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Car seat design for driver satisfaction
The document discusses the importance of seat design for driver satisfaction, highlighting that while seat quality has improved, satisfaction remains low due to issues with fit and comfort for various body sizes and postures. It emphasizes the use of digital human models and patented designs to enhance ergonomic features and optimize seating for diverse driver preferences. Ultimately, the conclusion is that effective seat design should accommodate all sitting preferences to improve driver satisfaction.
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Car seat design for driver satisfaction
- 1. Seat Design for DriverSatisfaction Mac Reynolds, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus, Michigan State University CEO, ERL LLC
- 2. Today, cars designedand built for quality, appearance and performance.
- 3. J. D. Power(2012) reports, Seat Quality at Historical High; Seat Satisfaction Low.
- 4. Heater Lumbar J. D. Power also found CONTENT makes seats better, not satisfactory. Leather Bolsters
- 5.
- 6. Seats, Sitting &Satisfaction • Seat position satisfies body size. • Drivers dissatisfied with sitting postures. • Seat satisfaction meets driver preferences.
- 7. Evolution of driver 1893 seat design 2012
- 8. 19th Century Seats Passenger Comfort Driver controls horses!
- 9. Source most usefulfor seat design and development? (LinkedIn Survey) Experience 15 (48%) Consumer surveys 6 (19%) Driver ride tests 2 ( 6%) DHM software 5 (16%) Other 3 (10%) Seats designed 73% from experience with iterative prototypes.
- 10. Drivers evaluate carseats!
- 11. Who are thedrivers? • Engineers in prototype seats • Press in production vehicles • Owners in production vehicles
- 12. Small Female Expertin Production Vehicle says, “…cushion - a little long …head rest - a little hard to move, orientation bad …too close to steering wheel …back rest lateral too low and are pushing my arms” Comfort Score: 3.5/5.0
- 13. Digital Human Model(DHM) in Production Vehicle says, Virtual output: Cushion too long; Head restraint too close; SW too close; Seatback wings wide; Cushion wide; Pedal too far Comfort Score 3.65/5.0 US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 14. Can Seat Designin CAD with DHMs improve Basic Seat Design? US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 15. Seat Design forDriver Satisfaction Seat must accommodate variation in drivers’ body size and preferred sitting postures.
- 16. Seat Design inCAD Size Stiffness Sitting Surface on seat frame for all occupants. Shape US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 17. Designer creates surface forstyle and comfort. US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 18. Engineer designs HeadRestraint for safety and comfort. Small Head Female Restraint FMVSS 202a US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 19. Design Seat for DriverSatisfaction Comfort Score = 9.4/10.0 US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 20. Models for SeatSatisfaction • Virtual Driver (DHM) • Virtual Sitting Surface • Virtual Car Interior • Drivers’ Comfort • Optimization
- 21. Body Size &Back Posture Small Medium Large Vision Personal “Oscar” Sitting Preference Space US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 22. Driver’s Sitting Structures Anatomical 4th Chest vertebra Landmarks 8th Chest vertebra 4th Lumbar 4th Lumbar Hip Thigh Pelvic CG Ischium Deflected Tissue Shape US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 23. All Driver Landmarks define9 Sitting Surfaces Head 1 Shoulders (T4) 2 Chest (T8) 3 Lumbar (L4) 4 Front of Buttocks (Hip) Thigh 5 Thigh CG Pelvis 6 (IT) 7 8 Load-Bearing Landmarks (L) 9 Contact and Space Landmarks(C) US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 24. Size, Weight &Posture of all 9 DHMs define Seat Surface Seat Surface Body Weight Deflection 9 IT Cross Sections US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 25. Seat Designed for Variation in Driving Postures Reach Seat US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 26. Seat Designed forErgonomics, Safety & Driver Satisfaction Reach Head Restraint (FMVSS 202a) US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 27. Engineers evaluate Seat Design for Manufacturing Body Frame Foam Manufacturability Penetration Meat-to-Metal US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 28. Seat Design TOTAL Score: 7.70 Seat Cushion: 4.78 Measured Cushion contact length is short. Cushion provides not enough thigh support. Cushion insert stiffness is just right. Seat Back: 8.77 for Drivers’ The upper seat back is just right. Overall Wing shape provides good support. Seat back Insert shape provides good support. Comfort Seat back insert stiffness is just right. Head Restraint patch contact is far. Lumbar patch contact is just right. Package: 9.82 Travel window requires no additional travel. Package provides comfortable head room. Seat can support driver vision requirements. USA TOTAL Cushion Back Package Steering Wheel to chest is just right. Steering Wheel to thigh is just right. TOTAL (1-10) 7.70 4.78 8.77 9.82 Driver can comfortably reach pedal. Small Female 6.65 5.50 8.37 8.27 Joint Angle Penalties: Medium Male 7.91 4.89 8.83 10.00 Seat: 0.8 % Package: 1.6 % Large Male 7.26 3.20 8.72 9.93
- 29. Validation: Model evaluates Comfort same as Driver 4.8 Lux Sedan 4.6 DHMs Comfort Score (1-5) Mid Sedan Mid Xover 4.4 FST Mid SUV Sm Xover 4.2 4 Sm Sedan r = 0.8 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4.2 4.4 4.6 Drivers' Scores in 7 Vehicles (1-5)
- 30. All Global Drivers haveUniversal Needs • Vision • Operate Controls • Sitting in preferred posture
- 31. Body Size ofGlobal Drivers
- 32. Alert Neutral Driving Conditions affect Preferred Posture Relaxed Alert
- 33. Back posture preference changeseye height of driver. Alert Neutral Relaxed 44.4 mm US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 34. Seat Design forposture variation changes seat position in car Production seat modification (+) 20 mm Neutral Posture (-) Slumped Posture Seat position: 19 mm forward
- 35. Does design beatcompetition? (Small Female) Saab 9-5 VW Passat Cushion length is too long too short Cushion thigh region provides too much pressure no support Cushion thigh insert width is too narrow too wide Cushion ischial insert width is too narrow too wide Head restraint surface is too close too far US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 36. Design for DriverSatisfaction can START at Vehicle Concept US Patents: #6,840,125, #7,047,831, #7,347,114, #7,797,138
- 37. Conclusion Improvedseat satisfaction comes from design for all sitting preferences.
- 38. Acknowledgements • ERL LLC(Ray Brodeur, D.C., Ph.D., et al.) • Michigan State University (George Stockman, Ph.D., et al.) • General Motors Corporation (Don Maertens, et al.)