Carbon fiber is a form of graphite made from pure carbon atoms arranged in sheets of hexagonal rings. It is made by heating rayon or polyacrylonitrile fiber to high temperatures. Carbon fiber is classified based on its properties, precursor materials, and heat treatment temperature. It has high strength and stiffness but low density, making it useful for applications in aerospace, transportation, machinery, and more due to its light weight and durability.

1. Carbon fiber

2. Carbon Fibre
------ Submitted By ----
Tanvir Ahmed
ID: 12132107060
8th Intake
Section:02
BUBT

3. Carbon fiber:
Carbon fiber is from of graphite. Graphite is from of
pure carbon. In graphite carbon atoms are arranged into
big sheets of hexagonal aromatic rings.

4. Carbon fiber made by heating rayon or polyacrylonitrile
fiber to appropriate temperatures.
Engineers and designers love it because of its five times
as strong as steel, two times as stiff, weights about two
thirds less.

5. Classification of carbon fiber:
Based on modulus, strength, heat treatment temperature,
carbon fiber can be classified into the following
categories:
1.Based on carbon fiber properties,
2.Based on precursor fiber materials,
3.Based on fiber treatment temperature.

6. Based on carbon fiber properties:
1. Ultra high modulus, type UHM(modulus>450Gpa)
2. High modulus, type HM (modulus 350-450 Gpa)
3. Intermediate modulus, type IM (modulus 200 -350
Gpa)
4. Low modulus high tensile, type HT (modulus< 100
Gpa, tensile strength> 3Gpa )
5. Super high tensile, type SHT ( tensile strength > 4.5
Gpa)

7. Based on precursor fiber materials:
1. PAN based carbon fiber,
2. Pitch based carbon fiber,
3. Mesophased pitch based carbon fiber,
4. Isotropic pitch based carbon fiber,
5. Rayon based carbon fiber,
6. Gas phase grown carbon fiber.

8. Based on fiber treatment temperature:
1. High heat treatment carbon fiber, HTT (temperature
should be above 2000°C )
2. Intermediate heat treatment carbon fiber, IHT
(temperature above 1500°C)
3. Low heat treatment carbon fiber, LHT (temperature
above 1000°C)

9. Manufacturing process:

11. Carbon fiber properties:
Physical properties:
Tenacity: 1.8- 2.4 KNmm².
Density : 1.95 gm.cc.
Elongation break : o.5%
Resiliency : not good
Elasticity : not good
Moisture regain : 0%
Ability to protest heat : good
Color : black
Friction : good
Luster : like silly

12. Chemical properties :
Effect on bleaching : sodium hypochlorite slightly
oxidized carbon fiber.
Effect of sun light : do not change
Protection against flame : excellent.
Protection against insects : do not harm carbon fiber

13. Application or uses of carbon fiber:

14. Two main application of carbon fibers are in specialized
technology, which includes aerospace and nuclear
engineering ,and in the general engineering and
transportations.
o Aerospace, road and marine transport, sports goods.
o Missile , aircraft brakes, large telescopes.
o Audio equipment, loudspeakers for hi fi equipment.
o Automobile hoods, novel tooling,
o Medical application.
o Textile machinery .
o Chemical industry.

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