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CARBON
NANOTUBES
BY
AQIB REHMAN
STUDYING IN 2ND YEAR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ME -19058
Assigned By Dr TARIQ JAMIL
1
CONTENTS
 INTRODUCING NANO-TECHNOLOGY
 WHAT IS CARBON NANOTUBE
 STRUCTURE OF CARBON NANOTUBE
 CLASSIFICATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES
 PROPERTIES OF CARBON NANOTUBES
 APPLICATIONS
 CONCLUSION
2
INTRODUCING NANOTECHNOLOGY
• Nanotechnology is a field of research and innovation concerned with
building 'things' - generally, materials and devices - on the scale of
atoms and molecules.
• A nano metre is one-billionth of a metre: ten times the diameter of a
hydrogen atom. The diameter of a human hair is, on average, 80,000
nano metres.
• This Technology is also
Used in Medical (to treat
Diseases and prevent
Health issues) as well as
Engineering. 3
CARBON NANOTUBE
• Carbon nanotubes were discovered by japanese physicist Sumio
Ligima in 1991. and have thickness 1-3nm length upto µm.
• When 2D Graphite sheets (Graphine) are rolled up so are
Converted into tube like, cylindrical like structure called
Carbon nanotube.
OR
• Tube shaped material made of carbon (Allotrope
Graphite) having diameter measured in Nanometre
Scale.
4
STRUCTURE OF CARBON NAOTUBE
5
• In CNT’s each Carbon atom is bounded to 3 other carbon atoms
through covalent bond and forms alattice in the shape of hexagons.
• The carbon in carbon nanotube is sp2 hybridized.
CLASSIFICATIONOF CARBONNANOTUBES
• Depending upon the way in which graphite sheets are rolled
there are 2 types of CNT’s formed.
1. single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs)
2. Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)
6
SINGLEWALLEDCARBONNANOTUBE
• SWNTs is single folding of thick layer graphene sheet
• The SWNT is further divided into 3 types
a) Zig zag
b) Armchair
c) Chiral or helical
These 3 types of SWCNT are
formed by folding of graphene
sheet in 3 different ways.
7
MULTI WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE
• MWCNTs consist of multiple rolled layer (concentric tubes) of
graphite.
• It is further divided into 2 types
a) Russian dol
b) Parchment
8
PROPERTIES
• carbon nanotubes are hardest material than diamond and have density of ¼
as that of density of steel and it is 10 ties stronger than steel.
• Carbon nanotube exhibit extra ordinary mechanical properties.
• Carbon nanotube are strongest, flexible and stiffest materials yet discovered
in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus , up to average 1.3Tpa for
young module.
• Carbon nano tube can be bent at large angles and restraightened without
any damage. This flexibility decreases by increasing diameter.
9
APPLICATIONS
• Breast cancer tumor destruction
• Wind mill blades
• Filtration
• Air craft stress reduction
• Solar cells
• Energy storage
• Sensors
• Composite materials 10
CONCLUSION
 CNT opened up a host of new applications and improved our
comprehense of nano scale material.
 Remarkable properties of CNT play an important role in
toward minimizing size of devices.
 CNT is predicted to spark series of industrial revolutions in the
next decade.
 Lack of purification is main reason that CNT are not used
widely but soon this will be overcommed.
“The next big thing is really small” 11
QUIZ
Q1: Who discovered carbon nanotube?
Q2: Multi walled carbon nanotube are further divided into ?
Q3 : chiral vector representation of Armchair is?
Q4 : which type of hybridization is formed in carbon nanotube?
12
13

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Carbon Nanotube

  • 1. CARBON NANOTUBES BY AQIB REHMAN STUDYING IN 2ND YEAR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ME -19058 Assigned By Dr TARIQ JAMIL 1
  • 2. CONTENTS  INTRODUCING NANO-TECHNOLOGY  WHAT IS CARBON NANOTUBE  STRUCTURE OF CARBON NANOTUBE  CLASSIFICATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES  PROPERTIES OF CARBON NANOTUBES  APPLICATIONS  CONCLUSION 2
  • 3. INTRODUCING NANOTECHNOLOGY • Nanotechnology is a field of research and innovation concerned with building 'things' - generally, materials and devices - on the scale of atoms and molecules. • A nano metre is one-billionth of a metre: ten times the diameter of a hydrogen atom. The diameter of a human hair is, on average, 80,000 nano metres. • This Technology is also Used in Medical (to treat Diseases and prevent Health issues) as well as Engineering. 3
  • 4. CARBON NANOTUBE • Carbon nanotubes were discovered by japanese physicist Sumio Ligima in 1991. and have thickness 1-3nm length upto µm. • When 2D Graphite sheets (Graphine) are rolled up so are Converted into tube like, cylindrical like structure called Carbon nanotube. OR • Tube shaped material made of carbon (Allotrope Graphite) having diameter measured in Nanometre Scale. 4
  • 5. STRUCTURE OF CARBON NAOTUBE 5 • In CNT’s each Carbon atom is bounded to 3 other carbon atoms through covalent bond and forms alattice in the shape of hexagons. • The carbon in carbon nanotube is sp2 hybridized.
  • 6. CLASSIFICATIONOF CARBONNANOTUBES • Depending upon the way in which graphite sheets are rolled there are 2 types of CNT’s formed. 1. single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) 2. Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) 6
  • 7. SINGLEWALLEDCARBONNANOTUBE • SWNTs is single folding of thick layer graphene sheet • The SWNT is further divided into 3 types a) Zig zag b) Armchair c) Chiral or helical These 3 types of SWCNT are formed by folding of graphene sheet in 3 different ways. 7
  • 8. MULTI WALLED CARBON NANOTUBE • MWCNTs consist of multiple rolled layer (concentric tubes) of graphite. • It is further divided into 2 types a) Russian dol b) Parchment 8
  • 9. PROPERTIES • carbon nanotubes are hardest material than diamond and have density of ¼ as that of density of steel and it is 10 ties stronger than steel. • Carbon nanotube exhibit extra ordinary mechanical properties. • Carbon nanotube are strongest, flexible and stiffest materials yet discovered in terms of tensile strength and elastic modulus , up to average 1.3Tpa for young module. • Carbon nano tube can be bent at large angles and restraightened without any damage. This flexibility decreases by increasing diameter. 9
  • 10. APPLICATIONS • Breast cancer tumor destruction • Wind mill blades • Filtration • Air craft stress reduction • Solar cells • Energy storage • Sensors • Composite materials 10
  • 11. CONCLUSION  CNT opened up a host of new applications and improved our comprehense of nano scale material.  Remarkable properties of CNT play an important role in toward minimizing size of devices.  CNT is predicted to spark series of industrial revolutions in the next decade.  Lack of purification is main reason that CNT are not used widely but soon this will be overcommed. “The next big thing is really small” 11
  • 12. QUIZ Q1: Who discovered carbon nanotube? Q2: Multi walled carbon nanotube are further divided into ? Q3 : chiral vector representation of Armchair is? Q4 : which type of hybridization is formed in carbon nanotube? 12
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