Cells and Tissue
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This document provides an overview of cell structure and organization from the cellular level up to organ systems. It discusses the key components of cells, including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, organelles, and their functions. Membranous organelles like mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum create protected compartments within cells. The document also references diagrams and figures illustrating these various structures.
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Cells and Tissue
- 1. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings About this Chapter: Cell and Tissue • Cell structure and types • Cell differentiation • Compartmentalization • Mechanical properties and cell functions • Cell junctions • Tissue types and characteristics For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 2. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Overview: Cells to Organ Systems Figure 3-4a-c: Anatomy Summary: Levels of Organization—System to Cell For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 3. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Overview: Cells to Organ Systems Figure 3-4d, e: Anatomy Summary: Levels of Organization—System to CellFor more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 4. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Barrier from • Outside • ECF • Cell gateway • Cell structure • Phospholipid bilayer Cell Membrane For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 5. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Cell Membrane Figure 3-5: The cell membraneFor more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 6. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Cytosol • Organelles • Inclusion • Dissolved • Insoluble Cell Cytoplasm Figure 3-3: A map for the study of cell structure For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 7. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Ribosomes • Free • Fixed • Protein synthesis • Vaults Nonmenbranous Organelles For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 8. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Nonmenbranous Organelles Figure 3-6: Ribosomes are nonmembranous organelles composed of RNA and protein For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 9. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Strength • Support • Shape • Transport • Cell to cell links • Protein fibers • Microfilaments • Intermediate • Microtubules Cytoskeleton For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 10. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Cytoskeleton Figure 3-7: The cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic protein fibers For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 11. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Centrosomes organize microtubules • Centrioles: bundles of microtubules • Pull chromosomes, form core in cilia Centrosomes and Centrioles Figure 3-8a,c: Centrioles, cilia, and flagella For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 12. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Motor proteins • 2:9 microtubule pattern • Cilia move fluids • Flagella move sperm cell Cilia and Flagella Figure 3-8c, d: Centrioles, cilia, and flagella For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 13. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Internal lumen and membranes for protected reactions • Mitochondria: Generates cell energy (ATP) , have DNA Membranous Organelles: Create cell compartments Figure 3-9: Mitochondria For more Visit www.dentaltutor.in
- 14. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin CummingsCopyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings • Smooth ER: Lipid synthesis & conversion • Rough ER: Ribosomes, protein assembly & transport vesicles Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) ad Ribosomes Figure 3-10: The endoplasmic reticulumFor more Visit www.dentaltutor.in