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Carbon Nanotechnology
- 1. Sushovan Dalui (15/BT/31) Department of Biotechnology Haldia Institure of Technology Carbon Nanotechnology: Some allotropes beyond graphite and diamond
- 5. It deals with dimensions and tolerances of less than 100 nanometres, especially the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules. A human hair is approximately 80,000- 100,000 nanometres wide. Source:https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://midwoodscience.
- 7. Allotropes
- 8. Bucky paperGraphine Fullerene Carbon Nanotube Carbon Allotropes
- 9. Fullerene Richard Smally Robert Curl Harry Kroto Source:https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://midwoodscience.
- 10. A fullerene is a molecule of carbon in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, tube, and many other shapes. Spherical fullerenes, also referred to as Buckminster fullerenes or Bucky balls. Source:https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://midwoodscience.
- 12. Properties: •High Tensile Strength •High Electrical Conductivity •High Ductility •High Heat Conductivity •Relatively Less Chemical Activity(Having no exposed atoms)
- 13. Applications •Fullerenes can be made to be absorbed by HeLa cells. • The C60 derivatives can be delivered to the cells by using the functional groups L-phenylalanine, folic acid, and L-arginine among others. •Functionalizing the fullerenes aims to increase the solubility of the molecule by the cancer cells. Source:https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://midwoodscience.
- 15. Properties: Graphene is an allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in an hexagonal lattice. •It is the strongest material ever tested •Efficiently conducts heat •Efficiently conducts electricity •Graphene shows a large and nonlinear diamagnetism.
- 16. Applications: •In 2015 graphene was used to create biosensors with epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide. The sensors bind to 8- hydroxydeoxyguanosine(8-OHdG) and is capable of selective binding with antibodies •In 2016 uncoated graphene was shown to serve as a neuro- interface electrode without altering or damaging properties such as signal strength or formation of scar tissue. Source:https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://midwoodscience.
- 18. Buckypaper is a thin sheet made from an aggregate of carbon particles or carbon grid paper.
- 19. Properties:
- 21. Carbon Nanotubes A carbon nanotube is a tube-shaped material, made of carbon, having a diameter measuring on the nanometer scale. A nanometer is about 10,000 times smaller than a human hair. CNT are unique because the bonding between the atoms is very strong and the tubes can have extreme aspect ratios.
- 22. Carbon Nanotubes
- 23. Properties: •Hollow Cylindrical Structure •Stable at room temperature •Semiconducting •Strongest Material •Crystalline Source:https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://midwoodscience.
- 24. Applications •Sports Equipment: CNT is widely used in sports gears such as tennis racquets, hockey sticks, fishing rods, bicycle frames, etc. Carbon fiber containing up to 75% carbon is used in personal items like wallets and backpacks. •Body Armour: Carbon nanotubes are said to have the strength of diamond, and potential uses include weaving them into clothes to create combat jackets, and stab-proof and bulletproof clothing. The nanotubes would effectively stop the bullet from penetrating the body.
- 25. Applications •Gene Therapy and Cancer Therapy: Carbon nanotubes can be used to target tumours and as multifunctional biological transporters, and near-infrared agents for selective cancer cell destruction. Carbon nanotubes have been proposed as a possible gene delivery vehicle and for use in combination with radiofrequency fields to destroy cancer cells. •Drug Delivery: Carbon nanotubes can be used as a vessel for transporting drugs into the body. The nanotube could effectively localize the distribution and hence lower the dosage of the drug.
- 27. Applications Biosensors: Nanotubes forming an electrically conducting network embedded within orthopaedic plates, clamps, and screws, and in bone grafts can help determine the state of bone healing. It allows the doctor to accurately assess healing. CNT biosensors can also be used for ultrasensitive glucose detection. Source:https://www.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://midwoodscience.
- 28. • Analysts say the global market for manufactured goods using nanomaterials could hit $5.4 trillion by 2020. • L’Oreal have developed nanosize vesicles called nanosomes. They are used to transport active ingrediants such as pure vitamin E through the skin. • The longest carbon nanotubes grown so far are 550 mm long(1/2 m)
- 30. References •S Iijima, Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature, Vol.354, p.6348, pp.56–58, 7 November 1991. •This Month in Physics History: October 22, 2004: Discovery of Graphene, APS News, Series II, Vol.18, No.9, p.2, 2009. •S Gullapalli, M S Wong, Nanotechnology: A Guide to Nano-Objects (PDF), Chemical Engineering Progress, Vol.107, No.5, pp.2832, 2011. •P Surabhi, From Carbon To Bucky Paper, Resonance- Journal of Science Education, Vol.22, Issue 3, pp 257-268, March 2017
- 31. Thank You