( Cellular physiology )
•Download as DOCX, PDF•
5 likes•669 views
The cell contains organelles that carry out specific functions. The two major parts are the nucleus, which contains the cell's DNA, and the cytoplasm. Protoplasm makes up the cell and is composed of water, electrolytes, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Water acts as a solvent, electrolytes provide inorganic chemicals, proteins serve structural and enzymatic roles, lipids provide energy storage and cell signaling, and carbohydrates provide nutrition. Cell membranes surround and separate organelles and delimit the cell.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Cell physiology
The document provides an overview of cell physiology by describing the key components and organelles of the cell, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and how cells carry out functions of living organisms like nutrition, respiration and growth through these cellular structures. It also discusses cell replication through mitosis and meiosis and how chromosomes are passed from parents to offspring.
Cell Physiology 1-dr. roomi
The document summarizes key components and functions of the cell membrane and cytoplasm. It describes the cell membrane as a selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer that envelops the cell. It also discusses the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane and its integral and peripheral proteins. The cytoplasm is described as containing a cytosol and various organelles, including the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and cytoskeleton. Various types of transport across the cell membrane, such as diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport, are also summarized.
CELL PHYSIOLOGY
The document summarizes the key components of the cell including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. It provides details on the structure and functions of the plasma membrane, including the lipid bilayer structure and roles of membrane proteins. It then describes the two main parts of the cytoplasm - the cytosol and organelles within it. Specific organelles are outlined like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. The nucleus is noted as housing the cell's DNA within chromosomes.
Human's cell
The document summarizes the key cells found in major human organs and tissues. It describes the mitochondria, intercalated disks, and T-tubules that give heart cells their unique properties. Liver cells include hepatocytes for protein synthesis and recycling, Kupffer cells which are specialized macrophages, and stellate cells which are part of the nervous system. Skin contains melanocytes for producing melanin pigment, Langerhans cells which interact with the immune system, and Merkel cells in hairless skin. Muscle cells contain myofibrils with actin and myosin filaments that power contraction. Blood contains red blood cells, platelets, and five types of white blood cells - neutrophils, eosinoph
physiology of cell
about physiology of cell .
it help to revision and also help to study easily about the cell.
if you want to read in detail about physiology of cell clink on this link:- https://www.slideshare.net/MedicTalks/physiology-1st-lec
also view video :- https://youtu.be/2kSEuE5AVr0
Cell & its organelles, inter cellular conections
Cell: The cell is the ultimate structural and functional unit of the body.
The three principal constituents of the cell are:
1. Cell membrane
2. Cytoplasm and its organelles
3. Nucleus
Cell Structure & Cell Division
The document summarizes the structure of mammalian cells. It describes the key organelles including the nucleus which houses the genetic material, the endoplasmic reticulum which synthesizes proteins, the Golgi apparatus which modifies and packages proteins and lipids, mitochondria which generate energy, and lysosomes which digest waste. It also discusses the plasma membrane which encloses the cell and cytoskeleton which provides structure. Electron micrographs provide visual examples of these organelles.
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)
The document discusses the endomembrane system, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex. The ER is divided into rough ER, where proteins are synthesized, and smooth ER, which functions in lipid and steroid synthesis. Newly synthesized proteins are modified in the Golgi complex through glycosylation as they progress through cis, medial, and trans cisternae. The trans Golgi network sorts proteins to their final destinations, such as secretion or lysosomes.
Recommended
Cell physiology
The document provides an overview of cell physiology by describing the key components and organelles of the cell, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and how cells carry out functions of living organisms like nutrition, respiration and growth through these cellular structures. It also discusses cell replication through mitosis and meiosis and how chromosomes are passed from parents to offspring.
Cell Physiology 1-dr. roomi
The document summarizes key components and functions of the cell membrane and cytoplasm. It describes the cell membrane as a selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer that envelops the cell. It also discusses the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane and its integral and peripheral proteins. The cytoplasm is described as containing a cytosol and various organelles, including the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and cytoskeleton. Various types of transport across the cell membrane, such as diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, and active transport, are also summarized.
CELL PHYSIOLOGY
The document summarizes the key components of the cell including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. It provides details on the structure and functions of the plasma membrane, including the lipid bilayer structure and roles of membrane proteins. It then describes the two main parts of the cytoplasm - the cytosol and organelles within it. Specific organelles are outlined like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, and peroxisomes. The nucleus is noted as housing the cell's DNA within chromosomes.
Human's cell
The document summarizes the key cells found in major human organs and tissues. It describes the mitochondria, intercalated disks, and T-tubules that give heart cells their unique properties. Liver cells include hepatocytes for protein synthesis and recycling, Kupffer cells which are specialized macrophages, and stellate cells which are part of the nervous system. Skin contains melanocytes for producing melanin pigment, Langerhans cells which interact with the immune system, and Merkel cells in hairless skin. Muscle cells contain myofibrils with actin and myosin filaments that power contraction. Blood contains red blood cells, platelets, and five types of white blood cells - neutrophils, eosinoph
physiology of cell
about physiology of cell .
it help to revision and also help to study easily about the cell.
if you want to read in detail about physiology of cell clink on this link:- https://www.slideshare.net/MedicTalks/physiology-1st-lec
also view video :- https://youtu.be/2kSEuE5AVr0
Cell & its organelles, inter cellular conections
Cell: The cell is the ultimate structural and functional unit of the body.
The three principal constituents of the cell are:
1. Cell membrane
2. Cytoplasm and its organelles
3. Nucleus
Cell Structure & Cell Division
The document summarizes the structure of mammalian cells. It describes the key organelles including the nucleus which houses the genetic material, the endoplasmic reticulum which synthesizes proteins, the Golgi apparatus which modifies and packages proteins and lipids, mitochondria which generate energy, and lysosomes which digest waste. It also discusses the plasma membrane which encloses the cell and cytoskeleton which provides structure. Electron micrographs provide visual examples of these organelles.
Cytoplasmic membrane systems (chap8)
The document discusses the endomembrane system, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi complex. The ER is divided into rough ER, where proteins are synthesized, and smooth ER, which functions in lipid and steroid synthesis. Newly synthesized proteins are modified in the Golgi complex through glycosylation as they progress through cis, medial, and trans cisternae. The trans Golgi network sorts proteins to their final destinations, such as secretion or lysosomes.
Cell physiology 2013
1) The cell membrane acts as a selectively permeable barrier through which substances can pass through either passively (simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis) or actively (active transport), using cellular energy.
2) Passive transport involves diffusion of substances down their concentration gradients through the membrane without cellular energy use, including simple diffusion of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and alcohol, and osmosis of water.
3) Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradients and requires energy in the form of ATP, such as the sodium-potassium pump maintaining ion gradients across the membrane.
Structure of cell
This document summarizes key features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes like bacteria are unicellular and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes like plants and animals are complex cells with organelles that have specialized functions. A key difference is that eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized by membrane-bound structures like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and Golgi apparatus, allowing separation of metabolic processes. The plasma membrane encloses the cell and regulates transport, while the nucleus houses genetic material and controls cellular functions.
Introduction to physiology lecture
The document summarizes key aspects of cell physiology:
- Cells are the basic units of structure and function in the body, with over 100 trillion cells that come in a variety of shapes and sizes.
- All cells share certain characteristics like mechanisms for obtaining and using energy from nutrients.
- The basic structures of cells include a plasma membrane, cytoplasm containing organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes, and the nucleus which houses genetic material.
- The plasma membrane is selectively permeable and controls what enters and exits the cell. It contains proteins, lipids and carbohydrates.
- The cytoplasm and organelles work together to carry out specialized functions and transport materials within the cell.
- The nucleus contains
Cell & cell organelles dr naveen reddy
This document provides an overview of cells and cell organelles. It begins with an introduction to cells and a brief history of key discoveries in cell biology. It then discusses cell classification and the basic structures of cells, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and various organelles. The functions of organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes and ribosomes are described. The document also covers the cytoskeleton, projections from the cell surface like cilia and flagella, and intracellular inclusions.
Functions of cell organelles
The document describes the organization of cells and various cellular organelles. It discusses the structure and functions of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and nucleus. Mitochondria generate energy through oxidative phosphorylation. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are involved in protein modification and transport. Lysosomes contain enzymes for intracellular digestion. Peroxisomes contain enzymes for lipid metabolism. The nucleus contains DNA and directs gene expression and protein synthesis.
Organelles and cytoplasm pp
The cytoplasm contains organelles and inclusions and is where most cellular activities occur. The cytoskeleton acts as the cell's structure and includes microtubules, filaments and microfilaments. Cilia, flagella and microvilli project from the cell membrane and have specific functions. Organelles such as mitochondria generate energy, the endoplasmic reticulum modifies proteins, vesicles transport materials and the golgi apparatus packages proteins. The nucleus contains the nucleolus and chromosomal DNA and directs cell activities. Mitosis involves specific phases that result in two daughter cells each with the same genetic material.
HUMAN CELL ANATOMY
human cell anatomy - "cell is a basic structural unit of life" -as all living organism are made up of cells knowing the unique functions of the cell, shape, anatomy , function of organelle, and types of human cell involved are the most important factors and to also understand about -how human cells can play a vital role in our daily life.
Cell organelles
Animal and plant cells contain similar organelles except for lysosomes, which are only found in animal cells, and chloroplasts, which are only found in plant cells. The document then provides detailed information about the structure and functions of various organelles including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, nucleus, chromatin, and nucleolus.
Human cell anatomy
Human cell Anatomy discusses the structure and function of human cells and their organelles. It provides details on the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, lysosomes, peroxisomes, centrosomes, and cytoskeleton. It also describes the fundamental processes of the cell including cell division, growth, differentiation, and programmed cell death. Finally, it discusses the different types of cells in the human body including somatic cells, germ cells, blood cells, muscle cells, nerve cells, skin cells, and more.
Cell Anatomy
This document provides an overview of cell anatomy and biology. It discusses the major compartments of the body and cells, including intracellular and extracellular fluid. It describes important cellular structures like membranes, organelles, cytoskeleton, and junctions. The four basic tissue types - epithelia, connective, muscle, and neural - are also mentioned. Key cellular processes like differentiation, secretion, movement, and remodeling are summarized.
cytology
The plasma membrane surrounds eukaryotic cells and is composed of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates. Phospholipids form a double layer with hydrophobic tails facing the center and hydrophilic heads facing out. Cholesterol makes the membrane more fluid. The plasma membrane regulates what passes in and out of the cell. Inside the cell are organelles including the nucleus that contains DNA, endoplasmic reticulum that synthesizes proteins, Golgi apparatus that modifies proteins, mitochondria that generate energy, lysosomes that digest waste, and peroxisomes that break down fatty acids.
Cytoplasmic organelles
the presentation gives the structure, function, and electron microscopic image of the various cytoplasmic organelles. it also includes the clinical significance of various organelle damage.
Cell organelles
This document provides an overview of key cell organelles:
- The cell membrane controls movement of substances in and out of cells. It consists of a lipid bilayer and embedded proteins.
- Mitochondria produce ATP through respiration and regulate metabolism. They have an outer and inner membrane.
- The Golgi apparatus packages and modifies proteins and lipids in the cell.
- The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and proteins. It has rough and smooth regions.
- Lysosomes contain enzymes for breaking down biomolecules through autophagy and endocytosis.
- Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
Cell
All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.
Cytology Class Presentation
- All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function.
- Cells contain organelles that compartmentalize functions and come in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic forms. Prokaryotic cells lack nuclei while eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound nuclei.
- Eukaryotic cells also contain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts that are thought to have evolved from endosymbiotic relationships with ancient prokaryotes.
Cell and its organelles
Cell membranes are semi-permeable bilayers that contain lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. They maintain cell shape, control movement of materials in and out of the cell, and are involved in cell signaling and communication. Organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and ribosomes are enclosed within the cell membrane and have specialized functions like DNA replication, ATP production, protein synthesis and modification, waste disposal, and lipid metabolism. Together, the cell membrane and organelles work cooperatively to carry out the functions necessary to sustain life.
Cytoplasm
The document discusses the structures and functions of eukaryotic cells. It outlines the major organelles found in plant and animal cells including the cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, chloroplasts, centrioles, vacuoles, plastids, leucoplasts, chromoplasts, nuclei, nucleoli, nuclear membranes, and chromosomes. It provides details on the specific roles of these organelles in photosynthesis, digestion, cell division, food storage, motility, and genetic functions.
Chapter 4
- The document discusses the structure and function of cells, including both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. It describes the key components of the cell and their functions.
- The main parts of eukaryotic cells are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles like mitochondria and the nucleus. Plant cells additionally contain chloroplasts and a cell wall.
- The structures and organelles work together to carry out essential functions like respiration, protein production, transport and waste removal that allow the cell to survive.
Cell Anatomy Mini Lecture
The document provides an overview of cell anatomy, discussing various organelles found within cells and their functions. It describes how the nucleus houses DNA and holds instructions for life. It also notes that ribosomes assemble polypeptides, the endoplasmic reticulum comes in rough and smooth varieties, and lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. Finally, it mentions that the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix provide structural support.
CELL ANATOMY
All organisms are composed of one or more cells, which are the basic unit of life. A typical animal cell contains organelles such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and microtubules. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs cell activities, while organelles such as mitochondria generate energy and the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus modify and transport proteins within the cell. Cells arise only through division of preexisting cells, demonstrating the cell theory that cells are the fundamental unit of life.
Cell organells 1
At the end of this session, the student should be able to:
a. Describe the organization of the cell.
b. List the membranous structures of the cell and describe briefly the structure of the cell membrane.
c. List the cellular organelles and describe briefly the functions of each.
med_students0
Anatomy and physniology: CELL BIOLOGY.pptx
Cells are the basic units of all living things. They contain a nucleus and organelles that allow specific functions like metabolism, communication, reproduction, and protein synthesis. Cells are visualized under light and electron microscopes. The cell membrane forms the boundary and contains proteins that serve functions like transport, signaling, and anchoring to other cells. Membrane lipids include phospholipids and cholesterol that form the bilayer structure. Membrane proteins carry out roles such as transport, signaling, anchoring, and identifying other cells.
More Related Content
What's hot
Cell physiology 2013
1) The cell membrane acts as a selectively permeable barrier through which substances can pass through either passively (simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis) or actively (active transport), using cellular energy.
2) Passive transport involves diffusion of substances down their concentration gradients through the membrane without cellular energy use, including simple diffusion of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and alcohol, and osmosis of water.
3) Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradients and requires energy in the form of ATP, such as the sodium-potassium pump maintaining ion gradients across the membrane.
Structure of cell
This document summarizes key features of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes like bacteria are unicellular and lack membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotes like plants and animals are complex cells with organelles that have specialized functions. A key difference is that eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized by membrane-bound structures like the nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and Golgi apparatus, allowing separation of metabolic processes. The plasma membrane encloses the cell and regulates transport, while the nucleus houses genetic material and controls cellular functions.
Introduction to physiology lecture
The document summarizes key aspects of cell physiology:
- Cells are the basic units of structure and function in the body, with over 100 trillion cells that come in a variety of shapes and sizes.
- All cells share certain characteristics like mechanisms for obtaining and using energy from nutrients.
- The basic structures of cells include a plasma membrane, cytoplasm containing organelles like the nucleus, mitochondria and ribosomes, and the nucleus which houses genetic material.
- The plasma membrane is selectively permeable and controls what enters and exits the cell. It contains proteins, lipids and carbohydrates.
- The cytoplasm and organelles work together to carry out specialized functions and transport materials within the cell.
- The nucleus contains
Cell & cell organelles dr naveen reddy
This document provides an overview of cells and cell organelles. It begins with an introduction to cells and a brief history of key discoveries in cell biology. It then discusses cell classification and the basic structures of cells, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and various organelles. The functions of organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes and ribosomes are described. The document also covers the cytoskeleton, projections from the cell surface like cilia and flagella, and intracellular inclusions.
Functions of cell organelles
The document describes the organization of cells and various cellular organelles. It discusses the structure and functions of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and nucleus. Mitochondria generate energy through oxidative phosphorylation. The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus are involved in protein modification and transport. Lysosomes contain enzymes for intracellular digestion. Peroxisomes contain enzymes for lipid metabolism. The nucleus contains DNA and directs gene expression and protein synthesis.
Organelles and cytoplasm pp
The cytoplasm contains organelles and inclusions and is where most cellular activities occur. The cytoskeleton acts as the cell's structure and includes microtubules, filaments and microfilaments. Cilia, flagella and microvilli project from the cell membrane and have specific functions. Organelles such as mitochondria generate energy, the endoplasmic reticulum modifies proteins, vesicles transport materials and the golgi apparatus packages proteins. The nucleus contains the nucleolus and chromosomal DNA and directs cell activities. Mitosis involves specific phases that result in two daughter cells each with the same genetic material.
HUMAN CELL ANATOMY
human cell anatomy - "cell is a basic structural unit of life" -as all living organism are made up of cells knowing the unique functions of the cell, shape, anatomy , function of organelle, and types of human cell involved are the most important factors and to also understand about -how human cells can play a vital role in our daily life.
Cell organelles
Animal and plant cells contain similar organelles except for lysosomes, which are only found in animal cells, and chloroplasts, which are only found in plant cells. The document then provides detailed information about the structure and functions of various organelles including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, nucleus, chromatin, and nucleolus.
Human cell anatomy
Human cell Anatomy discusses the structure and function of human cells and their organelles. It provides details on the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, lysosomes, peroxisomes, centrosomes, and cytoskeleton. It also describes the fundamental processes of the cell including cell division, growth, differentiation, and programmed cell death. Finally, it discusses the different types of cells in the human body including somatic cells, germ cells, blood cells, muscle cells, nerve cells, skin cells, and more.
Cell Anatomy
This document provides an overview of cell anatomy and biology. It discusses the major compartments of the body and cells, including intracellular and extracellular fluid. It describes important cellular structures like membranes, organelles, cytoskeleton, and junctions. The four basic tissue types - epithelia, connective, muscle, and neural - are also mentioned. Key cellular processes like differentiation, secretion, movement, and remodeling are summarized.
cytology
The plasma membrane surrounds eukaryotic cells and is composed of phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates. Phospholipids form a double layer with hydrophobic tails facing the center and hydrophilic heads facing out. Cholesterol makes the membrane more fluid. The plasma membrane regulates what passes in and out of the cell. Inside the cell are organelles including the nucleus that contains DNA, endoplasmic reticulum that synthesizes proteins, Golgi apparatus that modifies proteins, mitochondria that generate energy, lysosomes that digest waste, and peroxisomes that break down fatty acids.
Cytoplasmic organelles
the presentation gives the structure, function, and electron microscopic image of the various cytoplasmic organelles. it also includes the clinical significance of various organelle damage.
Cell organelles
This document provides an overview of key cell organelles:
- The cell membrane controls movement of substances in and out of cells. It consists of a lipid bilayer and embedded proteins.
- Mitochondria produce ATP through respiration and regulate metabolism. They have an outer and inner membrane.
- The Golgi apparatus packages and modifies proteins and lipids in the cell.
- The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and proteins. It has rough and smooth regions.
- Lysosomes contain enzymes for breaking down biomolecules through autophagy and endocytosis.
- Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
Cell
All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.
Cytology Class Presentation
- All living things are composed of cells, which are the basic units of structure and function.
- Cells contain organelles that compartmentalize functions and come in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic forms. Prokaryotic cells lack nuclei while eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound nuclei.
- Eukaryotic cells also contain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts that are thought to have evolved from endosymbiotic relationships with ancient prokaryotes.
Cell and its organelles
Cell membranes are semi-permeable bilayers that contain lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. They maintain cell shape, control movement of materials in and out of the cell, and are involved in cell signaling and communication. Organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and ribosomes are enclosed within the cell membrane and have specialized functions like DNA replication, ATP production, protein synthesis and modification, waste disposal, and lipid metabolism. Together, the cell membrane and organelles work cooperatively to carry out the functions necessary to sustain life.
Cytoplasm
The document discusses the structures and functions of eukaryotic cells. It outlines the major organelles found in plant and animal cells including the cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, chloroplasts, centrioles, vacuoles, plastids, leucoplasts, chromoplasts, nuclei, nucleoli, nuclear membranes, and chromosomes. It provides details on the specific roles of these organelles in photosynthesis, digestion, cell division, food storage, motility, and genetic functions.
Chapter 4
- The document discusses the structure and function of cells, including both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. It describes the key components of the cell and their functions.
- The main parts of eukaryotic cells are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, organelles like mitochondria and the nucleus. Plant cells additionally contain chloroplasts and a cell wall.
- The structures and organelles work together to carry out essential functions like respiration, protein production, transport and waste removal that allow the cell to survive.
Cell Anatomy Mini Lecture
The document provides an overview of cell anatomy, discussing various organelles found within cells and their functions. It describes how the nucleus houses DNA and holds instructions for life. It also notes that ribosomes assemble polypeptides, the endoplasmic reticulum comes in rough and smooth varieties, and lysosomes contain digestive enzymes. Finally, it mentions that the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix provide structural support.
CELL ANATOMY
All organisms are composed of one or more cells, which are the basic unit of life. A typical animal cell contains organelles such as a nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and microtubules. The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and directs cell activities, while organelles such as mitochondria generate energy and the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus modify and transport proteins within the cell. Cells arise only through division of preexisting cells, demonstrating the cell theory that cells are the fundamental unit of life.
What's hot (20)
Similar to ( Cellular physiology )
Cell organells 1
At the end of this session, the student should be able to:
a. Describe the organization of the cell.
b. List the membranous structures of the cell and describe briefly the structure of the cell membrane.
c. List the cellular organelles and describe briefly the functions of each.
med_students0
Anatomy and physniology: CELL BIOLOGY.pptx
Cells are the basic units of all living things. They contain a nucleus and organelles that allow specific functions like metabolism, communication, reproduction, and protein synthesis. Cells are visualized under light and electron microscopes. The cell membrane forms the boundary and contains proteins that serve functions like transport, signaling, and anchoring to other cells. Membrane lipids include phospholipids and cholesterol that form the bilayer structure. Membrane proteins carry out roles such as transport, signaling, anchoring, and identifying other cells.
Physio psychlecture1
The document discusses several key topics related to cell biology and physiology:
1. It describes the basic components and functions of cells, including DNA, organelles, and metabolic processes. It distinguishes between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
2. It discusses several aspects of cell membranes, including the fluid mosaic model and various membrane components like proteins, lipids, and cholesterol.
3. It covers several topics related to nerve cells and the nervous system, including the types of neurons and glial cells, how resting potential and action potentials are generated, and how nerve signals are transmitted through saltatory conduction.
4. It explains the processes of chemical transmission at synapses, including graded potentials
2.1 Cell Structure And Function Biology Form 4
The document discusses the structures and functions of animal and plant cells. It describes how to prepare microscope slides of cells and identify their components. The main components of both animal and plant cells are the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, plasma membrane, ribosomes, and cytoplasm. Plant cells also contain chloroplasts, a cell wall, and a central vacuole. The functions of these various organelles are explained. Differences between animal and plant cells are compared.
Cellular organization.ppt
This document provides information on the cellular and chemical levels of organization in the human body. It begins with an introduction to cells as the basic structural and functional units of life. The history of cell discovery is then summarized, from early microscope observations by Hooke and Leeuwenhoek to the formulation of the cell theory by Schleiden and Schwann. The document goes on to describe the types, structures and components of eukaryotic cells, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, and specialized cells in the oral cavity.
ppt_bme
The document discusses the structure and function of cells. It describes the key compartments of cells including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, cytoskeleton, and nucleus. The major functions of these compartments are transport of ions and molecules, metabolism of carbohydrates lipids and amino acids, energy production, synthesis of proteins and lipids, modification and sorting of proteins, cellular digestion, utilization of hydrogen peroxide, cell morphology and motility, and DNA synthesis and repair.
ppt of cell.pdf
The document discusses the structure and function of cells. It describes the key components of cells including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, cytoskeleton, and nucleus. The major functions of these components are transport of molecules, metabolism, energy production, synthesis of proteins and lipids, modification and sorting of proteins, cellular digestion, utilization of hydrogen peroxide, cell morphology and motility, and DNA synthesis and repair.
cellstructurefunction-190628175900.pdf
The document describes the structure and functions of the major components of the cell, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, cytoskeleton, and nucleus. It discusses how the plasma membrane regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cell and links cells together. It explains that the cytoplasm contains cytosol and various organelles, such as mitochondria, which produce energy, and the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, which are involved in protein synthesis and modification. The nucleus contains the genetic material and controls gene expression. Overall, the document provides an overview of the basic constituents of the cell and their roles in important cellular processes.
Cell: Structure & Function
The document describes the structure and functions of the major components of the cell, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, cytoskeleton, and nucleus. It discusses how the plasma membrane regulates the passage of molecules in and out of the cell and links cells together. It explains that the cytoplasm contains cytosol and various organelles, such as mitochondria, which produce energy, and the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, which are involved in protein synthesis and modification. The nucleus contains the genetic material and controls gene expression. Overall, the document provides an overview of the basic constituents of the cell and their roles in important cellular processes.
cellstructurefunction-190628175900.pdf
The document describes the structure and functions of the major components of the cell, including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, cytoskeleton, and nucleus. It discusses how the plasma membrane regulates the movement of molecules in and out of the cell. It explains that the mitochondria acts as the cell's powerhouse by producing energy through cellular respiration. The endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes are involved in synthesis and transport of proteins and lipids. The cytoskeleton maintains the cell's structure and allows for cell movement. Finally, the nucleus contains the genetic material and regulates gene expression.
Cell Theory.pdf
The document discusses the fundamental unit of life - the cell. It describes the key components of cells including the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and cytoskeleton. It also discusses the nucleus. The main functions of these components are to transport ions and molecules, carry out metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids, produce energy, synthesize proteins and lipids, modify and sort proteins, aid in cellular digestion, utilize hydrogen peroxide, maintain cell morphology and enable cell motility, and facilitate DNA synthesis and repair.
CELL BIOLOGY
The document provides information on cell biology. It begins by defining the cell as the fundamental unit of life and describes the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It then discusses several organelles found within cells including the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, peroxisomes, cytosol, and cytoskeleton. It explains the structure and functions of the cell membrane, including the fluid mosaic model. Finally, it briefly outlines different mechanisms of transport across the cell membrane including passive transport, active transport, and bulk transport.
Cell
The document summarizes key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, are typically smaller than eukaryotic cells and do not have internal subcellular structures like organelles. In contrast, eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus that contains DNA, as well as distinct organelles such as mitochondria and lysosomes that carry out specialized functions. The document also provides details on the structure and functions of various eukaryotic cell organelles.
cell revision.pptx
The document describes the key components and structures of animal cells. It discusses the constituents of cells, including water, ions, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. It then describes the main organelles found in animal cells, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes and peroxisomes. It explains the functions of these organelles and how they work together to keep the cell alive.
Golgi-appratus - Krebs Cycle.pptx
1. The Golgi apparatus transports and processes newly synthesized proteins and lipids in eukaryotic cells. It is an intracellular organelle that is the first step in transporting proteins synthesized in the rough ER to other parts of the cell.
2. The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that controls all cell activities and contains the cell's genetic material. It has a double membrane, contains DNA and RNA, and directs the synthesis of proteins via transcription and translation.
3. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells produce energy in the form of ATP by oxidizing glucose and other fuels in the presence of oxygen. It takes place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria and has two phases - anaer
Cell biology
This document provides an overview of cell biology. It begins with an outline of topics covered, including cell structure and organelles, molecular components, properties of cells, and molecule transportation. Key points include: cells being the fundamental unit of life; the discovery of cells by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek and nuclei by Robert Brown; and the cell theory developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow. The document then discusses the structures and components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It provides details on various cell organelles and their functions, as well as biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides. Finally, it covers topics such as metabolism, enzymes, and enzyme classification
Introduction to Biochemistry
This document provides an introduction to biochemistry and the structure and function of cells. It discusses the organelles found in plant and animal cells including the plasma membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, microtubules, and microfilaments. It also describes the differences between plant and animal cells and provides an overview of metabolism, including catabolism and anabolism. The goal of biochemistry is to understand how molecules interact to maintain life at the cellular level.
Cell Biology Summary Notes with Somaliland Form 4 Biology Past Exam Practices...
Cell biology, cell structure and functions, summary notes with Form four Somaliland National Biology Exam Practices with Answer Keys.
Author- Ahmed Omaar
Macalin Axmed Omaar
Somaliland biology teachers
Ombiology books
Cell
The document summarizes key components and functions of eukaryotic cells. It describes the cell membrane as composed of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates that act as a selective barrier. It also discusses several intracellular organelles - the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, ribosomes, lysosomes - and their roles in processes like protein synthesis, energy production, metabolism, and waste digestion. The plasma membrane, organelles, and their specialized functions allow cells to carry out life's processes.
Similar to ( Cellular physiology ) (20)
Cell Biology Summary Notes with Somaliland Form 4 Biology Past Exam Practices...
Cell Biology Summary Notes with Somaliland Form 4 Biology Past Exam Practices...
Recently uploaded
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
DRUGS AND ITS classification slide share
Any substance (other than food) that is used to prevent, diagnose, treat, or relieve symptoms of a
disease or abnormal condition
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit
Digital Artifact 1 - 10VCD Environments Unit - NGV Pavilion Concept Design
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Recently uploaded (20)
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
( Cellular physiology )
- 1. The Cell and Its Functions ( Cellular Physiology ) - Organization of the cell Cell membrane Cytoplasm Organelles - Principle organelles include endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lyso-Somes Peroxisomes secretory vesicles Mitochondria centrioles - Nucleus contain - nuclear membrane - nucleoplasm - nuleolus - DNA In the cell, there are two major parts are -The nucleus Separated from the cytoplasm by a nuclear membrane -The cytoplasm Separated from the surrounding fluids by a cell membrane
- 2. - Protoplasm A substance that makes up the cell - It's composed of five substances 1. Water - 70 - 80 % of most cells - Function serves as solvent essential for many metabolic reactions - Electrolytes atoms or molecules with unequal numbers of electrons and protons Involves in chemical reactions 2. Electrolytes - definition important ions that present in the cell - Function Provide inorganic chemicals for cellular reactions They are necessary for operation of some of the cellular mechanisms - example of essential electrolyte potassium (K+), magnesium (Mg), phosphate (Po4-3), sulfate (S), bicarbonate (CHO3-), sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), and calcium (Ca) - quantities of essential electrolytes ( as low or high ) Large quantities of K+, Mg, Po4-3, S, CHO3Small quantities of Na, Cl, Ca 3. Proteins - definition abundant substances in most cells - percentage - 10 - 20 % of the cell mass
- 3. - types with example and their function - structure proteins part of the cell structure - like those in cell membrane - globular (functional) proteins Enzymes - Catalysts - Bind temporarily to one or more of the reactions - Lower amount of activation Thus, speed up reactions 4. Lipids - percentage - 2 % of the cell mass - Solubility - lipids are mainly insoluble in water - Function long - term energy storage - Types phospholipids and cholestriol triglycerides (neutral fat) - Structure messangers hormones play roles in communication 5. Carbohydrates - percentage - 1 % of the cell mass - except muscle cell - 3% liver cell - 6%
- 4. - Function - nutrition of cell - little structural function - Common forms of carbohydrate In form of dissolved glucose Stored in the form of glycogen - Insoluble polymer of glucose Can be depolymerized - Membranous Structures of the Cell - Membranes include Cell membrane Nuclear membrane Membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum Membrane of the Golgi apparatus Membrane of the mitochondria Membrane of the lysosomes / peroxisomes - membrane consists of Lipids Proteins - general functions of membrane The lipids of the membranes provide barriers Prevent movement water soluble substances Protein molecules in membrane often penetrate through the membrane