THIS PPT CONTAINS DATA COLLECTION AND CASE-STUDIES OF APARTMENTS FOR DESIGNING OF APARTMENT AS A PART OF ACADEMICS.

1. GROUP MEMBERS:
*LAKSHMI Ravi Chandu
*Ananya
*Anwar
*Sri Lakshmi
*Vijitha
*Nikhil

2. *

3. *
*OFFSETS
*No setbacks are needed from the edges of cluster as pedestrian/vehicular
access roads surrounding the cluster.
*OCCUPANCY
*The project is to design an low rise Apartment which comes under group A1
occupancy.
*COVERAGE AND F.A.R
*The maximum percentage of coverage permissible for each occupancy shall
limit the maximum area at any floor of a building. The floor area ratio value
shall limit the maximum buildable total floor area. Floor area ratio ie, F.A.R.
shall be calculated as shown below:
*F.A.R= Total floor area on the floors
Plot area

4. *
*The maximum permissible F.A.R. for a residential building is 3 without
an additional fee and 4 with an additional fee. The maximum
permissible coverage (percentage plot area) is 65%.
*HEIGHT OF THE BUILDING
*Maximum height of the building or part shall not exceed 1.5 times the
width of the street abutting the plot plus 1.5 times the front yard.
This height may be further increased proportionately at 3m for every
1m by which the floor of the building is setback from the building line

5. *
S l. No. Type of Building Single units Multiple Units
1 Single storey No minimum 120 cm
2 Two storey 90 cm 200 cm
3 Three storey 120 cm 360 cm
4 Above three storey 360 cm 500 cm
•ACCESS

6. *
S l
No.
Occupancy
Carpet Area per
flat (m2)
One parking space
for every or
fraction of
1
Residential
Apartment
Upto 100 8 units
101 – 150 4 units
151 – 200 2 units
Exceeding 200 Single unit
DIMENSIONS OF A STANDARD CAR
AND TURNING RADIUS

7. *
TYPE OF
VEHICLE
LENGTH
(m)
WIDTH
(m)
HEIGHT
(m)
TURNING CIRCLE
RADIUS (m)
Motor cycle 2.20 0.70 1.00 1.00
Car
Standard
Small
Large
4.70
3.60
5.00
1.75
1.60
1.90
1.50
1.50
1.50
5.75
5.00
6.00
CAR TURNING

8. TYPE OF VEHICLE LENGTH
(m)
WIDTH
(m)
HEIGHT
(m)
TURNING
CIRCLE
RADIUS (m)
Motor cycle 2.20 0.70 1.00 1.00
Car
Standard
Small
Large
4.70
3.60
5.00
1.75
1.60
1.90
1.50
1.50
1.50
5.75
5.00
6.00

9. PARKING SPACE ARRANGEMENT
00- Parallel to road - Entry and exit to the parking bay is difficult
Suitable for narrow roads
300- Angle to access road - Easy entry to the bay and exit
Usage of large space
450- Angle to access road - Good entry to parking bay and exit
Relatively small area parking space
600- Angle to access road - Relatively good entry and exit to parking
Small area parking space
Right angle to road - Sharp turn needed for every entry and exit
(parking space 2.50m wide)
Right angle to road -Small area needed/parking space
(parking space 2.30m wide) Ideal for compact parking layout

10. *
* Provision and protection of exits, corridors, and stairs
* Fire detector and alarm systems Sprinkler systems
* Materials and finishes with low flame spread rating and
Nontoxic combustion characteristics
RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCY
*Buildings more than 15m high and floor area
more than 500 sq m shall have two stair
cases (enclosed), one on the external wall
open directly to the exterior.
*Exit width: 100cm minimum;
*Exit height: 210cm min Corridor width: Not
less than the aggregate required width of
exit doorways Emergency exits should be
located in such a way that it
shall not exceed 30 m.
Ref: KMBR

11. *
•A fire extinguisher is a device
to put out fires, often in an
emergency situation. They
consist of a pressurized
container of chemicals that
when discharged can put out
a fire.
•They are portable

12. *
*A minimum of 70 to 100 liters per head per day may be
considered adequate for domestic needs of urban
communities, apart from non domestic needs like flushing
requirements

13. *
* FIXTURES FOR WATER SUPPLY
The details of water supply and sanitary fixtures required for every apartment unit
* Kitchen - one tap for sink
* Dining - one tap for wash basin
* Toilet - one ablution tap
* Work area - one tap
*SOURCE OF SUPPLY
Before planning the water supply system source(s) of water supply should be identified and
established. The source of supply may be any one or more of the following
* Municipal filtered water supply from main running near the premises.
* Sub-soil sources such as open well and tube well
* Surface such as lakes, rivers or canals.

14. Group A1
Floor Area Ratio = Total Floor Area on All Floors
Plot Area
Building Use/
Occupancy
Maximum Permissible
coverage(%)
Maximum permissible
FAR without additional
fee
Maximum permissible
FAR with additional fee
Residential 65 3 4
Ref: KMBR

15. *Parts to be included in calculating floor area
•All total floor area including basement
•Area of penthouse at terrace floor level
•Internal sanitary shaft, air conditioning duct and lift
*Clearance from overhead electric lines
•Minimum vertical clearance 2.4 m
•Minimum horizontal in metres 1.2 m

16. *
*Height of the room :- Not less the 3 metres
If Air conditioned not less than 2.4 metres
*Bath room :- Area not less than 1.5 sq. metres. Either side not less
than 1.1 sq.m
*Corridor and passageways: Clear width not less than 1.0 metre.
*Staircases:- Building having more than
4 floors (including the basement or sunk) shall have
at least 2 staircases

17. *
Every building exceeding 4 storeys (excluding sunken floors)
having plinth area more than 2500 sq. metres shall be provided
with one liftfor every 2500 sq. metres or part thereof exceeding
first 2500 sq. metres, in addition tothe required number of
staircases as per rule 39.
 Whenever more than one lift is required as per sub rule(1) or
byelaws made under the Act, at least one lift shall be a higher
capacity lift that can carry a stretcher

18. *
*Every room shall be furnished with sufficient number of openings such as
windows and ventilators affording effectual means of admission of light and
air by direct communication with the external air or shall be sufficiently
lighted and ventilated by artificial means.
* No portion of a room shall be assumed to be lighted if it is more than 7.5
metres away from the opening assumed for lighting that portion unless it is
artificially lighted.
* Windows and ventilators which open into a verandah shall be deemed to
communicate with the external air. Trellising, mesh, grill or net may,
however, be provided on the open side of the verandah.
*Every kitchen shall have suitable flue for the escape of smoke and heated air
unless it is provided with an approved form of smokeless installation.
*Every bathroom or latrine shall be provided with sufficient light and
ventilation. Every bathroom or latrine shall have at least one of its walls
abutting on an open space or open verandah or an air shaft if not centrally
air conditioned.

19. *
*Any residential apartment having more than 12 dwelling units in a single
plot or single building, shall be provided with a recreation space of
suitable size.
*The recreation space shall have not less than 7.5 per cent of the total
carpet area of all the units taken together and may be provided either
inside a building or outside a building or both and if it is provided outside
a building it shall be exclusive of parking areas, drive ways and other
utility areas.
*Spaces like swimming pool, recreation hall or health club shall also be
considered as recreation space for this purpose.
*The recreation space may be provided as a single unit or as different
units.

20. *

21. *
*Process by which rain water is captured and stored, either above
ground or is recharged underground for later use.
*Various stages of rain water harvesting system:
*transporting rainwater through pipes or drains
*Filtration
*and storage in tanks for reuse or recharge.

22. *

23. *

24. *
*A recharge pit is 1.5m to 3m wide and 2m to 3m
deep.
*The excavated pit is lined with a brick/stone wall
with openings (weep-holes) at regular intervals.
*The top area of the pit can be covered with a
perforated cover.

25. *
•Used to remove silt and impurities from rainwater.
•Has provisions for inflow, outflow and overflow.
•Has an unpaved bottom surface to allow standing water to
percolate into the soil.

26. *
•Dimensions - 60 x 60 x 60 cm pits
• designed on the basis of expected runoff as described for
settlement tanks
• filled with pebbles or brick jelly and river sand, covered with
perforated concrete slabs

27. *
•A continuous trench excavated in the ground and refilled with
porous media like pebbles, boulders or broken bricks.
•Dimensions 0.5 m to 1 m wide and 1 m to 1.5 m deep.
•The length of the recharge trench is decided as per the amount of
runoff expected.

28. *
SHAPE: Cylindrical, rectangular and square.
MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION: Reinforced cement
concrete, (RCC), Ferro cement, masonry, plastic
(polyethylene) or metal (galvanized iron) sheets are
commonly used.
POSITION OF TANK: Depending on space availability
these tanks could be constructed above ground, partly
underground or fully underground. Some maintenance
measures like cleaning and disinfection are required to
ensure the quality of water stored in the container

29. *

30. *
HABITAT 825 APARTMENTS

31. *
*LOCATION: 825 north kings road, west
hollywood,los angels.
*ARCHITECT: o herlihy
*PROJECT AREA:4924 sqm.
*NUMBER OF FLOORS:4
*NUMBER OF UNITS PER FLOOR:4
*CLIENT:Richard loring
*YEAR OF COMPLETION:
*AWARDS:

32. FIRST FLOOR/SITE PLAN

34.  Massed into two L-shaped buildings that surround a common
courtyard, HABITAT 825 is a modern distinctive apartment complex
in los angeles.
 the 19-apartment complex was designed to facilitate outdoor
gathering among its residents.
 Two entrances into the
courtyard from the street
another facing the
schindler house.
 one from the street, and another that faces the Schindler house
provide excellent circulation for both people and air.

35.  A sub-grade parking deck takes care of cars
and storage.
 Access to each apartment is gained through the central courtyard, which
eliminates the need for climate-controlled corridors. This also encourages
communication and chance meetings between the residents.
 The complex is set back slightly from the front sidewalk, leaving public open
space and a well-defined entrance.

36.  Two intersecting L-shaped blocks rise 11 m (36 ft.) from an inner courtyard excavated
2 m (6.5 ft.) below ground.
 The timber-frame, steel-reinforced structure is set back from the street behind a
landscaped forecourt.
 The taller south block, pulled away from its companion to create a view from the
courtyard to the street.
 Reduction from the max allowable
Building volume allows for visual
transparency and physical
circulation.
 In addition light and landscaping
weaves throughout the building
 In an effort to extend the street
Into the building, the front yard
cuts into the buildingto promote
 A semi public zone between the
building and the street.
 The building is partially concealed
From neighbour’s garden by a screen
Of bamboo.
Bamboo screens

37. LIGHTING AND VENTILATION
 Light wells allow sunlight to filter down to each apartment, especially the first floor. All the
units have windows on both sides, allowing for ample daylight as well as cross ventilation.
 To avoid casting shadows onto the adjacent property ,the building was reduced to two
stories on the north side adjacent to the schindler house. In addition the form in plan bends
inwards away from the house to allow more breathing room and to draw attention
towards the central open space.

38. CLIMATOLOGICAL ASPECTS
 The choice of black on the southern exposure was made as an architectural proclamation,
but could potentially have some benefit with regards to solar passive design. The lime
green walls were a nod to nature, while the white is used to help bounce light down to
the lower units.
 Local managed forests produced the redwood siding, and a rainscreen helps minimize the
need for repair on the complex. The rainscreen will also help cool the building by allowing
air movement between the cladding and the building.
 The cladding materials are set 5 cm (2 in) from the waterproofed wall to allow rain to
run off without rotting the boards.
 A green roof system is
Used in order for the building
And also helps lower the
temperature around the
building
Green roof
Rain screen

39. AESTHETICAL ASPECTS
 The lively collage of colours and materials, varied
fenestration, and a cut-out void on the north side give the
building its distinctive character.
Bold exterior colour scheme
With lime green,white and black.

40. DESIGN CONCEPT
The main idea was to ease the strict divisions between a
buildings public and private zones
Habitat 825 draws inspiration from Schindler in developing
new forms of contemporary lifestyle through the use of light,
materials, colour, and common open space.
This site presented an opportunity to address the critical issues
of density, site, and the cultural and social negotiations
implicit in building adjacent to significant structure.
Attempting to “kick down the bamboo wall”, Habitat 825 and
its expansive use of common open space creates an urban
space without borders or property lines. Ding up to broad
galleries.

41. O'Herlihy and his team managed to place all the building's circulation in the courtyard. Residents
reach their units via extra-wide walkways, which are sized to accommodate outdoor furniture
and informal social gatherings. “We wanted to encourage people to deal with the public/private
realm,” O'Herlihy explains. “They have to engage each other. It changes the equation a little bit.”
O'Herlihy and Loring, who doubled as the general contractor, could have filled in the courtyard
with more units. If they had, though, residents' access to natural light, fresh air, and casual social
interaction would have suffered. The individual condos benefit from the same high-minded
approach; each balcony and terrace offers a generous amount of square footage that doesn't
count toward the “official” unit size.
To keep Habitat 825 from casting shadows on the Kings Road House, the architects limited the
height of its north portion to 30 feet, rather than the permitted 45 feet. Additionally, they cut a
substantial void into that side of the building and angled the remaining walls away from the lot
line, creating a bit of breathing room between the two properties. While these strategies defer
to Schindler's building, Habitat 825 also maintains its own distinct identity. The judges enjoyed
its bold exterior color scheme of lime green, white, and black. “It's a fun façade,” said one. “I like
the playfulness.”
The architect of ra’s 2009 Project of the Year, Lorcan O’Herlihy, FAIA, photographed at his
winning project, Habitat 825 in West Hollywood, Calif.
The quality that impressed them most, though, was O'Herlihy's willingness to address crucial
matters of density, privacy, and public space in multifamily housing. “These are great residences
from a community point of view,” observed one. “This project solves some really tough
problems.”

42. Exquisite, designer decorated 2 bedroom + 2 bathroom West Hollywood condo located in the
award-winning Lorcan O'Herlihy Architects building on Kings Road next to the renowned
Schindler House. This highly desirable rear unit in a small complex with low HOA's boasts lots
of light and an open floor plan. Features of the pristine unit include a private patio, Lauzon
Maple hardwood floors, huge Boffi kitchen with Miele & Sub Zero appliances and custom
island/bar, washer and dryer in unit, gorgeous baths, large windows, customized closets,
sound system and elegant lighting. The complex features security cameras, extra storage,
Direct TV or Cable, side by side parking and pet friendly. $765,000
Amazing 3+3+loft home in award-winning Lorcan O'Herlihy designed building. Soaring
ceilings, custom wood floors, Boffi Kitchen, Miele appliances, gleaming marble counters,
custom light fixtures, massive windows, beautiful light and an elegant entry from the serene
courtyard make this home a very special place. Open plan downstairs with 1 bedroom+full
bath down, PLUS

64. *

66. PROJECT DETAILS:
DESIGNED BY: DE EARTH ARCHITECTS
LOCATION
•The building is located Behind
Exclusive Club, O.P. Raman Road,
Civil Station, Kozhikode, Kerala.
•There is a bus stop about 1.5 km
away from the building.
•The building is located on a road
about 5m wide.

67. *
Springs is the third project incorporated by De Earth
architects, Calicut, A three-storeyed building.
Ground + two floors.
8 Blocks
Ground floor: 2 units, 1and2 floors: 3units per floor.
2and3 BHK spacious apartments with parking and
common facilities.
Quality construction with pile foundations, RCC
structure and superior finishes & fixtures.

68. *

69. TYPICAL GROUND FLOOR PLAN

70. TYPICAL FIRST FLOOR PLAN

71. APARTMENT A1 FLOOR PLAN

72. APARTMENT B FLOOR PLAN

73. APARTMENT A2 FLOOR PLAN

74. APARTMENT C FLOOR PLAN

75. Each floor has just three units(only ground has
2units) – one double bedroom unit, two triple
bedroom unit with study units- making for a
small intimate neighbourhood to live in.
Individual spaces and ventilation is designed
with common amenities.

76. WATER SUPPLY
•Rainwater, bore-well and corporation water
connection are the sources of water for the building
•The building has a filtration tank that filters out
drinking water
•The water is pumped into an overhead tank
FIRE SAFETY
•There are fire extinguishers in every floor
•There are two staircases on either ends of the
buildings out of which one can be used as a
fire escape stair.

77. ELECTRICITY SERVICE
*There is a separate electrical room
behind the caretakers room,
located in the basement itself
VERTICAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
*There are two stairways
*Stairway is 1.5m wide. It has 15cm risers and 30cm
treads
*Finished with matte vitrified tiles the staircase
*is efficient and very appealing
*There is an elevator very close to the staircase.
*The lift room is 200cmx 150cm

78. CIRCULATION
•The building has a circulation on
north side.
PARKING
There are 8 parking units provided
Each parking unit is 5m x 3.0m
8 parking units are provided in the
ground floor with 3 parking spaces in
the front.

79. LIGHTING AND VENTILATION
•The building has a good number of openings
in the form of normal windows and windows
that open out to balconies
•Almost all the toilets open up to airshafts
•There is a small central courtyard.
•The kitchen too opens out to a balcony

80. AREA ANALYSIS:
Living Room
•The living rooms of the two bedroom
house is 2.6mx 3m whereas that of the
three bedroom house is 3.8mx 3m
•The rooms in both cases are well lit
with the help of windows
Dining Area
•dining area provided in both 2
bedroom and 3 bedroom houses
•Dining in 2 bedroom house – 3.20mx
1.50m;
•Kitchen
•The kitchen is very compact and well
lit.
•It opens out to a balcony

81. Bedroom
•Bedrooms are optimum in size.
•They are well lit and are furnished with a cupboard
•In the two bedroom houses both bedroom are attached to a toilet
whereas in a three bedroom house one of the toilets is shared
Toilets
•Toilets are compact in size
•However the wet and the dry areas are not separated
•Two bedroom house- 2.2mx 1.5m
•Three bedroom house- 2.9mx 1.5m
Balconies
•Balconies are present on the sides and the side of the building
•Kitchens to the balconies as earlier mentioned
•Balconies are common in size-1.2mx 1.9m

82. 7.8
27.52
8.76
13.76
6
5.67
TWO BEDROOM
LIVING
BEDROOM
TOILET+DRES
SING
DINING
KITCHEN
BALCONYTotal Carpet Area: 75 sq.
m.
MERITS:
•The rooms are very compact
and optimum circulation area
is given
•Ample Amount of light enters
from the northern
façade which is partially open
DEMERITS
•There is no Fire Escape
Stair
•Toilets open out to air
shafts rather than outside
•Dry Areas And Wet Areas
in the toilet are not
separated

84. *
*Location : The site is located in the NITC campus near the Spring Valley.
*Site Area: The site is rectangular in shape and is 65m long by 40m wide. The total
site area is therefore 2600sq. m.
Site Location
N

85. Topography
* The site has a hard laterite base. Only
shallow foundations will be necessary
for a g+3 building in the terrain. An
estimated depth of 2.8 meters will be
the required foundation depth. The
site also has laterite rock protruding
out at many places. This can be used
as a landscape feature.
Hydrology
* The water table level is very
low. The water table level was found
out to be around 250 feet below the
ground level. However there is a bore
well 60m towards the southwest. This
can be used a source for water.
* The water infiltration is
very low due to the hard laterite base.
Hence the water run-off will be very
high. The site has a natural gradient
that drains excess water mostly
towards the direction of the valley
Climate
•Temperature : 27˚C TO 36˚C
•Relative Humidity-45 TO 90%
•Heavy rainfall
•Wind Direction is from the south-west
to north-east direction

86. N
40m
65m
Vegetation
There is dense vegetation on
the eastern side of the site. The vegetation
on site is very sparse, consisting mainly of
bushes and wild grass. The vegetation on
the east affects the microclimate of the
site.
The hills visible from the site
on the western and southern sides are
densely vegetated. Therefore there are
some very good views towards this side.
Balconies and terraces can be oriented
towards this side of the site

87. Traffic and Transit
*Site is 400m away from the main road,
hence it is easily accessible
*The site is 1500m away from the NITC
academic campus
*The bus stop at 12th mile and one outside
the campus is easily accessible
*Bank and other amenities are easily
accessible
*There is a staff recreation club and a
swimming pool near the site
Views
*The site offers some very good views
towards the western and southern
direction.
*A clear view of the sunset is available on
the western side
*This can be taken advantage of by
placing balconies on the western facade
of the building

88. *