The School of Planning and Architecture (SPA) in New Delhi is a leading university specializing in planning, architecture, and design, with a history dating back to 1942. The institution operates from several locations, with ongoing construction for a new campus at Vasant Kunj to address issues of space and inter-department interaction, which is currently limited due to the physical separation of its facilities. The document discusses various aspects of SPA's development, education philosophy, and the environmental challenges faced by the campus, including site analysis and design considerations.

1. Today SPA, New Delhi is a premier central university
imparting education in planning, architecture, and
design. In the 1980s the School set up state-of-theart
Centres for Advanced Studies attached to each depart-
ment of studies. Another important initiative was taken to
start doctoral programmes , which have produced a
significant number of scholars in the last two decades . It
was also during 1980s that the construction of a
residential campus at Taimoor Nagar, New Friends Colony
commenced. It provided additional accommodation for
students as well as housing for the faculty and staff. The
construct ion of new campus for the School at Vasant Kunj
in South Delhi is under way.
At present,S.P.A. operates from three locations. The
planning dept. and the architecture dept. are housed in
different buildings in different plots. There are 11 distinct
departments presently and all of them are flourishing
units in themselves possessing a wealth of knowledge and
resources. They are supervised and run by the best and
most experienced faculty of the country. But physical
segregation of the institution means that there is very
little interaction between the students and faculty of the
various departments. The resource of the institute can not
be utilized fully. In the planning building itself , the
location of the studios and the faculty areas is such that
one does not get to know about other studios on their
way.Hence,inter-department interaction is minimal.
PRESENT STATUS
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE ,
DELHI
SPA Delhi
It was Walter George who chose to stay back when the
British left India. During those days there were hardly any
architects in the city. There were only two schools in India
for training architects, and these were located in Bombay
and Baroda. Walter George and his colleagues thus began
the work of establishing the first institution in Delhi for
imparting training to students of architecture. It was in
1942 that the Department of Architecture came into
existence as a part of the Delhi Polytechnic at Kashmiri
Gate in northern Delhi. While W.W. Wood became the first
Principal of the newly established Delhi Polytechnic,
Mr.Mirza became the first Head of the Department of
Architecture . The first batch of students received their
national diplomas in Architecture in 1950.
HISTORY
 Consolidation and strengthening of the program emphasizing on areas of concern.
 Identifying areas of thrust and satisfying them with design
 Improving the quality and standards of education
 Providing best suitable environment for nurturing growth of thoughts
 Providing a landmark institute for reference
 Articulation of spaces and buildings/built environment
 Providing an interactive environment
 Try to achieve green building standards
 Creating an intelligent built and outdoor environment
 Provide space for modern technology equipped workshops
Aim and Objectives
Educational institutions are indicators of the direction in which a
culture intends ta be headed in . Built in anticipation of market trends :
they represent the value that a community attaches to learning.
Education as a process. can be effective only if constantly evolves with
the society and mirrors its aspirations. This fact is of vital significance in
India, which is fast catching up with the world as technological
advancement is revolutionizing the content and process of its education.
The challenge for educational facilities is to keep up with this evolution.
In an inter-connected and multi-ethnic environment like that of India.
the challenge extends beyond technological integration/ up gradation
of the education system into addressing the innate contradictions
that arise within
 Observation being the key generator of creative action, architectural education must unfold the
inherent beauty of this phenomenon. To start with, it must help self observation and discovery
of the individual which when extended must be able to understand the society in all its hues.
 Architectural education must facilitate the understanding of time and space of an individual.
 Architectural education must recognize the self as an ultimate design expression- functionally,
structurally and formally amongst other innumerable design expressions that exist in nature, all
held together so very tenaciously in
 an intricate balance.
 Architectural education must equip individuals to see and dissect the common energy sources
and vocabularies of different, worked on manmade classical forms of expression like poetry,
music, dance and of course architecture. An understanding of integration of all human
expressions results from this.
 Architectural education must take into account that it is a human endeavor concerned with the
physical, social, and mental well- being of students as well as their intellectual growth.
 Six points that articulate a general plan for architectural education are:-
• Creative thoughts.
• Clear thinking.
• Natural ability and learned Skills.
• The issues before society.
• Data collection.
• The careful establishment.
ESSENCE OF ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION
SITE BYELAWS
The site comes under institutional area-educational zone of Vasant Kunj and is
governed by MPD-bye laws 2021. The zone under which the site is located is the
Zone -F of Delhi. The site falls under the jurisdiction of Municipal Corporation of Delhi
and MCD-bye laws are binding on the project. Environmental clearance is
mandatory as the proposed site falls at the edge of south central ridge. Apart from
regulations, there are height restrictions as the proposed site lies in the flight path of
Delhi International Airport.
The Development Controls applicable for the site(educational facilities-higher
education)are as follows:
• Maximum Ground Coverage= 35%
• Maximum F.A.R. = 150
• Maximum Height =17m
Maximum height permitted for the site due to close proximity to the airport is l7m
calculated the highest point on the site.
Upto 15% of max. FAR can be utilized for residential use of staff and student
accommodation . Parking standard @ 1.33 ECS/ 100 sq. m. of floor area.

2. WATER DRAINAGETOPOGRAPHY
LOCATION
 The site is located close to
45m wide Nelson Mandela
Road and connected via
service road.
 It has near proximity to JNU,
south campus DU ,TERI
University , IIT , Airport ,etc.
 The nearest metro station is
the Chatarpur Metro Station
(yellow line) within 2km
from the site.
 8 lane Nelson Mandela road
links the site to outer ring
road and Mahipalpur
Mehrauli road.
 Site is 17km from existing
ITO campus and 10 to 15km
from Connaught place ,2km
from NH-8 ,New Delhi
railway station and 5-7km
from Airport.
WIND DIRECTION
The wind direction changes with seasons in composite kind
of climate . Winds are such :
SW in summer , SE in monsoon and NE in winter.
VEGETATION
DRAINAGE
Water supply is through the
underground reservoirs
connected to Delhi Municipal
Corporation. Rainwater and
sewage disposal through
drains below the green strips
connecting to Nelson
Mandela Road
POWER SUPPLY
The 11kv electric lines run
throughout the periphery of
the site at a distance of nearly
20-30m . The main source of
power to the site is the
roadside poles.
PROFILE
The site is an irregular shaped with two
faces of 340m & 208m While the rest is an
irregular curve joining the two points. .
The lowest point of the site is at +251m
above MSL whereas the highest point is at
+266m. The main dominant level is
+265.5m.
SOLAR RADIATION
In summers the sun is at high altitude ,the roof receives
much more radiation than the walls , thus horizontal
shade is enough , how ever in winters when the position
of the sun is lowered , vertical louvers becomes necessary.
WATER CHANNELS
TOPOGRAPHY
The terrain is rocky and loose with quartzite
rocks. Swales and valleys within the
landscape lead to formation of water
channels and collection pools. Rocky
substrata promotes storage and retention of
water.
HUMIDITY
Humidity is low in dry periods at 20 to 55% with vapour
pressure 1300 to 1600N/sq.m During wet periods it rises
to 55 to 95% with vapour pressure 2000 to 2500 N/sq.m
High humidity causes discomfort thus adequate ventilation
is required.
SKY CONDITIONS
It is markably varies with seasons.
Heavily overcast and dull in monsoon
and clear with a dark blue sky in dry
season. Towards the end of hot and dry
season the sky becomes brighter with
frequent dust haze
SEISMICITY
Delhi lies in Zone IV and is thus extremely
vulnerable to earthquakes . Generally
earthquakes here are of 5-6 magnitude
with occasional 6-8 magnitude.
CONTOUR MAP
chasm approximately 180m long
having an average width of 40m
and depth of 8m-1Om
HUMIDITY
Humidity is low in dry periods at 20 to 55% with vapour
pressure 1300 to 1600N/sq.m During wet periods it rises
to 55 to 95% with vapour pressure 2000 to 2500 N/sq.m
High humidity causes discomfort thus adequate ventilation
is required.
The S.P.A. Campus being located 4.5 kms from the Yellow Line Transit station and
1.0 km from the Bus Rapid Transit Line , an alternate bus shuttle service is
proposed for catering to the different institutions and campuses around the site
including S.P.A. itself . The New S.P.A. Campus is strategically located between a
variety of different land uses; an existing institutional and campus area along with the
Bio-Diversity Park to its north , Grand Hotel and Vasant Kunj Malls to its east and
Vasant Kunj DOA Housing along its southern edge.This provides an unique opportunity
for the Campus to adopt an environmental approach and bind together a strong
identity for the Vasant Kunj South Campus area providing better connections to the
surrounding neighborhood.
VEGETATION
Covered with dense shrubs
,herbs and grassland . There
are no prominent large trees
on the site.
Site
SITE
SITE ANALYSIS
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE , VASANT KUNJ , DELHI
SPA Delhi
SITE

3. SPA Delhi
CASE STUDY
SCHOOL OF PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE ,
DELHI Architect : T J Manickman
SPA was designed by englishman T.J.Manickman and its hostels in Maharani Bhagh New Friends
Colony by Akshat Jain and Ragha Chkravarthy . Since the campus is a split there is a huge
communication gap
Serious problems in terms of space can be observed in the campus . Overcrowded areas lack of
storage area narrow lobbies no fire exit and lack of adequate parking space are some of the
problems .
DESIGNISSUES
The campus is located on the busy ring road near
ITO in New Delhi. The campus is divided into two
part at a distance of about 300 m . Opposite to the
campus is the Indra Gandhi indoor stadium
The plan is in the form of l shape with studies ,admin ,canteen and
library situated vertical and multipurpose hall ,workshops and
Industrial Design working space perpendicular to it . The building
lacks architectural character . The building is too high and thus
the scale does not match and fit in the site , the building is planed
on a grid of 4 m . The service core containing the staircase and lift
is in the northern end of the entrance lobby
PLANNINGLOCATION
Large windows let in piercing sunlight into the
indoors . For ventilation there are large
ventilators.
LIGHTINGANDVENTILATION
Studios are placed on second floor and above .
They are designed to get light from the north and
south sun. there is a rigid classroom environment .
STUDIOS
It is a very useful space for the students it also
accommodates the stationary shop. It forms one
of the main entrance into the block
CANTEEN
Placed in the extreme end of the campus. They are
not properly acoustically treated and create lots
of noise
WORKSHOPS

4. CASE STUDY
ANSAL SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE ,
LUCKNOW Architect : AR NITIN GOEL
Ansal Technical Campus (ATC) is a private, self financed and co-educational institution
was established in the year 2012 sponsored by Sushil Ansal Foundation (SAF). It is
affiliated to Gautam Budh Technical University, Lucknow. It is approved by AICTE and
MHRD, New Delhi. It is recognized by UP Board of Technical Education, State
Government of UP.
DESIGNISSUES
The campus is located in Sector C, Pocket
9, Sushant Golf City, Lucknow, Uttar
Pradesh
The planning is done around courtyards . The concept of spacious environment has been kept
in mind . Court yards are landscaped and use as the major interactive spaces . Major mass or
major part of the surface of the building are on the north and south direction. The courtyards
improve ventilation and lightens up the studio environment and increase interaction and
increases sense of freedom.
PLANNING
LOCATION
Large windows let in piercing sunlight into the indoors . For ventilation there are
large ventilators.
LIGHTINGANDVENTILATION
The complete department is a temporary structure made out of steel frames with
gypsum board paneling . The roof is a pitched roof throughout . The structure acts
well as a thermal insulator and provides high scope for renovations and
repositioning . But it lacks aesthetic appeal or any beauty .
STRUCTURE
Ansal Technical Campus is situated at the prestigious Sushant Golf
City on Amar Shaheed Path off to NH-56 in Lucknow city, the district
of UP. Campus is just 15 minutes drive away from the airport and
well-connected by local and college provided conveyance. Campus
spread over an area of 14 acres land.
APPROACH
LUCKNOW CLIMATE
Lucknow has a humid subtropical climate with cool, dry winters from mid-
November to February and dry, hot summers with thunderstorms from late
March to June.

5. CASE STUDY 1
CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND TECHNOLOGY,
AHMEDABAD Architect : B.V.DOSHI
The School of architecture at Ahmedabad is a part of the campus of
Centre For Planning and Technology (CEPT). The campus consists of
Visual art centre, communication science centre and school of
planning. This school of architecture is the most contemporary
school in India. The design is selectively developed and a large area is
used for landscape.
The Ahmedabad Education Society (AES), a premier educational body started in 1962 with the
starting of School of Architecture. The School of Planning was established in 1972 with financial
support from the governments of India and Gujarat and Ford Foundation. The School of
Building Science and Technology and School of Interior Design were established in 1982 and
1991 respectively with grant-in-aid from the government of Gujarat. The state government also
supports the School of Architecture through grant-in-aid.
HISTORY
LOCATION
The campus is located over 5 acres in the
Navrangpura area of the city of
Ahmedabad, Gujrat .The site is 6.7 km
from Ahma dabad railway station, 6.9
km from Ahma dabad Bus stand and
11.8 km from Ahmadabad airport.
AHMEDABAD CLIMATE
Ahmedabad has a hot, semi-arid climate
. The average annual rainfall is about
800 millimetres. With max temperature
34 degree in to min of 21 degree .
SCHOOLS IN CEPT
 School of Architecture
 School of Planning
 School of Building Science and
Technology
 School of Interior Design
DESIGN FEATURES
 Provision for flexible spaces which can be used in a multifunctional manner
 Strong connectivity between spaces making the school as an open space with no doors
 All buildings are oriented in the north-south direction.
 Open spaces on the north & south side respectively allow fresh air for ventilation.
 The open spaces is linked to the office and library area , workshop and canteen.
 The design is intended to be close to nature and experiment the designing skills, play with
levels etc. Since the land was earlier a brick kiln, the site was undulated and gave
opportunity to play with levels.
 The design is intended to be close to nature and experiment the designing skills, play with
levels etc. Since the land was earlier a brick kiln, the site was undulated and gave
opportunity to play with levels.
 The design is intended to be close to nature and experiment the designing skills, play with
levels etc. Since the land was earlier a brick kiln, the site was undulated and gave
opportunity to play with levels.
 The studio spaces have bay spaces facing the exterior , creating semi-private spaces which
are yet totally open to the exterior - spaces where the individual can be alone with nature
 The studio spaces have bay spaces facing the exterior , creating semi-private spaces which
are yet totally open to the exterior - spaces where the individual can be alone with nature
even in the environment of a studio.
 There are two types of buildings in CEPT campus -Wide spanning , multiple storeyed usually
in transverse groupings ,Narrower spanning ,single storeyed, vaulted, usually not combined.
 Elimination of classroom feeling
 Architecture without barriers
 Integration of open spaces
 Ease of interaction between various
departments
ARCHITECT’S PHILOSOPHY
The site is located in the Kasturbhai Lalbhai Campus in
Navrangpura, a western suburb of Ahmedabad. It lies
within a zone occupied by other educational
institutions. Being at the edge of this zone, it is also
immediately proximal to some residential localities
which adjoin. The site about 12.5 acres, measuring about
300 metres North-South and about 150 metres East-
West. It is roughly rectangular, with extensions on the
eastern side at the northern and southern ends for
vehicular parking and on the southern side (Hussain-
Doshi Gufa). The general slope is towards the north
western corner.
SITE
Main access on the northern side Two
entrances on the southern side Two
entrances on the western side
SECTION
PLANNING
 The built form starts with a pair of parallel walls. The
basic component of the buildings of CEPT is a derivative
of a pair of parallel , load-bearing walls, supporting a flat
floor-slab . The repeated occurrence of parallel-walled
structures in the buildings of the campus can be
observed.
 The overall planning done around the central court with
built masses on sides and green it gives the campus noise
protection from traffic.
 Architect has included uneven contours into the plan
transforming a drawback into a delightful experience of
space.
 Oriented north south , spacious double heighted ,soliciting
north light and pleasant south breeze . The openings in the
south are recessed with balconies.
 Studios overlook studios below
 Horizontal scale both in m and ft. are marked on concrete
band so the students can have an idea of physical
measurements.
STUDIOS
The basement is a multipurpose space. It is a very
active space of the campus. On one side of t he
basement rising contours can be seen, and on the other
side the central courtyard. Numerous activities are
performed here like cultural programs , tests and
exhibitions, indoor games etc.
BASEMENT
APPROACH

6. CASE STUDY 2
Chandigarh college of Architecture
Architect : Le Corbusier
The Chandigarh College of Architecture (or CCA) is a college
imparting education and research in the field of architecture. It
covers the north- western region of India including the states of
Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir as well as the
Union Territory of Chandigarh.
The college has an enrolment of 200 undergraduates.
Chandigarh College of Architecture was established on 7 August 1961 in Chandigarh, India,
and was set up to impart education in architecture.
Le Corbusier, who developed Chandigarh's master plan in 1951, got CCA established as a part
of the Chandigarh Experiment.
HISTORY
LOCATION
The campus is located over 8 acres in
academic atmosphere and forms a part
of Punjab engineering college campus ,
in sector 12 , Chandighar . Though the
college stands alone as a school of
architecture , it is near the capital
complex and easily accessible from the
city.
CHANDIGHAR CLIMATE
Chandigarh has a humid subtropical
climate characterised by a seasonal
rhythm: very hot summers, mild
winters, unreliable rainfall and great
variation in temperature (−1 °C to 46
°C OR 30.2 °F to 114 °F).
DESIGN FEATURES
 The planning is introvert in nature. The studio and classrooms have been grouped together
around a Rectangular courtyard.
 There are two doubly loaded corridors originating on two ends of the building which Lead
from the entrance to the studios and class rooms. The facilities like library, museum,
common room, dark room and Administration and faculty rooms are on both sides of these
corridors. These corridors are poorly connected to the courtyard through four small
openings.
 The design studios are on the northern side of the building. Entrance hall is a long rectangle
in shape. The Courtyard has not been well linked with rest of the building.
 The built form is tilted so as to get north south orientation.
 East west openings narrow to reduce radiation
 North side unique roof form to capture north light
 South side hollow concrete blocks for both light and air
ARCHITECT’S PHILOSOPHY
 The classrooms, studios are other
spaces deeper on north lights for
their lighting. The lighting is good
during day time.
 Courtyard that might have been
exploited for natural lighting has
not been used for such purposed.
 Ventilation is from small window,
which are present on th
 e outside walls. The north side
windows are large and near the
ceilings
LIGHT AND VENTILATION
The approach is throughV3 , vidya
path .
The site has two entrances.
 One major entrance is towards the
south east .Used as both
pedestrian and vehicular entrance.
 The other in north east. This is for
the students coming from the
hostels .
APPROACH
PLANNING
 The planning is introvert in nature. The studio and
classrooms have been grouped together around a
Rectangular courtyard.
 There are two doubly loaded corridors originating on two
ends of the building which Lead from the entrance to the
studios and class rooms. The facilities like library,
museum, common room, dark room and Administration
and faculty rooms are on both sides of these corridors.
These corridors are poorly connected to the courtyard
through four small openings.
 The design studios are on the northern side of the
building. Entrance hall is a long rectangle in shape. The
Courtyard has not been well linked with rest of the
building.
 The entrance hall is long and rectangular in shape .
 As such there is no order or hierarchy of spaces , the
building and the layout seems uninteresting in terms of
functionality.
 There has been no thought of
linking studios and the relationship
between different classes is quite
poor.
 Architect has failed to link the
courtyard in an active manner with
rest of the building. As a result, it is
a passive & a dead space.
 Corridors and courtyards are poorly
linked. Some faculty rooms are very
close to studios while, others are
far away. Thus, a varying nature of
relationship has been generated
between students and faculty.
 There is little room for inter-faculty
interaction corridors which are
major circulation arteries of the
building help circulation in a very
uninteresting and boring manner.
LINKAGES
 CCA aims at developing its unique inherent potential and location and to inspire, support,
sustain and continue academic programs whereby professionals -trained in the tradition of
modern urbanism ushered in by the incomparable master could extend the frontiers of
Creativity in the pursuit of serving the Family of Man -- efficiently, comprehensively,
beautifully.
 The Chandigarh College of Architecture (CCA) was established on 7th August 1961 and was
set up as a part of the great "Chandigarh Experiment" to impart education in Architecture.
Chandigarh College of Architecture was established on 7 August 1961 in Chandigarh, India,
and was set up to impart education in architecture.
Le Corbusier, who developed Chandigarh's master plan in 1951, got CCA established as a part
of the Chandigarh Experiment.
CONCEPT
SURROUNDINGS
Shopping mall (north west) , spic
micro software building (north east)
, Engineering college (east )
University playground (south east).
OPEN SPACES
Courtyard is the only open space in
the college which is well linked to the
rest of the college. It is a grassy lawn,
used by students to relax during their
spare time. There is a large garden the
south side of the college which is
linked through entrance hall

7. LITRATURESTUDY1
YaleArt +Architecture Building, NewHaven,Connecticut
Architect : PaulRudolph
In Juneof 1957, it wasannounced that he had accepted the chairmanship of the Department of
Architecture at Yale University. During his years at Yalehe began receiving commissions for
monumental structures from throughout the Northeast including the Art and Architecture Building
at Yale,the Government ServicesCentre in Boston and the SMTI/ UMassDartmouth campus.Bythis
time he had adopted adistinctive style, mostly in concrete, that drew from many sources including
FrankLloyd Wright, LeCorbusier aswell ashis own prodigious imagination.
HISTORY
LOCATION
DESIGN FEATURES
 Rudolph envisioned the building asa teaching tool, peppering his Modernist castlewith fragments
of history: plaster castsof Assyrian reliefs and Parthenonfriezes; LeCorbusier’sModular measure;
original LouisSullivangates;and locally salvagedIoniccapitals.Incorporated with remarkable self-
confidence despite the contemporary sway of Bauhaus ahistoricism, many of these items have
been preserved or restored.
 Further thumbing his nose at the ahistorical inclinations of the Bauhaus, Rudolphplayfully
decorated the A&Awith bits and pieces of history -- Assyrianreliefs in the stairwells, Ionic
capitals perched on metal poles in the lecture hall.
 Hisspatial theatricality reached its climax in the building's heart, the two-story drafting room,
presided over by amarble Romanstatue of the goddess Minerva.
TEMPERATURE-Overthe course of ayear, the temperature typically varies from -4°Cto 28°C
and is rarely below -12°Cor above 31°C.
TEMPERATURE-Overthe course of ayear, the temperature typically varies from -4°Cto 28°C
and is rarely below -12°Cor above 31°C.
SUN-The length of the day varies significantly over the course of the year. Theshortest day is
December21 with 9:11 hours of daylight; the longest day is June20 with 15:09 hours of
daylight.
PRECIPITATION-Theprobability that precipitation will be observed at this location varies
throughout the year. Precipitation is most likely around February 10, occurring in 45%of
days. Precipitation is least likely around September 11, occurring in 34%ofdays.
DESIGN APPROACH
 The 2008 renovation restored the original linear lighting
system which beautifully juxtaposed into the vertical
concrete texture
 Meeting current disability friendly requirements by the
codes was a difficult task. The original plan had 37 level on
9 floors rendring incorporation disability access automatic
 Interiors as grey [dull/neutral] concrete vs. earthy orange
[bright and exciting]Carpets and furniture
 Natural light bounces on the carpet and illuminates the
entire space aswarm interiors imprinting warth on the
lifeless concrete
 Like every brutalist buildings, this one retains all the joints
and holescaused by the casting of concrete inplace.
Rudolph utilised this as an opportunity to create texture.
 Internally the building is organized around a centralcore
spacedefined byfour large concreteslabcolumnsthat,
similar to the external towers, are hollow toaccommodate
mechanical services.
 Cast-in-PlaceConcrete [RCC]
 BushHammered Finish to the face ofthe exposed
concrete
StructuralSystem
 The114,000sqft Brutalist building, which is constructed of
cast-in-placeconcrete, hasatotal of 37 different levels on nine
floors, two below grade, and is a cornerstone of Yale’svibrant
arts campus.
 Completed in 1963, the building is formed of intersecting
volumes of bush-hammered concrete. Smooth concrete and
glasshorizontal elements are supported by a sequenceof
towers that protrude abovethe roof in aseries of turrets.
 Slabsof ribbed concrete run in vertical sections on the
interiorand exterior of the 11,000-square- metre building.
 Themain entrance is set back from the street, accessed
through achute and stairwell between two concrete
columns.
 Inside, the complex floor plan is made up of 37 terraced
levels spaced acrossseven main storeys and two
basement floors. Eachlevel overlooks acentral atrium
that features asunken pit and is topped by aseries of
skylights, while narrow concrete walkwaysconnect the
spaceson either side of the well.
 Massive piers of concrete rise. Projections are over-
emphasised throughout. Heavyslabs are crossed by thin slabs.
Spaces inside cross too and offer sequencesof most dramatic
effects by unexpected vistas inside the building and evenout
of it,"
BUILDINGCONSTRUCTIONSYSTEM
CLIMATE
“External forces dictated that this building turn the corner and relate to the modern building
opposite aswell assuggest that it belongs to YaleUniversity. The internal forces demanded an
environment suitable for ever varying activities which will be given form and coherence bythe
defined spaceswithin. Asthe yearsgo by, it is hopedotherinterests and activities will take place
within the spaces, but the spaceitself will remain.” - Paul Rudolph.
ARCHITECT’S PHILOSOPHY
YALESCHOOLOF
ARTAND
ARCHITECTURE
CONNECTICUT,UNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA
(COASTOFATLANTICOCEAN)
NEWHAVEN,
CONNECTICUT
RCCShearwalls
HollowRCCColumns
Original YaleArt +Architecture Building Cross-
Courtyard Axis Plan ByPaul Rudolph
Section showing hollow
columns usedasservice and
storage area
MECHANICALSERVICES
CIRCULATIONSPACE
ELEVATORS
STAIRCASE
MAIN ENTRANCETOTHEBUILDINGTOTHE
FIRSTFLOOR
ENTRANCETOTHEPUBLICCAFE
PEDESTRIANMOVEMENT
MOVEMENTFORSERVICES
EXTERNAL
EXIT
STARICASE
UNLOADINGANDLOADING DOCK
GROUNDFLOORPLAN
FIRSTFLOORPLAN
PAINTING
DESIGN
SCULPTURING
GRAPHICSANDDRAWING
EXHIBITIONANDLIBRARY
SIXTHFLOORPLAN
ELEVATORS
CIRCULATIONSPACE
STAIRCASE
MECHANICALSERVICES
PEDESTRIANMOVEMENT
MOVEMENTFORSERVICES
DESIGN

8. Part Study
Harvard Graduate School of Design University Cambridge, Massachusetts
Architect : JohnAndrew
Direct day light is admitted from the
stepped overhead windows of the
truss system. They also give a view of
the surroundings .
LIGHT AND VIEW
LOCATION
DESIGN FEATURES
 For its own students, the building gathers all studies in to one open integrated
environment.
 The organization of the building is simple. Faculty and seminar rooms wrap around the
sides of the studios with a lounge and a terrace common to both.
 The studios on all floor are open to each other, each studio storey overlapping the one
beneath tucked under the one above. Horizontal and vertical stacking was avoided to give
students a platform for interaction. The staggered studios have a great tubular truss
spanning 125 feet grid.
 The structure of the building is in R.C.C,25 feet grid. The building is a grand system of
structure , services and light.
 The building as a whole sets an example for a new kind of communication in education.
Majorcampuscirculationpassthroughunderthe buildingandhencelobby functionasanexhibitionarea.
Thereareseveralentriestotheexhibitiononthegroundfloor.
Within the building , circulation between studios takes place through the open stair
case . Each studio is closely attached to the faculty rooms and seminar rooms . Each
studio accommodates 350 students.
ANALYSIS OF INTERRELATIONSHIP
It’s a remarkable building by John Andrew , symbolizing new direction of looking inward , it opens a
new relationship between disciplines and looking outward it establishes a relationship the Graduate
school of design and rest of the university community.
The Graduate School of Design’s Gund Hall sticks out among
Harvard’s red-brick laden campus. While some might regard the
concrete exterior as ugly, some say the interior could serve as a
model for a university that lacks central social spaces . The
building shows a different kind of an approach to the design of a
architectural school. Modern technology and structural flexibility
have contributed to the unusual design solution . This building
contrasts a great deal to CEPT and gives a technically advanced
solution for the design of an Architectural school.
Its located in the Harvard University
campus Cambridge , Massachusetts
USA
The building is basically of reinforced
concrete with flat slab construction .
System of tubular steel truss forms a
free spanning roof .
STRUCTURE
 Gund Hall offers students a stimulating environment in which to work, including studio and office areas
for approximately 500 students and more than 100 faculty and staff; lecture and seminar rooms;
workshops and darkrooms; an audio visual center; computer facilities; a cafeteria; a project room; Piper
Auditorium; and the Frances Loeb Library. The yard area is used for basketball, volleyball, picnics; as an
exhibition area for class projects; and as the setting for commencement ceremonies. The central studio
space extends through five levels under a stepped, clear-span roof that admits natural light and
provides views toward Boston. The dramatic facade and extensive glass surfaces make an eloquent
statement about the design excellence and professional creativity for which the school is known. Some
administrative offices and offices for doctoral students, plus seminar rooms, are located opposite Gund
Hall at 7 Sumner Road.
As new ways of thinking emerge in the profession of architecture, the field grows
increasingly complex and requires new techniques of inquiry and design. For generations,
the GSD has educated committed individuals who have assumed leadership roles in shaping
the built environment. Today’s graduates in architecture continue this tradition by pioneering
new design approaches to the challenges posed by contemporary society.
Gund hall currently features a cafeteria, auditorium, fabrication lab, library, classrooms, and
offices. At the heart of the building, though, are the four floors of desks, also known as trays,
which offer collaborative spaces for nearly 600 studio students. The terraced, open floor plan
allows students from the top floor to see the models that students on the mezzanine are
designing, and vice-versa.

9. WEB STUDY
Malaysia’s Green Diamond Building
The ASEAN Centre for Energy has awarded its top prize in the
ASEAN Energy Awards (AEA) to the Diamond Building, the
eight-story headquarters of the Energy Commission of Malaysia
in Putrajaya. The passive-design, energy-efficient structure is
designed to use mostly natural light and to consume about one-third the amount of
energy of a conventional building of its size. The building, completed in 2009, earned
Platinum ratings under Malaysia's Green Building Index (GBI) and Singapore's Green
Mark program.
The Diamond Building was designed and built on a concept of sustainable
building, with consideration to the following aspects:
1. Reduction in fossil fuels usage
2. Water conservation
3. Sustainable building materials
4. Waste minimisation and avoidance
5. Indoor environmental quality
6. Traffic and transport management
7. Construction and demolition management plan
Design features:
 The building’s integrated cooling system utilizes Radiant Cooling System where
coils embedded in the concrete floor slabs that keep floor and ceiling
temperatures between 19 and 21 degrees Celsius.
 The building “is self-shading for direct solar radiation,” with facades and an
atrium “optimized to direct diffuse daylight into the building.
 Extensive landscaping and a sunken outdoor garden ensure not only a green
space but also provide a cool and shaded environment for the occupants.
This, coupled with a green roof helps to further reduce urban heat and effect
whereby the hardscape areas are reduced and replaced with soft green
landscape.
 Rainwater harvested is used for toilet flushing, combined with efficient water
fittings such as dual flush toilets, waterless urinals and water taps equipped
with aerators. This reduces potable water usage by more than 65%. To
further optimise the water efficiency of the building, greywater collected
from the wash basins is also recycled to irrigate the wetland at the ground
floor.
 To reduce heat absorption in the building, the roof top area is insulated using
boards with a thickness of 100mm. The concrete roof is tightly insulated both
horizontally and vertically.
Automotive manufacturer, Metalsa new building in Monterrey,
Mexico Designed by Brooks + Scrapa. The saw-toothed roofline
is reminiscent of old industrial buildings and the nearby
mountains, but also doubles as a surface for photovoltaics and
north-facing windows to let in daylight. The project was designed to achieve LEED
Platinum certification and is a great example for how green design can be applied in
utilitarian projects. Programmatically, the building features offices as well as the
warehouse and research laboratories, all of which are filled with lots of natural
daylight.
Inspiration for the saw-toothed roofline comes from historical factories, but is
optimized for site orientation and the interior space. North-facing roof windows pull in
sunlight into the offices and the factory, while south-facing roof slopes are covered
in photovoltaic to generate electricity. Storm water is infiltrated via retention biowales,
landscaping and percolation zones, while excess is fed into a campus-wide grey water
recycling system. Large overhangs and perforated metal shade screens on the south
and west sides protect the interior from overheating. Radiant slabs inside provide
efficient heating and cooling of the interior and sustainable materials contribute to a
healthy interior.
Saw-Toothed Metalsa Center for Innovation
DAY LIGHTING
DAYLIGHTING
SYSTEM
Apertures
Glazing
System
Shading
Device
Daylighting
devices
Interior
Elements
Interior
surface
charecter
Building
Form
Daylighting is the practice of placing windows, other
openings, and reflective surfaces so that sunlight (direct
or indirect) can provide effective internal lighting.
Particular attention is given to daylighting while
designing a building when the aim is to maximize visual
comfort or to reduce energy use.
The Sunportal system tracks the sun and collects light throughout the day with an
“Active Sunlight Collector” – and it’s able to do so even on cloudy days. The collector
redirects the light into an “Ultra Sunlight Concentrator”, which channels it into the
aperture of a small acrylic light pipe. The concentrated sunlight can then be directed
anywhere over any distance through a series of “Sunlight Relay Lenses”. Sunportal says
that because its technology uses “the latest IR-cut coating technology, there is no heat
loss or gain associated with the transmitted daylight,” which reduces heating and air
conditioning costs. It is assumed that using sunlight directly for indoor illumination
would be about twenty-five times more cost-effective than using sunlight to generate
electricity with solar cells for powering electric lamps for indoor lighting.
Sunportal currently has dealers in Europe and North America. System is in use by
South Korea at a pumped-storage plant, a steel mill, and a pedestrian subway.
Sunportal system
Located in Fort Worth, Texas, the Kimbell Art Museum by
Louis Kahn has become a mecca for all who are interested
in modern architecture. The element of natural light is the
main focus of the design, and creates elegant spaces that are perfectly suited
for the art that it houses.
Kimbell Art Museum
The Poetry foundation , designed by John Ronan Architects, is a
daring ode to the structure of a poem. Located in Chicago, the
building provides space for a library, exhibitions and the offices
of Poetry Magazine. The building's volume is composed of a
series of layers, not unlike a poem, and visitors to the foundation move through and
between them to understand the space in its entirety. With a perforated screen on the
exterior, the building accepts filtered sunlight for a tranquil experience inside, which is
augmented by an interior garden space. A partial green roof, use of recycled materials
and energy efficient strategies will help this building attain a LEED Silver certification.
The courtyard garden acts as another room inside the space and serves as an urban
sanctuary. Visitors access the building through the garden and instantly see the double
height library, which welcomes them into this literary space. Inside, the foundation
features performance space, a gallery and library on the ground floor, while office
spaces are located on the second level. Views of the garden can be seen throughout
the building.
The building is surrounded by a perforated screen, which works to protect the building
from the elements, while filtering natural daylight into the space to create a soft and
pleasant light.
Chicago’s Poetry foundation

10. BOOK STUDY
Seating in lecture theatres can be combined
units of tip-up or swing seats, backrest and
writing ledge (with shelf or hook for
folders), usually fixed. (1) & (3) Seating
arrangement depending on subject,
number of students and teaching method:
slide lectures, electro- acoustic systems on
a gentle rake; surgery, internal medicine,
physics on a steep rake. View curve
calculated using graphic or analytic
methods.(4)-(5).
SEATING ARRANGEMENTS
An environment for disable people needs to be designed to accommodate
wheelchairs and allow sufficient space for moving around in safely. In the
rented residential sector, access via corridor is the most common layout. This
enables large numbers of angles and corners to be avoided; a straight main
corridor is preferable. The entrance area should be of an appropriate size.
The minimum area of entrances halls is 1.50x1.50m & 1.70x1.60m for a
porch with a single leaf door. single disabled people need more space than
those in shared households. In apartments, recommended minimum areas
for living rooms with dinning area are: 22 sq.m for one person and 24 sq.m
for two to four people; 26 sq.m for five and 28 sq.m for six. The minimum
room width is 3.75m for one or two person and for 4.75m for four or 5
person who are disabled.
BASIC HUMAN DIMENTIONS
Dimensions And Space Requirements In
Accordance With Normal Measurements
And Energy Consumption.
BASIC HUMAN DIMENTIONS
Lecture halls are places of social and personal interaction, where learning
takes place and where creative thinking is encouraged. The primary objective
of the design team is to achieve the best possible arrangement of
architectural elements and teaching facilities so that both teaching and
learning is maximized. Design of lecture theatres and teaching spaces
requires a balanced relationship bet. architectural/Construction skills and
teaching/AV disciplines. The objective of the design team should be to
optimize the 'function' of space, by clearly identifying all performance
requirements and allowing for these needs in the design stage. Ancillary
support spaces (i.e. lobbies, lecture halls) should be serviced by the primary
telecommunication distribution system/infrastructure in the building.
Lecture halls require the greatest design input and in which is usually found
the greatest complement of audio visual facilities. Lecture halls are generally
single function spaces with fixed seating and writing furniture on a tiered or
sloping floor surface. Each seat should have a clear unobstructed view to the
lecturer and all boards and screens located on the presentation wall. Natural
lighting is not desirable in lecture halls.
LECTURE HALL’S OBJECTIVES
Various space requirements for technical subjects including Architecture and Art Academics.
DRAWING STUDIO
Thumb Rules for Planning the Office
Spaces: width of the primary Circulation
path within the space must not be less
than 2M, the secondary and tertiary
paths must not be less than 1.5M and
0.75M respectively. The planning and the
layout must satisfy a particular functional
need, such as screening, divisions
(partitions) stacking or storage etc. .
Furniture arrangement must be such that
the people at their work station must
have clear visibility and adequate space
around their desk.
OFFICE SPACES
Libraries perform a range of functions in society. Academic libraries, for
example, obtain, collect and store literature for education and research
purposes, and are usually open to the general public. Public libraries provide
communities with a wide choice of more general literature and other
information media, with as much as possible displayed on open shelves. The
functions of academic and public libraries are often combined in a single
library in larger towns.
LIBRARY

11. INFRENCES
CONTENTS C.C.A C.E.P.T HARWARD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF
DESIGN
AREA Ground coverage = 2400 sq.m
Built up area = 6500 sq.m
INTERACTION Corridors are the only source of interaction
among the students
Interaction between the studios is achieved
by stacking the studios and achieving visual
linkage.
The visual link between the studios and a
common open staircase is managed to create
interaction within the studio.
LIGHT & VENTILATION The shape of the building is designed to
bring north light into the studios
Glare free north light is allowed into the
building
Day light is admitted via stepped overhead
windows of the truss system
INTERIOR CHARECTER Brick piers are used in interactive spaces and
platforms for display is a prominent
component among the interior
Large column free spaces achieved via use of
coffer slabs . Ceramic tiles roof to reflect
back harsh sun
An office like work environment is created
with view of all studio achieved through
large span trusses system .
EXTERIOR CHARECTER The building is quite unnoticeable from the
main gate approach road seems to merge
with the ground . It has horizontal skyline
with concrete jalli s dominating the front
façade , an aesthetically sound composition
is produced via precast jallis
Brick walls and concrete bands in exposed
condition to give it a natural texture . Space
for informal seating is provided
The form of the building sets an example for
use of the modern technology and structural
flexibility in an intelligent way
CONCEPT Here the potential of common man would
grow to maturity in an atmosphere for
learning through maximum communication .
Micro climate and environment within the
school to be in a humble setting
SCHOOL as an open space ; Feeling of NO
RESTRICTION ; CLASSROOM SENSE must be
all over inside and outside AN OPEN
FLEXIBLE SPACE with no doors ; EXPOSED
LOCAL MATERIALS minimise cost and
maintenance ; NORTH LIGHT in studios; to
activate the space between with a variety of
spaces and INTERLOCKING PLATFORMS
It symbolises a new direction for looking
inward , it opens a new relationship between
disciplines and looking outward it establishes a
relationship the Graduate school of design and
rest of the university community.
PLANNING The function are put around a rectangular
courtyard with two doubly loaded corridors
running along the building to connect the
various functions . The courtyard is not well
linked to the building
The function of the main block are well
connected through stair case and corridors .
Play in levels and platforms are used to
connect the other associated functions to
the main building
It is an example of compact planning where
all the functions are incorporated in one
building . The studios are stacked in a
stepped manner with faculty , seminar
rooms etc. wrapping around the two sides
LINKAGE Corridors are used as linkages Stepped courtyard acts as a source of linkage
between various functions
Linkage achieved through open stair cases
STANDARDS GUIDELINE BY COA & INFRENCES
Minimum standards of Architectural Education 2008, prescribed by COA.
Desirable Activity Spaces
1. Canteen
2. Tuck shop / Stationary Shop
3. Reprography Section
4. Open air theatre with stage
5. Permanent Exhibition space
6. Provision for outdoor sports facility
Recommended Labs:
1. Climatology/ Environment*
2. Surveying*
3. Materials Testing
4. Electrical
5. Plumbing and Sanitation
6. Lighting/ Illumination
7. Acoustics
Recommended Workshops
1. Model making*
2. Carpentry*
3. Metal craft
B: LIBRARY FACILITIES
 Minimum 300 books on subjects of Architecture
shall be available in the library for the intake of 40
(including minimum 100 titles)
 Add 150 books on subjects of Architecture (including
minimum 50 titles) for every additional intake of 40.
 From second year onwards, minimum 150 books on
subjects of Architecture (including minimum 50
titles) for every year per intake of 40.
EQUIPMENT AND FURNITURE:
Every School should have adequate Furniture in terms of
Drafting Tables and Stools, Bench Desks, Chairs Tables,
Storage facilities, etc. based on the sanctioned Intake.
Audio Visual equipment and Digital aids should be
adequate in number so as to meet the contemporary
needs.
The Laboratory Equipment shall be as per the
requirement of Curriculum.
Suggested Equipment for Labs
Surveying: Measuring tapes, Dumpy level, Theodolite,
Ranging rods, etc. OR Total station
Climate: Thermometers, Rain gauge, Wind cock, Sun orbit
table, etc.
Material testing: Universal testing machine, Concrete
block moulds, etc.
Workshop: Tables with vice, Carpentry tools, Mason’s
tools, etc.
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SUBMITTED BY :ABHIJEET ROY ROLL NO : 1130101002
PROJECT GUIDE: AR. SHUBHASHISH CHAUDHURY
B.ARCH THESIS CASE STUDY
BABU BANARASIDAS UNIVERSITY B.B.D.U.