I will describe those things in this PPT
Introduction
Principles of air-conditioning,
Type of-of air-conditioning,
Cooling cycle / refrigeration cycle,
The coolant,
thanks
This a HVAC presentation for Air Conditioning systems giving a description of the systems and their types including the case study in Calicut city, It also includes bylaws required for air conditioning design
I will describe those things in this PPT
Introduction
Principles of air-conditioning,
Type of-of air-conditioning,
Cooling cycle / refrigeration cycle,
The coolant,
thanks
This a HVAC presentation for Air Conditioning systems giving a description of the systems and their types including the case study in Calicut city, It also includes bylaws required for air conditioning design
Fundamentals of HVAC Systems is a thorough introduction on how HVAC systems control temperature, air quality and air circulation in a conditioned space.
Ideal for recent engineering graduates working in the HVAC&R industry, experienced engineers entering HVAC&R from another engineering area, as well as architects, technicians, construction or building management professionals who need to increase their knowledge of HVAC systems.
This course reader can function as a stand-alone reference, or may accompany the eLearning course, Fundamentals of HVAC Systems, online modules.
What is meant by “Airconditioning”?
Human Comfort
Why do we need A.C.?
Advantages and Disadvantage of A.C.
Ideal room temperature
some terminology-
Dry-bulb temperature
Wet-bulb temperature:
Dew point
Latent heat
Absolute humidity
Relative humidity
Specific humidity
Sensible heat
Evaporating Cooling
Condensation
Enthalpy
Entropy
7. Classification of air conditioners
8. Windows AC- advantages
Parts of the Window Air Conditioners
Working
The refrigeration system,
Air circulation system-room air cycle and
The hot air cycle.
Ventilation system,
Control system,
electrical protection system.
9.Split or Ductless AC-
Advantages, parts indoor and outdoor,
Types-
Wall mounted
Floor mounted/Tower AC
Ceiling mounted/Cassette AC
Multi Split ACs
10. Central Air Conditioning System
Advantages and disadvantages
11. Key differences between "Window", "Split" and a "cassette" air conditioners.
12. Cooling capacity
13. Energy Efficiency
14.Energy Consumption
15.Energy Efficiency Ratio
16.Energy Saving Methods
17.Some AC brands
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
Understanding HVAC systems is essential for its proper maintenance. Quarterly maintenance of your HVAC systems is important to extend the system’s lifespan and save hundreds of dollars on unexpected repairs. Regular maintenance of residential HVAC systems is essential when it comes not only to the proper function of boilers, furnaces, and AC units but also for better energy efficiency and in-home air quality. A properly maintained HVAC system can cut hydro costs from five to ten percent, as well as improving comfort and air quality.
For More info:
https://sierraair.ca/residential/
Fundamentals of HVAC Systems is a thorough introduction on how HVAC systems control temperature, air quality and air circulation in a conditioned space.
Ideal for recent engineering graduates working in the HVAC&R industry, experienced engineers entering HVAC&R from another engineering area, as well as architects, technicians, construction or building management professionals who need to increase their knowledge of HVAC systems.
This course reader can function as a stand-alone reference, or may accompany the eLearning course, Fundamentals of HVAC Systems, online modules.
What is meant by “Airconditioning”?
Human Comfort
Why do we need A.C.?
Advantages and Disadvantage of A.C.
Ideal room temperature
some terminology-
Dry-bulb temperature
Wet-bulb temperature:
Dew point
Latent heat
Absolute humidity
Relative humidity
Specific humidity
Sensible heat
Evaporating Cooling
Condensation
Enthalpy
Entropy
7. Classification of air conditioners
8. Windows AC- advantages
Parts of the Window Air Conditioners
Working
The refrigeration system,
Air circulation system-room air cycle and
The hot air cycle.
Ventilation system,
Control system,
electrical protection system.
9.Split or Ductless AC-
Advantages, parts indoor and outdoor,
Types-
Wall mounted
Floor mounted/Tower AC
Ceiling mounted/Cassette AC
Multi Split ACs
10. Central Air Conditioning System
Advantages and disadvantages
11. Key differences between "Window", "Split" and a "cassette" air conditioners.
12. Cooling capacity
13. Energy Efficiency
14.Energy Consumption
15.Energy Efficiency Ratio
16.Energy Saving Methods
17.Some AC brands
CADmantra Technologies Pvt. Ltd. is one of the best Cad training company in northern zone in India . which are provided many types of courses in cad field i.e AUTOCAD,SOLIDWORK,CATIA,CRE-O,Uniraphics-NX, CNC, REVIT, STAAD.Pro. And many courses
Contact: www.cadmantra.com
www.cadmantra.blogspot.com
www.cadmantra.wix.com
Understanding HVAC systems is essential for its proper maintenance. Quarterly maintenance of your HVAC systems is important to extend the system’s lifespan and save hundreds of dollars on unexpected repairs. Regular maintenance of residential HVAC systems is essential when it comes not only to the proper function of boilers, furnaces, and AC units but also for better energy efficiency and in-home air quality. A properly maintained HVAC system can cut hydro costs from five to ten percent, as well as improving comfort and air quality.
For More info:
https://sierraair.ca/residential/
Air conditioning participles, air conditioning systems, heat pumps and heat recovery devices, health considerations and AC related illnesses.
Intruder alarms and lightning protection units
This video will identify the purpose and goals of the HVAC system, describe basic HVAC parts, and explain how the parts work together to form a functional HVAC system.
For more info: https://www.shopdiyparts.com/hvac-all
Basics of Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, Various types of HVAC systems, Career opportunities and study material for learning HVACR
Introduction to hvac system, types of efficient hvac system and how it works. design recommendation for installation of hvac. air handling unit concept. case study.
Smart Cities Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting program by the Government of India with a mission to develop 100 cities (the target has been revised to 109 cities) all over the country making them citizen friendly and sustainable
Today, technology is rapidly evolving; and along with industry trends, hospital facility managers have more to manage than ever before.
Faced with increasingly complex systems, large amounts of available data, and limited human and capital resources, they need tools to organize all of this information to make their hospitals work better and smarter.
At the same time, building management systems are becoming more complex with multiple systems converging from HVAC and air quality systems, energy management systems, and fire safety and security systems.
The earth’s crust is composed of rocks. Rock is a mineral mass of a more or less uniform composition. It may consist of a single mineral (mono-mineralic) or of several minerals (poly-mineralic).
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to 30 metres (100 ft) high. It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history. Indonesia was the hardest-hit country, followed by Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand.
THIS PPT SHOWS HOW THE EARTHQUAKE WAS CAUSED AND DAMAGE DUE TO IT.
The process of selecting suitable ingredients of concrete and determining their relative amounts with the objective of producing a concrete of the required, strength, durability, and workability as economically as possible, is termed the concrete mix design.
Brick floors have a timeless sense of beauty and charm. They have a warm, inviting appeal, but installing brick floors is often a time consuming and expensive.
The six climates are normally designated as Hot and Dry, Warm and Humid, Moderate, Cold and Sunny, Cold and Cloudy and Composite. The criteria of allocating any location in India to one of the first five climate zones are that the defined conditions prevail for more than six months.
THIS PPT EXPLAINS HOW TO SHAPE SHELTERS IN WARM HUMID CLIMATE.
The six climates are normally designated as Hot and Dry, Warm and Humid, Moderate, Cold and Sunny, Cold and Cloudy and Composite. The criteria of allocating any location in India to one of the first five climate zones are that the defined conditions prevail for more than six months.
THIS PPT WAS MADE FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSE IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SUBJECT.
Masonry is the craft of shaping rough pieces of rock into accurate geometrical shapes, at times simple, but some of considerable complexity, and then arranging the resulting stones, often together with mortar, to form structures.
Building stones are naturally occurring rocks of igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic origin which are sufficiently consolidated to enable them to be cut or shaped into blocks or slabs for use as walling, paving or roofing materials in the construction of buildings and other structures.
THIS PPT WAS MADE FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSE IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION SUBJECT
THE CRYSTAL, LONDON: A SUSTAINABLE INTELLIGENT BUILDING CASESTUDY BY LAKSHMI ...Lakshmi Ravi Chandu Kolusu
PPT PRESENTATION ON A CASE STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE INTELLIGENT BUILDING AS A PART OF CURRICULUM IN INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS SUBJECT OF SEMESTER 8, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CALICUT
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
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TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
3. AIR CONDITIONING
Air conditioning is the process of altering the properties of air
to create more comfortable conditions, typically with the aim
of distributing the conditioned air to an occupied space to
improve thermal comfort and indoor air quality.
Air conditioning can refer to any form of technology that
modifies the condition of air (heating, cooling, de-
humidification, cleaning, ventilation, or air movement).
4. HUMAN COMFORT
The four atmospheric conditions which affect human comforts are
Temperature
Humidity
Air purity
Air Movements
An air conditioner controls the above factors for us to achieve human comfort.
90% of the people are comfortable when the air temperature is between 18-
22°C and the %sat is between 40-65%.
5. AIR HANDLING UNIT
An Air Handling Unit or AHU is a central air conditioner station that handles the air that,
usually, will be supplied into the buildings by the ventilation ductwork.
It is a large metal box containing a blower, heating or cooling elements, filter racks or
chambers, humidity & temperature control loops.
6. CHILLER
Chiller removes heat from a liquid via vapour-compression or absorption refrigeration
cycle.
This cooled liquid flows through pipes in a building and passes through coils in air
handlers, fan-coil units, or other systems, cooling and usually dehumidifying the air in the
building.
Chillers are of two kinds:
1. Air Cooled
2. Water Cooled
7. COOLING TOWER
The Cooling tower cools the warm water by contacting with unsaturated air. The
evaporation of water mainly provides cooling.
Water-cooled chillers are normally more energy efficient than air-cooled chillers.
8. TYPES OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS
The choice of which air conditioner system to use depends upon a number of factors including
how large the area is to be cooled, the total heat generated inside the enclosed area, etc.
An HVAC designer would consider all the related parameters and suggest the system most
suitable for your space.
Window Air Conditioner
Split Air Conditioner
Packaged Air Conditioner
Central Air Conditioning System
9. WINDOW AIR
CONDITIONER
Window air conditioner is the most commonly used air conditioner for single
rooms. In this air conditioner all the components, namely the compressor,
condenser, expansion valve or coil, evaporator and cooling coil are enclosed in a
single box.
This unit is fitted in a slot made in the wall of the room, or more commonly a
window sill.
10. SPLIT AIR
CONDITIONER
The split air conditioner comprises of two parts: the outdoor unit and the
indoor unit.
The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room, houses components like the
compressor, condenser and expansion valve.
The indoor unit comprises the evaporator or cooling coil and the cooling
fan. For this unit you don’t have to make any slot in the wall of the room.
A split air conditioner can be used to cool one or two rooms.
11. PACKAGED AIR
CONDITIONER
This kind of air conditioner is used to cool more than two rooms or a larger space at your
home or office. There are two possible arrangements with the package unit. In the first
one, all the components, namely the compressor, condenser expansion valve and
evaporator are housed in a single box.
The cooled air is thrown by the high capacity blower, and it flows through the ducts laid
through various rooms. In the second arrangement, the compressor and condenser are
housed in one casing. The compressed gas passes through individual units, comprised of
the expansion valve and cooling coil,
located in various rooms.
12. CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONING
SYSTEM
Central air conditioning is used for cooling big buildings, houses, offices, entire hotels,
gyms, movie theatres, factories etc. If the whole building is to be air conditioned, HVAC
engineers find that putting individual units in each of the rooms is very expensive
making this a better option.
A central air conditioning system is comprised of a huge compressor that has the
capacity to produce hundreds of tons of air conditioning. Cooling big halls, malls, huge
spaces, galleries etc. is usually only feasible with central conditioning units.
14. CASE STUDY
KENZ FURNISHING
LOCATION: THONDAYAD BYPASS,
OPP HILITE MALL
NO. OF FLOORS: 5
FUNCTION: FURNITURE AND INTERIOR DECOR
TYPE OF AIR CONDITIONING USED – SPLIT AC SYSTEM
O
C
A
T
I
O
N
15. CASE STUDY
A series of outdoor units are provided on
the exterior side of the building
10 outdoor units are provided on
this facade
19. CASE STUDY
TYPE OF AIR CONDITIONERS USED: LG L-VOGUE
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
Tonnage Range
Cooling(watts)
Compressor
Power Supply(Volt/Phase/Hz.)
Power Input (Watts)
Running Current(Amps)
2.0TR
6350
Rotary - R22
230 / Single / 50
2000
9.2
20. CASE STUDY
PERFORMANCE
Star Rating
Noise Level (Indoor)(dB)
3
40
DIMENSIONS
Indoor (mm)(WxHxD)
Outdoor (mm)(WxHxD)
1090 x 300 x 218
870 x 655 x 322
WEIGHT
Indoor (Kg)
Outdoor (Kg)
13
47
21. HVAC BYLAWS
ASHRAE (AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HEATING, REFRIGERATION AND AIR
CONDITIONINNG ENGINEERING)
Air-conditioning and ventilating systems circulating air to more than one floor or floor
area shall be provided with dampers designed to close automatically in case of fire and
thereby preventing spread of fuel or smoke
From fire safety point of view, separate air handling units for the various floors shall be
provided so as to avoid the hazards arising from spread of fire and smoke through the
air-conditioning ducts. The requirements of air-conditioning ducts shall be in accordance
with good practice
22. HVAC BYLAWS
DUCT SYSTEM — A continuous passageway for the transmission of air which, in addition
to the ducts, may include duct fittings, dampers, plenums, and grilles and diffusers.
REFRIGERANT — The fluid used for heat transfer in a refrigerating system, which absorbs
heat at a low temperature and low pressure of the fluid Ad rejects heat at a higher
temperature and higher pressure of the fluid, usually involving changes of, state of the
fluid.
23. HVAC BYLAWS
RECIRCULATED AIR — The return air that has been passed through the
conditioning apparatus before being re-supplied to the space.
PLENUM — An air compartment or chamber to which one or more ducts
are connected and which forms part of an air distribution system. The
pressure drop and air velocities in the plenum should be low. Generally,
the velocity in plenum should not exceed 1.5 to 2.5 m/s.
24. HVAC BYLAWS
• CHILLERS:
• Sizing and selecting a chiller is an important aspect in
noise control. The following guidelines may be
considered for noise control:
• For rooftop installation of chillers, these may
be placed on beams connected on the elevated levels of
pillars on correctly chosen vibration isolators.
• Water cooled chillers have less vibration. However, if
air cooled chillers have to be chosen, choose them with fan
of less speeds and compressors must be jacketed without
compromising their ventilation requirement.