This document provides an overview of the cerebellum presented by Prof. Dr. Ansari for BDS semester-II students. It describes the parts and lobes of the cerebellum, cerebellar peduncles, blood supply, functions, and lesions. Specifically, it notes that the cerebellum has right and left hemispheres connected by the superior and inferior vermis, and contains the primary, secondary, and flocculonodular lobes which control muscle tone, skilled movements, and balance respectively. It also discusses the cerebellar peduncles and blood vessels that supply the cerebellum.

1. CEREBELLUM
BY
PROF. DR. ANSARI
CHAIRPERSON ANATOMY
RAK COLLEGE OF DENTAL SCIENCES
(FOR BDS SEMESTER-II STUDENTS ONLY)
Tuesday, January 07, 2014
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2. OBJECTIVES
• Parts of cerebellum
• Cerebellar peduncles
• Blood supply of cerebellum
• Functions of cerebellum
• Cerebellar lesions manifestations
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3. Parts of cerebellum
• It has right and left cerebellar hemispheres
controlling the ipsilateral side of the body.
• Both hemispheres are connected by superior and
inferior vermis.
• It has three lobes:• (a) Primary lobe/anterior lobe- controls muscle tone
& posture.
• (b) secondary lobe/posterior lobe-this controls
skilled voluntary movements.
• © floculonodular lobe- controls the balance.
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4. Tuesday, January 07, 2014
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5. Tuesday, January 07, 2014
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6. There are three fissures on the
surfaces of cerebellum
• Fissura prima/primary fissure- it is between
anterior lobe and posterior lobe
• Fissura secunda/secondary fissure-it is
between posterior and floculonodular lobes
• Horizontal fissure. Runs from one middle
cerebellar peduncle to the other, separating
superior surface from inferior surface of
cerebellum.
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7. Cerebellum
has three
peduncles
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8. Superior cerebellar peduncles
It is a connection between cerebellum and
mesencephalon. It is an out flow tract coming
out -efferent's from cerebellum.
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9. The inferior cerebellar peduncles
• They connect medulla and spinal cord with
the cerebellum.
• They carry mainly the inputs from body.
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10. ICP
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11. The middle cerebellar peduncles
• It connects the cerebrum with the pons and
cerebellum.
• The cerebral cortex sends fibers as
cerebropontocerebellar fibers/ corticonuclear
fibers/corticopontocerebellar fibers.
• It is the thickest white fibers bundles joining
the pons with the cerebellum.
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12. MIDDLE CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLE
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13. Blood supply of cerebellum
• There are three arteries that supply the
cerebellum:• I) Superior cerebellar artery-SCA.
• 2) Anterior inferior cerebellar artery-AICA.
• 3) Posterior inferior cerebellar artery-PICA.
• These arteries arise from the vertebrobasilar
axis.
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15. The dentate nuclei are the deep nuclei of cerebellum, all
efferent from cerebellum comes from deep nuclei
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16. The deep nuclei of the cerebellum
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17. The cerebellum is involved in the coordination of
voluntary motor movement, balance and equilibrium
and
muscle
tone.
• Damage to the cerebellum can lead to:
• 1) loss of coordination of motor movement (asynergia),
• 2) the inability to judge distance and when to stop
(dysmetria),
• 3) the inability to perform rapid alternating movements
(adiadochokinesia),
• 4) movement tremors (intention tremor),
• 5) staggering, wide based walking (ataxic gait),
• 6) tendency toward falling,
• 7) weak muscles (hypotonia),
• 8) slurred speech (ataxic dysarthria), and
• 9) abnormal eye movements (nystagmus).
10) titubation
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18. References
• http://vanat.cvm.umn.edu/NeuroLectPDFs/Le
ctCerebellum.pdf
• http://www.csuchico.edu/~pmccaffrey/syllabi
/CMSD%20320/362unit7.html
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19. SAMPLE MCQS
The spinocerebellum contains the...
The lateral vestibular nuclei are functionally
analogous to the...
•
•
A. Red nucleus
•
B. Purkinje cells
•
C. Basal ganglia
•
A. vermis and intermediate zone of
the anterior and posterior lobes.
B. Vermal and floccular parts of the
flocculonodular lobe.
•
C. Lateral portions of the cerebellum.
•
D. Thalamus
•
D. Posterior lobe and interposed
nuclei.
•
E. Deep cerebellar nuclei
•
E. Anterior lobe and dentate nuclei.
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20. MCQS
•
Following a strenuous workout with his neighborhood
team, a right-handed, 52-year-old former professional
basketball player awoke the next morning with
paralysis of the right lower extremity. A neurological
exam revealed an exaggerated stretch reflex. There
was no disturbance of position sense, pain sensation
or tactile discrimination. Where is the problem
localized?
A. Anterior (ventral) horn, right side.
All of the following are
examples of dyskinesia EXCEPT:
•
A. Athetosis
•
•
•
B. Chorea
•
C. Tremors
•
B. Cerebellum, right side.
•
C. Posterior (dorsal) columns of spinal cord, right side.
•
D. Rigidity
•
D. Left motor cortex, lateral (inferior) portion of motor
map.
•
E. Ballismus
•
E. Left motor cortex, medial (superior) portion of
motor January 07, 2014
Tuesday,
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