This case presentation describes a 64-year-old female patient who visited the laboratory for requested tests and encountered discrepant results between two laboratories for her intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level. The receptionist failed to record the patient's drug history, including her use of biotin supplements. After initial testing found low iPTH, total calcium, and alkaline phosphatase levels consistent with adynamic bone disease, a second laboratory found a significantly higher iPTH level. The laboratory investigated potential pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical errors and determined biotin interference affected the iPTH assay, providing a falsely low result. The case highlights the importance of thorough history taking including medication
In the continuous quality journey, Controlling laboratory Errors is an integral part & focusing on analytical, post-analytical process is the first step. Developing a reporting culture followed by thorough analysis and implementation of appropriate corrective, preventive actions is required.
Clinical laboratory total quality management (TQM) systemTapeshwar Yadav
Generally, management can be defined as “an ongoing process that seeks to achieve the objectives of an organization in the most efficient ways possible”.
Only sound management of quality in health laboratories will enable countries to produce test results that the international community will trust in cases of international emergency.
Medical laboratory work is composed of the technical activities that produce laboratory results for patient care and the management activities that support the technical work.
It is the job of the laboratory technical staff to perform pre-analytic activities, analytic activities and post analytic activities that transforms a clinician’s order for a laboratory test.
In the continuous quality journey, Controlling laboratory Errors is an integral part & focusing on analytical, post-analytical process is the first step. Developing a reporting culture followed by thorough analysis and implementation of appropriate corrective, preventive actions is required.
Clinical laboratory total quality management (TQM) systemTapeshwar Yadav
Generally, management can be defined as “an ongoing process that seeks to achieve the objectives of an organization in the most efficient ways possible”.
Only sound management of quality in health laboratories will enable countries to produce test results that the international community will trust in cases of international emergency.
Medical laboratory work is composed of the technical activities that produce laboratory results for patient care and the management activities that support the technical work.
It is the job of the laboratory technical staff to perform pre-analytic activities, analytic activities and post analytic activities that transforms a clinician’s order for a laboratory test.
Quality in clinical laboratory is a continuous journey of improving processes through team work, innovative solutions, regulatory compliance with final objective to meet the evolving needs of clinicians & patients.
Preanalytical quality control practices in clinical laboratoryDr. Rajesh Bendre
Preanalytical variables contribute maximally to lab errors. However, these variables are most difficult to control as they include human dependency for phlebotomy skills & pretest patient conditioning. Quantifying & monitoring these variables is also more challenging. Use of checklists, continuous training, competency assessments, internal audits & clinician education for appropriate test utilization form some of the tools for improving the preanalytical processes.
Understand guidelines for documentation, collecting documentation, types of r...Vamsi kumar
Understand guidelines for documentation, collecting documentation, types of records in a laboratory set up, uses and importance of records, essential requirement of records
Validation of lab instruments and quantitative test methods Mostafa Mahmoud
This lecture shows the procedures applied when going to validate your laboratory instruments and quantitative test methods also either FDA approved or laboratory developed tests.
Purpose of a LIMS is to improve lab efficiency and accuracy by reducing manual operations. A LIMS system will perform a range of core functions. These include - Workflow management,
Record keeping, Inventory management, Reporting.
There will be differences between various LIMS systems, such as mobile-access, customization options and the level of technical support provided.
Quality in clinical laboratory is a continuous journey of improving processes through team work, innovative solutions, regulatory compliance with final objective to meet the evolving needs of clinicians & patients.
Preanalytical quality control practices in clinical laboratoryDr. Rajesh Bendre
Preanalytical variables contribute maximally to lab errors. However, these variables are most difficult to control as they include human dependency for phlebotomy skills & pretest patient conditioning. Quantifying & monitoring these variables is also more challenging. Use of checklists, continuous training, competency assessments, internal audits & clinician education for appropriate test utilization form some of the tools for improving the preanalytical processes.
Understand guidelines for documentation, collecting documentation, types of r...Vamsi kumar
Understand guidelines for documentation, collecting documentation, types of records in a laboratory set up, uses and importance of records, essential requirement of records
Validation of lab instruments and quantitative test methods Mostafa Mahmoud
This lecture shows the procedures applied when going to validate your laboratory instruments and quantitative test methods also either FDA approved or laboratory developed tests.
Purpose of a LIMS is to improve lab efficiency and accuracy by reducing manual operations. A LIMS system will perform a range of core functions. These include - Workflow management,
Record keeping, Inventory management, Reporting.
There will be differences between various LIMS systems, such as mobile-access, customization options and the level of technical support provided.
Lab Results Interpretation for Pharmacist A.NouriAhmed Nouri
PHARMACISTS dealing with LAB RESULTS reading, each pharmacist needs to have the basic knowledge regarding lab results and how to deal with it . Ahmed Nouri, PharmD
Are laboratory tests always needed frequency and causes of laboratory overu...Hossamaldin Alzawawi
This article is discussing the importance of monitoring clinical laboratory resource utilization and how the team has implemented a monitor system to assess clinical laboratory resource overuse.
IDENTIFYING PARATHYROID HORMONE DISORDERS AND ITS PHENOTYPES THROUGH A BONE H...Hussain Karimi
A retrospective analysis of biochemical parameters in bone health screening panel (BHSP) was conducted. The low and high cut offs were applied to determine hypo functioning and hyper functioning conditions related to parathyroid hormone. Clinical phenotypes of parathyroid gland abnormalities were made by using combination of levels of calcium, vitamin D and iPTH. PTH nomogram defined by Harvey et al was applied to calculate max expected PTH for existing level of 25OHD. Medical records of patients were reviewed for clinical validation of biochemical findings.
Quantum Medical Update is a CME initiative produced by the in-house clinical team of Quantum Diagnostics. This monthly newsletter is in-line with our commitment to better service our doctors.
Effect of hydrocortisone on development of shock amongDr fakhir Raza
effects of hydrocortisone on development of shock among patients with severe sepsis the HYPRESS Randomized Clinical Trial American Medical Association caring for the critically ill patients Surviving sepsis campaign, to determine weather hydrocortisone therapy in patients with severe sepsis prevents the development of septic shock
Point of Care Testing (POCT) refers to medical testing that is conducted outside of a laboratory setting, typically near or at the location of a patient. This can include testing in a physician's office, at home, in the field, or in a hospital room. POCT is usually performed using portable, handheld, or small benchtop devices. Here are some main features and advantages of POCT:
Convenience and Speed: Since POCT can be done at or near the patient's location, it eliminates the need to send samples to a lab and wait for the results. This can result in quicker diagnosis and treatment.
Immediate Decision Making: With instant results, healthcare providers can make immediate decisions about a patient's care, leading to improved patient outcomes.
Reduced Costs: While some POCT devices can be expensive, they may reduce overall healthcare costs by shortening hospital stays, reducing the number of follow-up visits, and preventing complications.
Simplicity: Many POCT devices are designed to be user-friendly, allowing non-laboratory personnel or even patients themselves to conduct tests.
Connectivity: Modern POCT devices often come with connectivity options, enabling the integration of test results into electronic health records.
Versatility: There's a wide range of tests available for POCT, from blood glucose testing to rapid strep tests and coagulation tests.
However, it's also important to note some challenges with POCT:
Quality Control: Ensuring the accuracy and reliability of POCT results can be challenging, especially if tests are being conducted by non-laboratory personnel.
Cost: Some advanced POCT devices can be costly, and there may be additional costs associated with training and quality control.
Regulation and Oversight: Because POCT is performed outside of the traditional lab setting, there can be challenges related to oversight, regulation, and ensuring that tests meet necessary standards.
In summary, while POCT offers many advantages in terms of speed and convenience, it's essential to ensure that tests are accurate, reliable, and meet necessary standards.
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in India play a crucial role in the detection and management of various diseases, including infectious diseases like malaria, dengue, and more recently, COVID-19. Here's an overview of RDTs in India:
Importance in Disease Management: In a vast and diverse country like India, with varied healthcare infrastructure across its regions, RDTs provide a quick and effective way to diagnose diseases, especially in remote areas where sophisticated laboratory setups might not be available.
Malaria and Dengue Detection: RDTs for malaria (based on the detection of antigens produced by malaria parasites) and dengue (based on the detection of dengue NS1 antigen and anti-dengue antibodies) are widely used. They offer results in less than
Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) in India play a crucial role in the quick detection and diagnosis of various diseases. They are espec
In modern medicine, doctors rely heavily on diagnostic testing to assist them with patient
management, making or excluding diagnosis and implementing an appropriate treatment plan.
It is therefore important that the laboratory produces quality test results. As laboratory testing
errors mainly occur outside the analytical process, they are likely to span the current branches or
subspecialties of laboratory medicine, including clinical biochemistry, hematology, coagulation,
immunometric and molecular biology. Inappropriateness of the samples especially due to blood
drawing errors generally occurs when the blood samples are drawn by nurses whose experiences
and training are not sufficient for blood drawing in clinics comparing to the phlebotomists who
are a group of more stable staff. Inappropriate laboratory utilization ultimately increases healthcare
costs, harms patients and perpetuates the vision of laboratory testing as a commodity. The paper
highlights the various factors affecting laboratory results some that can be controlled by training and
learning while others that arise out of biological variations thus non modifiable.
Back to the Bedside: Internal Medicine Bedside Ultrasound ProgramAllina Health
David Tierney, MD. How bedside ultrasound is changing the practice of medicine and how Abbott Northwestern Hospital has become a national leader in integrating bedside ultrasound in its Internal Medicine Residency Program. "As internal medicine physicians, we are finding that everything we do with our hands, eyes and stethoscopes can be done a little better with ultrasound. That means our physical exam, which we consider our bread and butter, has more sensitivity and specificity. This gives us better diagnostic ability and results in earlier and more appropriate treatment."
Slides on medical laboratory testing process and pre-analytical factors that might contribute to laboratory errors and sample rejection, and how to prevent it.
Similar to Case presentation (lab analytical quality assurance problem ) (20)
(MS) is an analytical technique that produces spectra (singular spectrum) of the masses of the atoms or molecules comprising a sample of material. The spectra are used to determine the elemental or isotopic signature of a sample, the masses of particles and of molecules, and to elucidate the chemical structures of molecules, such as peptides and other chemical compounds,so it is considered one f the very important diagnostic analytical techniques .
Key performance indicators selection and implementationRania Elsharkawy
The quality indicators are one of the effective tools that monitors the performance ; selecting the indicator then checking it's validity and reliability is very crucial in effective indicator system implementation
Case presentation ( lab investigations of congenital anomalies )Rania Elsharkawy
Congenital anomalies are very hard to detect by the lab investigations ,proper lab investigations and assessment is a challenge and this case is one of the challenges.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
3. How can we achieve good laboratory
practice?
1.
A 64 year-old female went to the laboratory to perform the
investigations requested from a referring doctor.
2.
She went in to the registration unit
3.
The receptionist asked the patient to fill the registration form ,
the patient was illiterate so the receptionist tried to help the
patient and she asked for the following data:
4. History taking
(1) Full name of the patient
(2) Age
(3) Telephone and Address of the patient
(4) Referring doctor name and address (contact)
(5) History of chronic illness
(6) History of surgeries
(7) Requested analytical tests ( fasting hours)
5. How can we achieve good laboratory practice?
What information did she
forget to take from the
patient?
6. How can we achieve good laboratory practice?
The patient is suffering from chronic renal failure
(dialysis) and the doctor requested the following
investigations:
1. Total calcium level
2. Alkaline phosphatase
3. Intact parathyroid hormone
7. How can we achieve good laboratory practice?
Sampling unit
(1)The phlebotomist took the sample
following accurate sampling procedure
(2)The sample was transported to the
central laboratory for processing
8. The patient returned back to the laboratory
complaining from discrepancy between both laboratory
results?
How Can the lab
ASSURES THE PATIENT SATISFACTION
together with
Identifying the source of error
9. Laboratory results
Total calcium level
10.3 mg/dL (reference interval 8.4-10.5 mg/dL) Total calcium level
10.3 mg/dL (reference interval 8.4-10.5 mg/dL)
Alkaline phosphatase
160 U/L (reference range 30-120 U/l . Mild increase in activity)
Intact Parathyroid hormone level were low
40pg/ml (16-87 pg/ml)
10. Immediately after withdrawing the sample the
patient went to another laboratory to repeat
the investigations
All the results were comparable except for the
PTH it was significantly higher
500 pg/ml
11. How can we achieve good laboratory
practice?
What might occur in this process that may
affect the next process?
12. This is a problem that may face any
laboratory
Why is the best approach to this problem?
Where is the problem?
How can the laboratory be confident about his results?
13. What is the best practice to this problem?
Ensure your customer satisfaction
by settling a firm, well
communicated patient complaint
handling policy?
14. What is the best practice to this problem?
Contact his doctor to gather full clinical
information about the patient`s
condition
Here comes the importance of the doctor
name and contact
15. What is the clinical interpretation of this case?
•
PTH functions to maintain serum calcium concentrations within a tight
physiologic range
• Patients with chronic renal failure develop secondary hyperparathyroidism owing
to decreased renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, decreased Ca and
hyperphosphatemia.
•These derangements in mineral metabolism stimulate PTH production to raise
serum calcium and promote phosphorus excretion.
• Increased serum PTH leads to excessive bone resorption through stimulation of
osteoblasts and osteoclasts
16. What is the clinical interpretation of this case?
•The combination of secondary hyperparathyroidism and mineralization defects
(osteomalacia) represents the most common form of renal osteodystrophy
(ROD).
•Subtype of ROD known as adynamic bone disease can be observed in the
setting of prolonged peritoneal or hemodialysis, over suppression of PTH with
calcitriol or calcium-based phosphate binders, or the use of bisphosphonates for
osteoporosis treatment
• Common biochemical hallmarks of ABD include hypercalcemia, low or
inappropriately normal PTH concentrations, and reduced markers of bone
turnover (e.g., alkaline phosphatase)
17. The laboratory findings
Are consistent with
Renal osteodestrophy as regards:
Borderline Calcium level
Increased alkaline phosphatase
Decreased iPTH
What is not with ROD?
18. The laboratory findings which
Are consistent with
Adynamic bone disease as regards:
Borderline Calcium level (towards hypercalcemia)
Decreased iPTH
Increased alkaline phosphatase
( it should be low due to decreased bone turnover)
What is not with ABD
19. This is a problem that may face any
laboratory
Why is the best approach to this problem?
Where is the problem?
How can the laboratory be confident about his
20.
21. Where is the problem?
The problem has to be investigated systematically
(1) Pre-analytical
(2) Analytical
(3) Postanalytical
22. Incidence of pre-analytical variables 46-68.7%
97
Exclude the following:
•Patient related variables (drug history
2% of errors)
•Specimen related variables
www.westgard.com/guest20.htm
23. How can we achieve good laboratory
practice?
What information did she forget to take
from the patients?
24. How can we achieve good laboratory practice?
History taking
(1) Full name of the patient
(2) Age
(3) Telephone and Address of the patient
(4) Referring doctor name and address (contact)
(5) History of chronic illness
(6) History of surgeries
(7) Requested analytical tests (preparation)
25. The drug history………..
•
The patient is receiving 10 mg /day biotin
•
Biotin has been reported to improve symptoms of
encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy in patients with
RF and undergoing hemodialysis
•
Also she is taking Ca based phosphate binders
•
Vitamin D
26. How can we achieve good laboratory practice?
Sampling & transportation processes
(4) sample can be stored at 2-8C for 8h
after collection or longer stored up to 2
month in – 20C.
27. What are the possible causes of
error in the sampling and
transportation processes?
28. Incidence of pre-analytical variables 46-68.7%
97
Exclude the following:f
•Patient related variables (drug history
2% of errors)
•Specimen related variables
www.westgard.com/guest20.htm
29. How can we achieve good laboratory practice?
Sampling & transportation processes
(1) Morning sample was taken(nocturnal rise)
(2) EDTA (filled to the desired mark on the tube as excess
EDTA will interfere with the assay causing false decrease )or
serum sample could be taken .
(3) Rapid collection and separation of the sample using
refrigerated centrifuge to keep the sample at 2-8C.
30.
31. How can we achieve good laboratory practice?
Analytical process
1.
2.
3.
Revise the reference interval & validation of the method
Apply acceptance , rejection criteria
Reconstitute the control or adjustor vial with accurate amount of distilled
water using calibrated pipette and should be put in ice in between swirling.
4.
Introduce the control, judge on the control
5.
Introduce sample
32. How can we achieve good laboratory
practice?
Analytical process
(5) Verify the result
(6) Release the report
33. The principle of the method in our laboratory
A biotinylated anti-PTH monoclonal antibody and a ruthenium-labeled antiPTH monoclonal antibody form a sandwich complex with PTH
After which streptavidin-coated microparticles are added to magnetically
separate out the sandwich complex via biotin and streptavidin interaction
Specimens with high concentrations of biotin may prevent the
binding of the sandwich complex to the streptavidin-coated micro
particles, thus giving falsely low signals
34. The principle of the method in our
laboratory
Biotin is recognized as a potential interferent in PTH and
other assays that uses the same method, and it is
recommended in the product insert that samples from
patients receiving high biotin doses of >5 mg/day be
collected at least 8 h after biotin administration
35. HOW CAN THE LAB verify the error ?
•Using another method (importance of backup plans)
• To confirm the interfering role of biotin , iPTH concentration were measured
in two labs after the patient stopped taking the drug for 2 weeks (both results
were the same)
•Recovery experiment using both normal and increased i PTH levels
.
36. Figure 1. Effect of biotin on serum intact PTH concentrations determined using our method.
Percent recovery was calculated as the ratio of PTH concentration after the addition of biotin at
various concentrations (sigma –Aldrich) (5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 µg/L) to the samples.( solid diamond
indicates normal level& solid square indicates increased level)
37. This is a problem that may face any laboratory
Why is the best approach to this problem?
Where is the problem?
How can the laboratory be confident about his results?
38. Incidence of analytical errors 7-13%
Confirm the following
Validation of method
IQC results
EQAS results
Uncertainty of measurements
Total allowable error
•Revise your reference interval or establish…
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39. Incidence of Post-analytical variables
18-47%
Confirm the following:
Error in recording
Errors in reporting
Errors in interpretations???(role of lab doctors)
www.westgard.com/guest20.htm
41. Data collection period
I year
1 year
1 year
No. of tests
997 000
600 000
40 490
No. of patients
249 000
160 714
10 000
120
180
189
0.05% of patients
0.11% of patients
0.47% of test results
Preanalytical phase
31.6%
55.6%
68.2%
Analytical phase
31.6%
13.3% overall
(4.4% if referral laboratory
13.3%
Postanalytical phase
30.8%
30%
18.5%
No. of errors
Frequency
Mulitiple phases
6%
42. Finally……….
Define the processes
The lab should standardize its operating procedures according to national or
international standards..
Put a control measures to each process.
Standardize the laboratory error detection program.
Using (process analysis, audit , questionnaires , and collection of complaints)
Accurate analysis of the errors
43. Finally……….
Define ways to decrease laboratory errors and to possibly avoid
completely those with a real or potentially significant negative
effect on a patient’s health.
And here starts the improvement that should
never ends………………
Editor's Notes
Currently innovative techniques and equipment ARE AVAILABLE AND BEING PRODUCED have changed a lot of the conventional implant procedures like:
CAD/CAM technology has changed a lot of our conventional prosthetic and restorative procedures
CAD/CAM technology has currently changed conventional dental implant procedures
What also made a great difference in the prosthetic part of the dental implant procedure is the great advancement in the all ceramic CAD/CAM technology.