Cat scratch disease is caused by Bartonella bacteria transmitted through contact with cats. It causes swollen lymph nodes near the scratch or bite and can sometimes lead to fever or fatigue. While usually mild and self-limiting, it can occasionally cause more severe complications in young children or immunocompromised individuals such as encephalitis or disseminated disease. Diagnosis is through serology or PCR and treatment with antibiotics may help in severe cases.
The lecture gives concise review about the main four groups of viruses causing hemorrhagic fever i.e. Flavivirues, Filoviruses, Arenaviruses and Bunyaviruses.
The lecture gives concise review about the main four groups of viruses causing hemorrhagic fever i.e. Flavivirues, Filoviruses, Arenaviruses and Bunyaviruses.
Non-typhoidal Salmonellosis, is one of the most common and widely distributed foodborne diseases, with tens of millions of human cases occurring worldwide every year.
In the United States, the incidence of NTS infection has doubled in the past 2 decades.
In 2009 there were 14 million cases of NTS.
Shigellosis = inflammation of intestines (especially the colon) with accompanying severe abdominal cramps, tenesmus and frequent, low-volume stools containing blood, mucus and fecal leukocytes.
Meningococci are a type of bacteria that cause serious infections. The most common infection is meningitis, which is an inflammation of the thin tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Meningococci can also cause other problems, including a serious bloodstream infection called sepsis. In its early stages, you may have flu-like symptoms and a stiff neck. But the disease can progress quickly and can be fatal. Early diagnosis and treatment are extremely important. Lab tests on your blood and cerebrospinal fluid can tell if you have it. Treatment is with antibiotics. Since the infection spreads from person to person, family members may also need to be treated.
A vaccine can prevent meningococcal infections.
Tetanus, Lock Jaw, Opisthotonus, Tetanus Immunoglobulins, Immunization, Cephalic Tetanus. A much feared topic among residents explained in a simple way.
Non-typhoidal Salmonellosis, is one of the most common and widely distributed foodborne diseases, with tens of millions of human cases occurring worldwide every year.
In the United States, the incidence of NTS infection has doubled in the past 2 decades.
In 2009 there were 14 million cases of NTS.
Shigellosis = inflammation of intestines (especially the colon) with accompanying severe abdominal cramps, tenesmus and frequent, low-volume stools containing blood, mucus and fecal leukocytes.
Meningococci are a type of bacteria that cause serious infections. The most common infection is meningitis, which is an inflammation of the thin tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Meningococci can also cause other problems, including a serious bloodstream infection called sepsis. In its early stages, you may have flu-like symptoms and a stiff neck. But the disease can progress quickly and can be fatal. Early diagnosis and treatment are extremely important. Lab tests on your blood and cerebrospinal fluid can tell if you have it. Treatment is with antibiotics. Since the infection spreads from person to person, family members may also need to be treated.
A vaccine can prevent meningococcal infections.
Tetanus, Lock Jaw, Opisthotonus, Tetanus Immunoglobulins, Immunization, Cephalic Tetanus. A much feared topic among residents explained in a simple way.
Systemic cat scratch disease mimicking lymphoma in a patient with Crohn’s dis...wuefab
"Systemic cat scratch disease mimicking lymphoma in a patient with Crohn’s disease" has been presented at the "Case Report Session" of the XXVIIth Belgian Week of Gastroenterology on the 27th february 2015.
The case report has been publicated in the Acta Gastroenterologica Belgica:
F. Wuestenberghs, J. Depaus, G. Mavrogenis, A. Sibille & P. Warzée. Systemic cat scratch disease mimicking lymphoma in a patient with Crohn’s disease (Abstract C01). Acta gastroenterol. belg., 2015 ; 78 (1) : 112.
Modelling tick densities using VGI and machine learning (2016)Irene Garcia-Marti
Slides used during the guest lecture in the KIT & ITC course on "Using Geographic Information Systems in disease control programs". Link: https://www.kit.nl/health/training/using-geographic-information-systems-disease-control-programs-gis/
The presentation gives an idea about Bartonellosis as a zoonotic pathogen and its details to create an awareness among the professionals and interested communities.
Slides used in a session during the MOOC course on "Geohealth: Improving Public Health through Geographic Information" organized by the University of Twente. Link: https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/geohealth
Erysipelas is an infectious disease mostly of growing or adult swine.
The disease may be acute, subacute, or chronic.
Although acute septicemic swine erysipelas can result in a high mortality rate, the greatest economic loss probably occurs from the chronic, nonfatal forms of the disease.
It may be clinically inapparent, may cause
acute illness
involving many animals, Sudden and unexpected deaths
chronic disease characterized by
enlarged joints, lameness, and endocarditis.
Rhomboid skin (diamond-skin) lesions are an inconsistent feature only associated with acute cases
Toxoplasmosis is considered one of the neglected parasitic infections of the United States, a group of five parasitic diseases that have been targeted by CDC for public health action.Q fever is a disease caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii. This bacteria naturally infects some animals, such as goats, sheep, and cattle. C. burnetii bacteria are found in the birth products (i.e. placenta, amniotic fluid), urine, feces, and milk of infected animals.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
7. About Disease
Cat scratch disease
is a disease caused
by bartonella
bacteria. It is
believed to be
transmitted by cat
scratches and bites,
or exposure to cat
saliva.
9. MORPHOLOGY
B. henselae is a small Gram negative bacillus measuring
2.0-2.5 X 0.5-0.6µ.
Like other Bartonella species, it can grow on chocolate
agar or Columbia agar supplemented with 5% sheep or
rabbit blood.
B. henselae produces 2 morphological types of
colonies:
1. Irregular, raised,rough, dry white cauliflower-like
colonies.
2. Small, circular, tan & moist, tending to pit the agar
and adhere to the agar after 5-15 days of incubation at
35-37°C in the presence of 5% CO 2 .
10. Presence of B. henselae )
arrow) within naturally
infected cat erythrocytes,
as seen by confocal
microscopy.
Natural History of
Bartonella Infections (an
Exception to Koch’s
Postulate) CVI, 2002
12. History
1950: Clinical syndrome described
1889: Similar disease reported
1983: Bacterial cause described
Gram negative bacillus
Found in lymph nodes of patients
1988: Organism successfully
isolated and cultured
13. History
1991: CSD bacillus named Afipia felis
1992: Rochalimaea henselae isolated
Patients with bacillary angiomatosis
Refuted role of A. felis in CSD
1993: Genera Rochalimaea
and Bartonella united
B. henselae currently recognized
as causative agent of CSD
16. Geographic Distribution
Worldwide
B. henselae type I
Eastern U.S.
Asia
B. henselae type II
Europe
Temperate climates
Seasonal variation
Peak August to October (North)
22. Symptoms
Bump (papule) or blister (pustule) at
site of injury (usually the first sign
occurs 3-10 days after infected)
Fatigue
Fever (in some patients)
Headache
Lymph node swelling near the scratch
or bite (occurs 1 to 4 weeks after
infected)
Overall discomfort (malaise)
Less common symptoms:
Draining lymph nodes'
Enlarged spleen
Loss of appetite
Sore throat
Weight loss
24. Worst Case Scenario
It is usually worse with
those who have weaker
immune systems and those
with AIDS. Also with
younger children symptoms
can be worse. Causing
bigger bumps, lymph nodes
to swell bigger, wider
spread of lesions, and
sometimes bumps can
appear on eyes (Parinaud
oculoglandular syndrome).
Plus an inflammation of the
brain can occur causing
seizures. In any of these
cases it is recommended to
take antibiotics.
25.
26. PATHOGENESIS
Endothelial Cell Invasion and
Colonization:
Human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs)
Bacterial adhesion and invasion
Actin-dependant mechanisms
Intracellular membrane-bound compartments
B. henselaeinfection leads to:
Secretion of vascularproliferative compounds
Inhibition of host cell apoptosis
Host cell proliferation
27. Morbidity and Mortality
Humans
22,000 to 24,000 annual cases in U.S.
3 to 6% of general
population seropositive
Higher in veterinarians
Most cases in children
Most infections self-limiting
Death is rare
28. Morbidity and Mortality
Seroprevalence in cats
14 to 55% in U.S.
40 to 70% in warm, humid climates
30% of captive wild felids
Higher in feral cats vs. pets
No reported morbidity or mortality
31. Species Affected
Cats, felids are
reservoir hosts
Experimental infection
Dog
Armadillo
Mice
32. Feline Infections
Erythrocytes
Firm bacterial adhesion
Internalization
Membrane-bound compartments
Bacteria replicate within erythrocytes
Circulate in the bloodstream (weeks to months)
Long-lasting intraerythrocytic infection
Specific adaption to the mode of
transmission
33. Disease in Other Animals
Experimental infections
Dogs
No bacteremia
Rodents
Asymptomatic
Granulomatous hepatitis
Non-human primates
Asymptomatic
Fever
Subcutaneous skin lesions at inoculation site
34. Post Mortem Lesions
Lymphadenomegaly
Multiple histopathologic lesions
Blood-filled cysts and cavities
in the liver Peliosis hepatitis
Granulomatous hepatitis
38. Disinfection
Susceptibility of B. henselae not
specifically known
Closely related organism B. bacilliformis
Susceptible to:
70% ethanol
1% sodium hypochlorite
2% formaldehyde
