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Mesopotamia developed one of the earliest known legal codes, the Code of Hammurabi. Ancient Egypt was one of the oldest civilizations ruled by powerful pharaohs. In ancient India, Hinduism and Buddhism developed, with Hinduism believing in reincarnation and karma and Buddhism started by Siddhartha Gautama. Ancient China was divided into dynasties that were ruled by families, and Confucianism emphasized moral behavior. In ancient Greece, city-states like Athens and Sparta ruled parts of Greece, with Athens being a great sea power and Sparta very militaristic.
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Wh ch1
Ancient Mesopotamia consisted of independent city-states each with their own ruler, with patriarchal societies dominated by men. Hammurabi established the first written law code in Babylon based on strict justice that varied by social class. Ancient Egypt developed along the Nile River, with pharaohs believed to have divine kingship and their rule evolving from the Old to New Kingdoms and eventual collapse of their large empire. The Israelites originated as a united kingdom under King Solomon in Palestine, which later split into the kingdoms of Israel and Judah after his death.
World foundations of democracy - greek & roman contributions
Early societies included bands, tribes, and chiefdoms that evolved into states with different forms of government. The Greeks established some of the first city-states and experiments with different systems of rule, including monarchy, oligarchy, democracy and republics. Key Greek thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle influenced Western political philosophy through examining different forms of government and their impacts on society. The Romans established a republic with elected representatives and laws governing citizens and state affairs.
People 1
The Greeks built a vast empire based on strong morals and values, allowing them to colonize many lands through their effective colonization methods. Their culture valued individual heroes and fighters seeking fame. Most of the Greek empire can be attributed to Alexander the Great, who exemplified their heroic ideals. Both the Greeks and the Romans who succeeded them established foundations for modern society through their forms of philosophy, military innovations, and social structure with different classes protecting their way of life. Roman law also developed from contributions of Germanic tribes, forming the basis for law today.
Anicent greeece
Ancient Greece was influenced by its mountainous terrain which led to small independent city-states. These states shared a common language, culture, and religion. Athenian democracy lasted around 200 years in the 5th century BC and allowed native born men to participate directly in governing. It was a direct democracy where citizens voted directly on legislation and executive offices were filled by lot. However, democracy failed in Athens as the people grew greedy and conflict between city-states led to war and instability for centuries. Philosophy developed during this time, with Socrates being executed for challenging Athenian ideals, and Plato believing people should not directly rule and be assigned roles by leaders.
Roots of Democracy Notes
This document provides an overview of the roots of democracy in ancient Greece and Rome. It begins with notes on Athens in ancient Greece, which originated as a monarchy but later transitioned to a direct democracy under the reforms of Cleisthenes. All male citizens were able to participate directly in the Assembly and help make decisions. The document then discusses the origins and government of the Roman Republic, which was ruled by a combination of elected patrician Senators and Consuls, with checks and balances between the groups. Over time, plebeians gained more rights and representation in government as well. By the 1st century BC, Roman rule extended across the Mediterranean region.
Political systems
a political system defines the process for making official government decisions. It is usually compared to the legal system, economic system, cultural system, and other social systems.
The neolithic revolution led to the creation of settled communities
The document discusses several key aspects of early civilizations including the Neolithic revolution leading to settled communities, Hammurabi's Code making laws more consistent, and civilized societies being characterized by government, writing, and religion. It also touches on topics like Hinduism and Buddhism originating in India, Greece being the birthplace of democracy, and feudalism being a political/social system while manorialism is an economic system.
Roman Government Presentation
The Roman government transitioned from a monarchy to a republic after the Etruscan king Tarquin was overthrown. Power was held by elected representatives and citizens. The Roman Senate consisted of aristocratic elders who had previously held elected office. Conflict arose between patricians (aristocrats) and plebeians (commoners) over civil rights and representation. Plebeians demanded laws apply equally and be written down, creating the Twelve Tables. The government was divided into the executive, legislative, and judiciary branches. Consuls led the military and government as the executive branch. The legislative branch included the Senate and Assemblies who made laws. Praetors led the judiciary branch.
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Wh ch1
Ancient Mesopotamia consisted of independent city-states each with their own ruler, with patriarchal societies dominated by men. Hammurabi established the first written law code in Babylon based on strict justice that varied by social class. Ancient Egypt developed along the Nile River, with pharaohs believed to have divine kingship and their rule evolving from the Old to New Kingdoms and eventual collapse of their large empire. The Israelites originated as a united kingdom under King Solomon in Palestine, which later split into the kingdoms of Israel and Judah after his death.
World foundations of democracy - greek & roman contributions
Early societies included bands, tribes, and chiefdoms that evolved into states with different forms of government. The Greeks established some of the first city-states and experiments with different systems of rule, including monarchy, oligarchy, democracy and republics. Key Greek thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle influenced Western political philosophy through examining different forms of government and their impacts on society. The Romans established a republic with elected representatives and laws governing citizens and state affairs.
People 1
The Greeks built a vast empire based on strong morals and values, allowing them to colonize many lands through their effective colonization methods. Their culture valued individual heroes and fighters seeking fame. Most of the Greek empire can be attributed to Alexander the Great, who exemplified their heroic ideals. Both the Greeks and the Romans who succeeded them established foundations for modern society through their forms of philosophy, military innovations, and social structure with different classes protecting their way of life. Roman law also developed from contributions of Germanic tribes, forming the basis for law today.
Anicent greeece
Ancient Greece was influenced by its mountainous terrain which led to small independent city-states. These states shared a common language, culture, and religion. Athenian democracy lasted around 200 years in the 5th century BC and allowed native born men to participate directly in governing. It was a direct democracy where citizens voted directly on legislation and executive offices were filled by lot. However, democracy failed in Athens as the people grew greedy and conflict between city-states led to war and instability for centuries. Philosophy developed during this time, with Socrates being executed for challenging Athenian ideals, and Plato believing people should not directly rule and be assigned roles by leaders.
Roots of Democracy Notes
This document provides an overview of the roots of democracy in ancient Greece and Rome. It begins with notes on Athens in ancient Greece, which originated as a monarchy but later transitioned to a direct democracy under the reforms of Cleisthenes. All male citizens were able to participate directly in the Assembly and help make decisions. The document then discusses the origins and government of the Roman Republic, which was ruled by a combination of elected patrician Senators and Consuls, with checks and balances between the groups. Over time, plebeians gained more rights and representation in government as well. By the 1st century BC, Roman rule extended across the Mediterranean region.
Political systems
a political system defines the process for making official government decisions. It is usually compared to the legal system, economic system, cultural system, and other social systems.
The neolithic revolution led to the creation of settled communities
The document discusses several key aspects of early civilizations including the Neolithic revolution leading to settled communities, Hammurabi's Code making laws more consistent, and civilized societies being characterized by government, writing, and religion. It also touches on topics like Hinduism and Buddhism originating in India, Greece being the birthplace of democracy, and feudalism being a political/social system while manorialism is an economic system.
Roman Government Presentation
The Roman government transitioned from a monarchy to a republic after the Etruscan king Tarquin was overthrown. Power was held by elected representatives and citizens. The Roman Senate consisted of aristocratic elders who had previously held elected office. Conflict arose between patricians (aristocrats) and plebeians (commoners) over civil rights and representation. Plebeians demanded laws apply equally and be written down, creating the Twelve Tables. The government was divided into the executive, legislative, and judiciary branches. Consuls led the military and government as the executive branch. The legislative branch included the Senate and Assemblies who made laws. Praetors led the judiciary branch.
Monarchs and the enlightenment
Absolute monarchs during the 1500s-1700s believed in the divine right to rule and governed strictly, causing conflicts and unrest among the people. An example was Louis XIV of France, who spent lavishly on Versailles while the people struggled. During the Enlightenment period from the 1600s-1700s, thinkers developed new ideas about government and individual rights that challenged absolute rule, including John Locke's ideas about natural rights, Montesquieu's separation of powers, and Rousseau's concept of consent of the governed. The spread of these Enlightenment ideas led the people to increasingly question monarchal rule and fight for more freedoms, setting the stage for revolution.
Aristocracy
This document provides an overview of the concept of aristocracy. It begins with definitions of aristocracy as rule by the best or a small honored ruling class. It then discusses views of aristocracy from Aristotle and quotes related to it. It outlines the concept of aristocracy in Ancient Greece and Rome. It also discusses the Athenian aristocracy and presence of aristocracy in countries like Denmark, England, Spain, Nigeria and the United Kingdom. It concludes that aristocracy now broadly refers to a select few with authority in various domains like birth, wealth or intelligence.
Ancient Rome
The document provides definitions and summaries of important people and events in ancient Roman history. It discusses the social classes of patricians and plebeians in ancient Rome. It also describes several Roman emperors like Julius Caesar, Augustus Caesar, Constantine, and Nero as well as major events like the Twelve Tables of Rome, the First and Second Triumvirates, the Pax Romana, the Edict of Milan, and the division of the Roman Empire under Diocletian. The document serves as a high-level overview of some key political and religious figures and developments in the Roman Empire.
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This document provides an overview of different forms of government throughout history and in the modern world. It begins by discussing ancient forms like city-states, empires, and feudalism. It then covers the origins of democracy in Athens and Rome. The document outlines the rise of absolute monarchies and different totalitarian systems in the 20th century like communism, fascism, and Nazism. Finally, it analyzes modern forms of government including monarchies, dictatorships, theocracies, single-party states, direct democracies, and parliamentary and presidential representative democracies.
How Did The Enlightenment Philosophies Influence Modern Political Thought
The enlightenment philosophies of freedom, democracy, reason, and separation of church and state greatly influenced modern political thought. These ideas challenged traditional systems of monarchy, aristocracy, and religious authority. Enlightenment thinkers like Locke, Adams, Hume, and Jefferson promoted natural rights, consent of the governed, and prioritized human reason over tradition and divine right. Their ideas shaped the American and French Revolutions and continue to underpin democratic systems today.
World history review people religion-vocabulary
The document provides information about important people, religions, and vocabulary terms related to government and history. It lists influential figures such as Hammurabi, Justinian, Copernicus, Galileo, Adam Smith, and Karl Marx. Major world religions covered include Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Confucianism, and Sikhism. Finally, the document defines key concepts in government and history, like separation of powers, popular sovereignty, limited monarchy, oligarchy, the Columbian Exchange, Renaissance, centralized power, industrial revolution, mercantilism, free enterprise, imperialism, fascism, socialism, and democratic republic.
Timeline of Democracy
The document provides information about democracy and society in ancient Greece, the Middle Ages/Medieval Times, and modern times. It then discusses several aspects of medieval European society including feudalism, the power and influence of the Catholic Church, chivalry, manors, farming, trade, towns, government, education, and the bubonic plague.
Roman republic
Plato wanted a group of philosopher kings to rule his utopian society (Plato). Socrates used a question-answer method to teach (Socrates). While Greece declined, Rome emerged victorious and established a republic where citizens elected representatives instead of direct democracy like Athens (Greeks vs Romans). Rome adopted Greek ideals of logic and reason to create written laws applied equally to all citizens.
Ideas Of Change
The document discusses how Enlightenment ideas from Europe impacted the English colonies in the 1700s. Enlightenment philosophers applied logic and reason to understand society, government, and the universe. Thinkers like Hobbes, Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu influenced revolutionary ideas by developing theories like social contract and separation of church and state. Their ideas questioning absolute rule and emphasizing natural rights and consent of the governed helped shape colonial political thought.
Athenian democracy democracy in athens notes
6-2.1: Describe the development of ancient Greek culture (the Hellenic period), including the concept of citizenship and
the early forms of democracy in Athens.
6-2.2: Analyze the role of Alexander the Great (Hellenistic period), Socrates, Plato, Archimedes, Aristotle, and others
in the creation and spread of Greek governance, literature, philosophy, the arts, math and science.
Ancient Rome
Rome began as a small village but grew to become a powerful republic ruled initially by kings and later by elected leaders. Power was shared between the Senate, consuls, and citizen assemblies. Through military expansion, by 200 BC Rome controlled land from Greece to Spain. Later, political divisions emerged between the patrician elite and plebeians. The Gracchi brothers attempted land reform but were killed, sparking violence. Rome transitioned to empire under Augustus, though abuses of power by later emperors weakened it. Christianity emerged and was adopted by Constantine, but the empire declined due to overspending, crime, taxation, and invasions.
Democracy in ancient and modern civilizations
The document provides an overview of the origins and evolution of democracy throughout history. It discusses early civilizations like Chinese River Valley, Indus Valley, Egyptian, and Mesopotamian civilizations. It then covers the rise of democracy in ancient Greece and its spread and adoption in other societies over time, including developments in democratic systems and principles in locations like India, England, and North America. The document traces democracy's progression from its origins to modern times.
Roman Republic Notes 2015
The Roman Republic was established after the overthrow of the tyrannical Tarquin monarchy. It featured a government with three branches - magistrates including two annually-elected consuls, the Roman Senate, and assemblies where citizens voted. The Republic also had checks on power through term limits, vetoes, and requiring legislative approval. Roman law was codified in the Twelve Tables, and the Republic grew powerful through Mediterranean trade and conquests, becoming the dominant force around the sea.
Ancient Roman Political Thought
The document discusses ancient Roman political thought and law. It was influenced by Stoicism, which had three stages of development and principles of universal brotherhood. While Roman thinkers were not as sophisticated as Greeks, they established a worldwide empire and spread Greek ideas. Romans were the first in Europe to establish a codified, systematic set of laws. Their legal system was influenced by Greek philosophy and traditions. Notable aspects of Roman law included the 12 Tables codification, distinction between citizen and foreigner law, and natural law. The Code of Justinian later systematized Roman legal achievements. Significant Roman contributions to law included secularization of law, universal applicability, focus on individual rights, view of state as legal person, contractual view of
Soc 8 ch15_1
The Greeks developed direct democracy and made advancements in philosophy, art, and science. They spread their culture through Alexander the Great's conquests. The Romans established a republic and laws, built cities and advanced technologies, and brought peace during the Pax Romana. However, Rome fell due to endless warfare, economic troubles, and barbarian invasions by the 400s AD. After the fall, Europe transitioned to feudalism and adopted Christianity.
Republic and Democratic Philosophies of Government which originated from the ...
History paper from a Fordham undergraduate course; Understanding Historical Change: Modern Europe. The paper focuses on Republican and Greek philosophies of government, as well as the following: The Development of Constitutional Doctrines within Greek Democracy, Roman Republicanism, The Origin of the State, The Nature of Government, and The Right of Revolution. The research paper explains that even though Republicanism established laws that required everyone within the common wealth to follow, for the protection and preservation of the common wealth, democracy may therefore protect the freedom and liberty of commoners, or citizens, by incorporating democratic rights that limit the powers of the state or government.
The Rise Of Democratic Ideas
The document traces the rise of democratic ideas from ancient Greece to the modern era. It discusses the democratic reforms of Solon and Cleisthenes in ancient Athens, as well as Athens' evolution into a direct democracy under Pericles. Roman influence is explored through the establishment of the Roman Republic and the codification of Roman law. The document then examines the contributions of the Enlightenment philosophers like Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau to the development of democratic thought. It also summarizes the American and French Revolutions, which drew upon these Enlightenment ideas of natural rights and popular sovereignty.
The Revolutions
The document summarizes several historical revolutions and documents that changed power structures:
1) The Magna Carta in 1215 limited the power of English kings and gave more power to Parliament.
2) The Glorious Revolution of 1688 saw William and Mary take the English throne and establish the English Bill of Rights, changing the power of kings forever.
3) The English Bill of Rights of 1689 further limited royal power and established the power of Parliament.
Ancient Greece Governments
The document discusses different forms of government in Ancient Greece: oligarchy, where a small group rules; tyranny, where a single ruler has absolute power; and democracy, where people rule themselves. It provides examples of each type, such as oligarchies being ruled by aristocrats and tyrants gaining power through strong armies. Democracies evolved from direct systems where people voted on laws to representative systems. Citizenship rights also expanded over time. Governments sometimes transitioned between these forms due to power struggles.
Ancient egypts aspects
The document lists the members of Group 3 and their assignment topic to examine the aspects of astronomy, government and laws, and hydraulic engineering of the ancient Egyptian civilization. It provides details on the Egyptians' knowledge of astronomy including their awareness of the earth's revolution around the sun and recognition of planets. It describes the hierarchical government structure with the Pharaoh at the top and courts and local governance. It also outlines the well-organized legal system and registration of citizens. Finally, it notes the advanced hydraulic system for irrigation including canals and flood management through dykes and surveys.
Greece
Modern Greece traces its roots to ancient Greece, the cradle of Western civilization. Ancient Greece spread throughout the Balkans and Aegean islands, establishing Greek civilization. In the 5th-4th centuries BCE, Athens and Sparta were powerful independent city-states, and Athens under Pericles became a cultural and artistic center. Today, Greece has a maritime industry centered in Piraeus and tourism is an important part of the economy. Greek culture is also reflected in its cuisine including souvlaki, salads, and wines.
The ancient greek civilisation
The ancient Greek civilization spanned from around 1450 BC to 200 BC. The first ancient Greeks were known as Mycenaeans rather than Greeks. Greek mythology featured gods like Uranus, Cronus, and Zeus. Spartan boys underwent rigorous military training from age 7, while Spartan girls were also trained in athletics. The Greek navy relied on triremes, which used rams and soldiers to attack enemy ships. Greek plays featured masks to portray different characters and were performed by male actors, with women not allowed on stage. Philosophy flourished in ancient Greece, with thinkers exploring topics like happiness, atoms, and the shape of the Earth.
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Monarchs and the enlightenment
Absolute monarchs during the 1500s-1700s believed in the divine right to rule and governed strictly, causing conflicts and unrest among the people. An example was Louis XIV of France, who spent lavishly on Versailles while the people struggled. During the Enlightenment period from the 1600s-1700s, thinkers developed new ideas about government and individual rights that challenged absolute rule, including John Locke's ideas about natural rights, Montesquieu's separation of powers, and Rousseau's concept of consent of the governed. The spread of these Enlightenment ideas led the people to increasingly question monarchal rule and fight for more freedoms, setting the stage for revolution.
Aristocracy
This document provides an overview of the concept of aristocracy. It begins with definitions of aristocracy as rule by the best or a small honored ruling class. It then discusses views of aristocracy from Aristotle and quotes related to it. It outlines the concept of aristocracy in Ancient Greece and Rome. It also discusses the Athenian aristocracy and presence of aristocracy in countries like Denmark, England, Spain, Nigeria and the United Kingdom. It concludes that aristocracy now broadly refers to a select few with authority in various domains like birth, wealth or intelligence.
Ancient Rome
The document provides definitions and summaries of important people and events in ancient Roman history. It discusses the social classes of patricians and plebeians in ancient Rome. It also describes several Roman emperors like Julius Caesar, Augustus Caesar, Constantine, and Nero as well as major events like the Twelve Tables of Rome, the First and Second Triumvirates, the Pax Romana, the Edict of Milan, and the division of the Roman Empire under Diocletian. The document serves as a high-level overview of some key political and religious figures and developments in the Roman Empire.
Chapter two powerpoint
This document provides an overview of different forms of government throughout history and in the modern world. It begins by discussing ancient forms like city-states, empires, and feudalism. It then covers the origins of democracy in Athens and Rome. The document outlines the rise of absolute monarchies and different totalitarian systems in the 20th century like communism, fascism, and Nazism. Finally, it analyzes modern forms of government including monarchies, dictatorships, theocracies, single-party states, direct democracies, and parliamentary and presidential representative democracies.
How Did The Enlightenment Philosophies Influence Modern Political Thought
The enlightenment philosophies of freedom, democracy, reason, and separation of church and state greatly influenced modern political thought. These ideas challenged traditional systems of monarchy, aristocracy, and religious authority. Enlightenment thinkers like Locke, Adams, Hume, and Jefferson promoted natural rights, consent of the governed, and prioritized human reason over tradition and divine right. Their ideas shaped the American and French Revolutions and continue to underpin democratic systems today.
World history review people religion-vocabulary
The document provides information about important people, religions, and vocabulary terms related to government and history. It lists influential figures such as Hammurabi, Justinian, Copernicus, Galileo, Adam Smith, and Karl Marx. Major world religions covered include Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Confucianism, and Sikhism. Finally, the document defines key concepts in government and history, like separation of powers, popular sovereignty, limited monarchy, oligarchy, the Columbian Exchange, Renaissance, centralized power, industrial revolution, mercantilism, free enterprise, imperialism, fascism, socialism, and democratic republic.
Timeline of Democracy
The document provides information about democracy and society in ancient Greece, the Middle Ages/Medieval Times, and modern times. It then discusses several aspects of medieval European society including feudalism, the power and influence of the Catholic Church, chivalry, manors, farming, trade, towns, government, education, and the bubonic plague.
Roman republic
Plato wanted a group of philosopher kings to rule his utopian society (Plato). Socrates used a question-answer method to teach (Socrates). While Greece declined, Rome emerged victorious and established a republic where citizens elected representatives instead of direct democracy like Athens (Greeks vs Romans). Rome adopted Greek ideals of logic and reason to create written laws applied equally to all citizens.
Ideas Of Change
The document discusses how Enlightenment ideas from Europe impacted the English colonies in the 1700s. Enlightenment philosophers applied logic and reason to understand society, government, and the universe. Thinkers like Hobbes, Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu influenced revolutionary ideas by developing theories like social contract and separation of church and state. Their ideas questioning absolute rule and emphasizing natural rights and consent of the governed helped shape colonial political thought.
Athenian democracy democracy in athens notes
6-2.1: Describe the development of ancient Greek culture (the Hellenic period), including the concept of citizenship and
the early forms of democracy in Athens.
6-2.2: Analyze the role of Alexander the Great (Hellenistic period), Socrates, Plato, Archimedes, Aristotle, and others
in the creation and spread of Greek governance, literature, philosophy, the arts, math and science.
Ancient Rome
Rome began as a small village but grew to become a powerful republic ruled initially by kings and later by elected leaders. Power was shared between the Senate, consuls, and citizen assemblies. Through military expansion, by 200 BC Rome controlled land from Greece to Spain. Later, political divisions emerged between the patrician elite and plebeians. The Gracchi brothers attempted land reform but were killed, sparking violence. Rome transitioned to empire under Augustus, though abuses of power by later emperors weakened it. Christianity emerged and was adopted by Constantine, but the empire declined due to overspending, crime, taxation, and invasions.
Democracy in ancient and modern civilizations
The document provides an overview of the origins and evolution of democracy throughout history. It discusses early civilizations like Chinese River Valley, Indus Valley, Egyptian, and Mesopotamian civilizations. It then covers the rise of democracy in ancient Greece and its spread and adoption in other societies over time, including developments in democratic systems and principles in locations like India, England, and North America. The document traces democracy's progression from its origins to modern times.
Roman Republic Notes 2015
The Roman Republic was established after the overthrow of the tyrannical Tarquin monarchy. It featured a government with three branches - magistrates including two annually-elected consuls, the Roman Senate, and assemblies where citizens voted. The Republic also had checks on power through term limits, vetoes, and requiring legislative approval. Roman law was codified in the Twelve Tables, and the Republic grew powerful through Mediterranean trade and conquests, becoming the dominant force around the sea.
Ancient Roman Political Thought
The document discusses ancient Roman political thought and law. It was influenced by Stoicism, which had three stages of development and principles of universal brotherhood. While Roman thinkers were not as sophisticated as Greeks, they established a worldwide empire and spread Greek ideas. Romans were the first in Europe to establish a codified, systematic set of laws. Their legal system was influenced by Greek philosophy and traditions. Notable aspects of Roman law included the 12 Tables codification, distinction between citizen and foreigner law, and natural law. The Code of Justinian later systematized Roman legal achievements. Significant Roman contributions to law included secularization of law, universal applicability, focus on individual rights, view of state as legal person, contractual view of
Soc 8 ch15_1
The Greeks developed direct democracy and made advancements in philosophy, art, and science. They spread their culture through Alexander the Great's conquests. The Romans established a republic and laws, built cities and advanced technologies, and brought peace during the Pax Romana. However, Rome fell due to endless warfare, economic troubles, and barbarian invasions by the 400s AD. After the fall, Europe transitioned to feudalism and adopted Christianity.
Republic and Democratic Philosophies of Government which originated from the ...
History paper from a Fordham undergraduate course; Understanding Historical Change: Modern Europe. The paper focuses on Republican and Greek philosophies of government, as well as the following: The Development of Constitutional Doctrines within Greek Democracy, Roman Republicanism, The Origin of the State, The Nature of Government, and The Right of Revolution. The research paper explains that even though Republicanism established laws that required everyone within the common wealth to follow, for the protection and preservation of the common wealth, democracy may therefore protect the freedom and liberty of commoners, or citizens, by incorporating democratic rights that limit the powers of the state or government.
The Rise Of Democratic Ideas
The document traces the rise of democratic ideas from ancient Greece to the modern era. It discusses the democratic reforms of Solon and Cleisthenes in ancient Athens, as well as Athens' evolution into a direct democracy under Pericles. Roman influence is explored through the establishment of the Roman Republic and the codification of Roman law. The document then examines the contributions of the Enlightenment philosophers like Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau to the development of democratic thought. It also summarizes the American and French Revolutions, which drew upon these Enlightenment ideas of natural rights and popular sovereignty.
The Revolutions
The document summarizes several historical revolutions and documents that changed power structures:
1) The Magna Carta in 1215 limited the power of English kings and gave more power to Parliament.
2) The Glorious Revolution of 1688 saw William and Mary take the English throne and establish the English Bill of Rights, changing the power of kings forever.
3) The English Bill of Rights of 1689 further limited royal power and established the power of Parliament.
Ancient Greece Governments
The document discusses different forms of government in Ancient Greece: oligarchy, where a small group rules; tyranny, where a single ruler has absolute power; and democracy, where people rule themselves. It provides examples of each type, such as oligarchies being ruled by aristocrats and tyrants gaining power through strong armies. Democracies evolved from direct systems where people voted on laws to representative systems. Citizenship rights also expanded over time. Governments sometimes transitioned between these forms due to power struggles.
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Modern Greece traces its roots to ancient Greece, the cradle of Western civilization. Ancient Greece spread throughout the Balkans and Aegean islands, establishing Greek civilization. In the 5th-4th centuries BCE, Athens and Sparta were powerful independent city-states, and Athens under Pericles became a cultural and artistic center. Today, Greece has a maritime industry centered in Piraeus and tourism is an important part of the economy. Greek culture is also reflected in its cuisine including souvlaki, salads, and wines.
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Information from History Alive! Pictures from Wikipedia and Discovery Education.
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World War II was the largest war in history, fought from 1939 to 1945 across the globe. Over 70 million people died. It was caused by the aftermath of WWI which humiliated Germany, the rise of totalitarian regimes like Nazi Germany and fascist Italy, and the failed policy of appeasement. The war began when Germany invaded Poland in 1939. Major powers on the Axis side included Germany, Italy, and Japan, while the Allied powers included Great Britain, the Soviet Union, and the United States. The war ended in 1945 with the Allies defeating the Axis powers and Germany and Japan surrendering after sustained military campaigns and the US dropping atomic bombs on Japan.
Ancient civilization of india
- The Indus Valley civilization emerged in the river valleys of the Indus River around 1500 BC and included major cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro with populations of 35,000-40,000 people.
- Around 1500 BC, nomadic Aryan groups migrated into northern India and conquered the Indus Valley civilization, establishing new social divisions and institutions. They developed a caste system that stratified Hindu society into priests, warriors, commoners, peasants, and untouchables.
- Hinduism and Buddhism both originated in ancient India, with Hinduism believing in dharma, karma, samsara, and deities like Brahma and Shiva, while Buddhism rejected the Hindu caste system
Introduction to the ancient Greek civilization
The document provides an overview of ancient Greek civilization from the Archaic period to Roman Greece. It discusses important aspects of Greek culture including tragedies, philosophy, democracy, architecture, and sports. Greek philosophy had a significant influence and focused on concepts like happiness and virtue. Key philosophers included Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Athens was also the birthplace of democracy. The architecture and Olympic games were other influential parts of ancient Greek society.
Greek civilization
The document provides information on ancient Greece, including details about various city-states and aspects of Greek culture. Key points include:
- Greece is located in southeastern Europe and was home to influential city-states like Athens and Sparta.
- Athenian culture flourished in areas like architecture, drama, philosophy and science. The Parthenon and Acropolis were constructed in Athens.
- Spartan society emphasized military training and discipline.
- Greek society was divided between free citizens and slaves, and included metics or foreign residents.
- Greek culture made significant contributions to fields like philosophy, literature, theatre, music, science, architecture, sculpture and sports like the Olympics.
Ancient china huang he civilizations
Huang he civilizations, early China, Confucianism, Taoism, based on SC State Standards- images found on google
CPWC 06.4 the fall of the roman empire
The decline of the Roman Empire began after the reign of Marcus Aurelius in the 2nd century AD. The empire faced economic troubles as trade and agriculture declined, taxes increased, and inflation rose. The military also became less disciplined and loyal to Rome. Several emperors attempted reforms to address these issues, such as Diocletian who divided the empire in half and established the Tetrarchy system of rule, and Constantine who moved the capital to Constantinople. However, invasions by Germanic tribes and the Huns in the 5th century led to the sacking of Rome in 410 and the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476.
Greek civilization
The Greek civilization originated in the Balkan Peninsula in the 8th century BC. They lived in independent city-states called polis, with Athens and Sparta being two important ones. Polis were initially governed by aristocracies but some later transitioned to democracies. Due to overpopulation, many Greeks migrated and founded colonies around the Mediterranean, spreading Greek culture. Greek society was divided between citizens, who had rights, and non-citizens like foreigners, slaves, and women who had few to no rights. The Greeks made important contributions to philosophy, science, theatre, and architecture.
Ancient Mesopotamia (World History)
This PowerPoint was designed to help provide an introduction to ancient Mesopotamia for World History students, with emphasis on writing, geography, and religion.
For more instructional materials, visit www.tomrichey.net!
World War II Power Point
World War II was the largest war in human history, involving countries around the globe from 1939 to 1945. Over 70 million people were killed by the end of the war. The war was sparked by the aftermath of World War I and rise of totalitarian regimes in Germany, Italy, and Japan led by Hitler, Mussolini, and Tojo seeking to expand their territories. The war began when Germany invaded Poland in 1939 and soon involved most major world powers aligned into two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Ch1 review world
- 2. Ancient civilizations Mesopotamia: Code of Hammurabi- earliest known set of laws Egypt: One of the oldest civilizations Ruled by Pharaohs and very powerful and stable Israelites: A united kingdom with Jerusalem as the capital. After King Solomon died it split into 2 kingdoms Israel and Judah (Jews and Judaism)
- 3. Ancient India Caste System: a social system that divided society into 4 classes based on occupation and family Hinduism: Believed that the individual self sought to know the ultimate reality of the universe. Reincarnation and Karma Buddhism: Started by Siddhartha Gautama (Buddah). Focused on gaining wisdom.
- 4. Ancient China History separated by dynasties Dynasty: A succession of rulers from the same family Family is the core of society Confucianism: Came from lessons of a philosopher named Confucious. Emphasized how to act morally in the real world. Believed people were naturally good
- 5. Greek Civiliazation Polis (city-state)- center of Greek life. A city with an acropolis below where people could gather and hold markets Some ruled by an Oligarchy and others by a democracy, but all gave political rights to citizens Sparta and Athens were both powerful city-states Sparta was very militaristic, Athens was a great sea power
- 6. Greek Philosophy Socrates: Athenian stonemason who believed that education had no other goal than improving human understanding. Socratic Method: believed that all knowledge was already in each person and it just needed to be drawn out. Plato: A student of Socrates. He wrote The Republic describing an ideal state with 3 groups Aristotle: A student of Plato. Focused on analyzing and classifying things based on observation and investigation.
- 7. Rome Created a republic- a form of government where there is no monarch and certain citizens can vote. Roman law applied only to citizens. Had a huge impact of some of our laws today Christianity was born and spread in the Roman empire
- 8. Islam “Submission to Allah” Started by Muhammad (the prophet) Believed an Angel spoke to him and revealed the words that are now the Quran Muslim religion spread quickly through the Middle East and then to Africa and Europe.
- 9. Europe in the Middle Ages Charlemagne- king of the Franks who became the first Roman emperor in many years Feudalism: Nobles gave protection and land in return for loyalty and service Magna Carta: gave more rights to nobles, limiting a monarchs power.
- 10. Renaissance and Reformation Renaissance was based on a rebirth of the culture of Greeks and Romans Leonardo da Vinci- a “Renaissance Man” Protestant Reformation: a questioning of Catholicism and it’s ideas- Martin Luther Lead to the creation of the protestant church