREA: 50, 400 Sq. Mt
• AREA:62, 800 Sq. Mt
• 4.67 LAKH Sq. Mt
• 3.23 LAKH Sq. Mt
CITY CENTRE KOLKATA
SELECT CITY
BHIKAJI CAMMA
NEHRU PLACE
• Mixed use
• Essence of conventional Indian
shopping markets
• Open, clustered planning
• Commercial+cultural+social aura
• Built form
• Public spaces and interrelationship of
diverse activities.
•
•
•
•
•
Mixed use
Linear, simplified planning
Commercial+social aura
Geometrical form
Prominence of public plaza in front
add to whole ambiance.
• Efficient servicing facilities
• Mixed use
• Clustered and climate responsive
planning
• Commercial+social+cultural aura
• Scattered built form
• Courtyard as public spaces
• Excellent segregation of
pedestrian and vehicular
movement
•
•
WHY??
•
•
Mixed use
Commercial + social + cultural
aura.
Connected streets and
courtyard with public realm.
Scope for informal activities.

11. PLAZA, PUBLIC
MINIMILISM, COLORS
CONVENTIONAL
STREET SHOPPING
KUND / PUBLIC PLAZA
BUILT FORM
N
PASSAGEWAYS
BUILDING FORM
UNCONDITIONED COVERED STREET SXHOPING

12. CASE STUDY: CITY CENTRE, KOLKATA
N
GROUND FLOOR
KEY OBSERVATIONS:
FIRST FLOOR
•Openings on Southwest and Southeast direction to facilitate tunnel effect between blocks.
•Kund in southeast direction to have pleasing sun in daytime.
•The interlinking corridors facilitate constant air circulation and end at the Kund space.
•The Kund space is provided on the longer axia of the site to have maximum exposure to the
roadside.
•Segregation of activities through levels ,define uninterrupted user specific moment.
•Spaces like Banquet hall, multiplex and hotels are planned at the periphery of the site.
•Food joints are planned such that the View of Kund is ensured & vice versa.
SECOND FLOOR

13. MINIMALIST APPROACH
LOUNGE/ RESTAURANTS:
• Clean and clear façade without any ornamentation
•Double heighted outdoor sitting • Simple square opening depicts function
•Catered with view of kund
• Implication of mild colors breaks monotony
•Contributed to height hierarchy
KUND:
•Breaks monotony
•Accessible from major intensity public
region
•Provides physiological relief
•Breaks continues traffic movement
•Breaks monotony of heighted built
space
Air gets reflected within the kund region from
heighted built forms .
SECTION
6m
SERVICES : Four numbers of underground water storage tanks
Capacity : 2.5 lakh litrs (2 no.) And 4.5 lakh litrs (2no.)
Plan
showing
section
line
4m
Detail of corridors

14. AREA ANALYSIS
Some services like air conditioning, O.W.S tank are provided at the terrace
Planters :
•Landscaping elements surrounding court balance the
open space space hierarchy (visually)
•Small heighted planters do not restrict the vision
INFERENCES :
The activities linked together by means of linking elements,
which not only satisfies the function of activity ,but also
provides visual connectivity creates harmony.
Concept of conventional Indian marketplace in replicated.
The space, volume and form should be designed considering
the types of enclosures and the circulation pattern.
Nature of integration between built and open spaces , with
the surrounding environment .
Consideration of Orientation of the building, as it creates
shades and shadows on the external surfaces.
Obstructed servicing in staggered blocking planning.
•
Not much scope for informal activities.

15. PLAZA + CULTURE
CASE STUDY: SELECT CITYWALK
PUBIC SPACE
•
Location- Saket District Centre, South Delhi
•
Type : Mixed use commercial
•
Plot Area- 15,884.5 Sq. Mt
•
Built up area-62,862.32 Sq. Mt.
•
Commercial Area – 24,281 Sq. Mt.
•
Retail Area (Multiplex & Mall) – 8498.3 Sq. Mt.
•
Landscaped Area – 15782 Sq. Mt.
•
ARCHITECTS : TEVATIA CHAUHA
ATRIUM
LANDSCAPING
STREET SHOPPING
DESIGN ISSUES STUDIED
•
•
•
•
•
•
Circulation
Interface
Frontage
Services
Views and vistas
Relationship between
Open & built spaces

16. INFRENCES:
• Being a high end commercial
complex the grand plaza in front
make it accessible to diverse
segment of people.
• Hierarchy and strong interrelationship of spaces plaza-cooridorsatriums-shops.
• Excellent servicing by rear side service lane and service corridors
along the back.
• No scope for informal shopping, more of contemporary less
conventional essences.
• Do not provide unbiased opportunity.

17. PLANNING CITY CENTRE KOLKATA VS SELECT CITY WALK

19. CASE STUDY: BHIKAJI CAMA
• 2 LEVEL CIRCULATION ENSURES SEGREGATION
BETWEEN VEHICULAR AND PEDESTRIAN
MOVEMENT.
•
Location- South Delhi
•
Type : Mixed use commercial
•
Plot Area- 40 Acre
• PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT BECOMES
CIRCUITOUS AT PLACES.
•
Built up area- 4,66,971 Sq. Mt.
•
Ground coverage – 50,051 Sq. Mt.
• PLANNING OF BUILDINGS AROUND SERVICE
COURTS. INTROVERT DESIGN SCHEME.
• VEHICULAR CIRCULATION AROUND THE
PERIPHERY.
• ARCHITECTURAL CONTROLS REGULATE THE
FACADES OF ALL BUILDINGS.

20. INFRENCES:
Retail along the pedestrian movement spine, encouraging use of
plaza.(planning)
Staggered built form in plan and elevation, play of light and
shadow.(aesthetically and climatically responsive)
Segregated pedestrians and parking in levels.(pedestrian vs vehicular)
Sequence of open spaces intended to allow ppl to congregate.
Shops subservient to offices, fails to attract local shoppers. (mixed use
building activity composition)
Plazas and courts fail due to lack of activity.(diverse activities)

21. CASE STUDY: NEHRU PLACE
PUBLIC
•Extensive shopping through and around
streets and courtyard.
•Scope for informal shopping with in
courtyard
•Public realm with in street and courts with a
sense of enclosure.
•Lack of cultural and recreational spaces
make highly extensive shopping plaza.
•Lack of opportunity for local people and
diverse shoppers.
•Heavy and rigid concrete boxes and linear
planning.
STREETS AND
COURTS
INFORMAL
ACTIVITIES

22. COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS

23. I THINKING TO BUY A
WHITE SHIRT FROM THAT
MALL BUT” I FEEL LIKE A
ALEAN THERE”
“DESIGN TO
DISPARAGE
DISPARITY”
HIG
MIG
LIG

24. To explore the symbiotic character of
COMMERCE and CULTURE.
Explore the inter-relationships of the spaces and
the challenges of disparities cause by design
which restrict spaces to particular segment of
public .

27. DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS
DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS

28. UNITY
EVOLVING
PLANNING
Courts > plazas > Interconnected plazas
BREAKING MASSES

29. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN
UNORGANISED MARKET
EVOLVED
CONTEMPORAY
MODEL
DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS

30. HIERARCHY OF SPACES
Formal spaces > Semi formal spaces > Informal spaces
DESIGN PHOLOSOPHY
SERVING UNBIASLY AND UNITE THE REALM
Opportunity and comfort to each segment of people. (HIG>MIG>LIG)
A COMPOSED DIVERSITY
Diverse interconnected activities presented as a whole to serve the society .(shopping, dine, play, recreational, cultural, cinema etc)

31. DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS

32. DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
CASE STUDY INFERENCES CONSIDERATION:
SITE CONTEX AND CONSIDERATIONS:
• Preferred entry for hub, office and hotel.
• Central views and vistas from various focal
or nodal point points.
• Major three directions for public plaza
entrance.
MOVEMENT
DIAGRAM
• Prominence of public spaces with perfect
blending with commercial activities so as to
add cultural essence in commercial
complex.
• A close interrelation of spaces different
activities, plazas, courtyard, pedestrianvehicular flow and their composition in built
mass.
• A well composed and optimized existence
of different function to avoid over
prominence of one, in mixed use
development.
CLIMATIC CONSIDERATIONS:
-Tunnel effect is created in corridor.
-Mutual shading by placing higher locks
on s-w side with high building mass.
-Central courtyard remain in shade.
SUN PATH
WIND TUNNEL EFFECT

33. `

34. ACTIVITY, SPACES, BUILT FORM
“Built masses sustain
different activities and
activities make those built
masses to evolve and
come out to be a master
piece for humans .”

35. VASARI WIND TUNNEL ANALYSIS

36. SHADOW ANALYSIS
• MAY-9 AM
• MAY-1 PM
• MAY-4:30 AM
DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS

37. DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS

38. ZONING MASSING

39. ZONING MASSING

40. ZONING MASSING

41. ZONING MASSING

42. ZONING MASSING
CULTURAL
MULTIPLEX
RECREATIONAL
FOOD SQUARE
EXHIBITION
HOTEL
COMMERCIAL
(LOW DENSITY)
ENTRY
PLAZA
COMMERCIAL
(MEDIUM DENSITY)
OFFICES

43. INTERCONNECTED PLAZAS
FOOD SQUARE: it s provided
with different variety of food
spaces with ample area for
sitting and informal food stalls
Prominent with RECREATIONAL AND
CULTURAL ACTIVITIES like exhibition,
performances,
multiplex,
indoor
games etc.
EXHIBITION
CULTURAL
FOOD SQUARE
OFFICES
MULTIPLEX
RECREATIONAL
COMMERCIAL
(LOW DENSITY)
This plaza house diverse activities and serve
as a node which joins different functions
and can be used for any informal activity
LIKE
MELA,
PERFORMANCE,
FESTIVAL
FUNCTION etc and connected plaza will act
ENTRY
PLAZA
To enhance the overall experience of
Shopping ,with various landscaping
feature and a series of open, semiopen, and
closed
spaced to
complete the hierarchy.
COMMERCIAL
(MEDIUM DENSITY)

44. Controlled/organised
Surprise
A strong visual connection
other plaza and areas which
ENTRY PLAZA VIEW withsemi open and closed spacedwill guide the movement.and informal activities.
A closed interrelation of open,
to house various formal
Staggered built form , relation to human scale.
Water bodies along the direction of air flow- Thermal comfort

45. DESIGN : CONCEPT> PHELOSOPHY> DEVLOPMENT> UNDERSTANDING> DETAILS

46. SITE PLAN
CLIMATIC FACTORS
-Tunnel effect is created in corridor.
-The building form shades the
pedestrian streets during daytime , as
building height is more than the road
width.
-Central courtyard remain in shade.
PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT
-The pedestrian movement is accessed
along tree main axis and via metro station
also road.
-Comfortable inner circulation through wide
corridors of 4m. At ground and 1st floors.
VEHICULAR MOVEMENT
- As site has main road on four sides it is easy
to provide different access to office hotel
and main public complex.
MASSING
-The staggered pattern is adopted to
create stepped terraces at northern
façade

47. CULTURAL
FOOD
GROUND FLOOR PLAN

48. GF- MEDIUM DENSITY SHOPPING
 Perforated entries from road side are provided to
have inviting appeal and barrier free spaces .
 window/ barrier free shopping ------ reviving the
essence of street shopping market.
Shops around public plaza creates a strong
interrelationship to provide rich experience.

49. VIEW FROM SHOPPING PLAZA

50. VIEW- SHOPPING PLAZA

51. GF- HIGH END SHOPPING / MULTIPLEX
High end shopping with more controlled environment .
Strong visual and physical connections with proximate
activities and plazas .
Disc, mac-d and book café will balance the penetration
of crowd in complex with multiplex on upper floor.
Theatre gateway is highlighted by planning important
activities beside it.

53. THE USE OF ORDERED BASIC GEOMETRIC FORMS, STRAIGHT LINES
AND PLANES TRANSFORMS INTO THE BOLD FORM AND ACCENTUATE
THE YOUTHFUL EXUBERANCE.
VIEW- SHOPPING PLAZA

54. GF- CULTURE + FOOD
Multi level food square with small stalls outlets and
food stalls of famous regional food chains.
Health and recreational activities with auditorium,
multi purpose halls and exhibitions hall at upper floors.
Rentable spaces for Exhibitions with transitions from
open semi open and closed spaces with a strong
connections .

55. VIEW- FOOD SQUAR

56. VIEW- EVENT PLAZA

57. FIRST FLOOR PLAN

58. SECOND FLOOR PLAN

59. PARKING
BYE-LAWS:1.14 car spaces per 92.9 sq.mtrs
Total built up area- 90500 M.sq.
Cars: 975*1.14= 1100 (900 basement, 200 ground
parking)
Basement Area required= 900 * 30 = 27000 M.sq.
Add 10% for two wheelers= 29, 700
2 BASEMENTS REQURIED CONSIDERING 5000 M.SQ
HYPERMARKET AND STORAGE FACALITY IN
BASEMENT.

60. BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN

61. SECTIONS

62. ELEVATIONS

63. •
•
•
•
•
Perforated entries from road side are provided to have inviting appeal and barrier free spaces .
window shopping ------ reviving the essence of conventional street shopping market.
Grand and welcoming entry of complex as viewed from adjacent
main street(crowded) of twin district center.
Change of levels, dynamic facade , and shadows make the entry
view more magnetic.
Use louvers on south and s-w facing façade and

64. •
•
•
•
Excellent staggered effect contributing to excellent urban spaces.
Visible activities and public realm which is finely integrated with built
masses .
Visual linkage between the street and built form is achieved .
Dynamic façade/ Shadows/ Pergolas/ Grandness/ Built form creates
interest.

65. VIEW- ENTRY SHOPPING PLAZA

66. VIEW- SHOPPING PLAZA

67. VIEW- FOOD SQUARE

68. VIEW- EVENT PLAZA

69. THANK YOU