ERL is a virtual tool that explains subjective discomfort to the engineer/designer and designs seats to maximize comfort for all driver body sizes. It calculates a comfort score that outperforms J D Power and Consumer Reports in its correlation to subjective driver scores. The result is a tool that reduces time to market, development costs, and provides seats in vehicles that maximize comfort for the driver.
Car seats have struggled for many years to live up to promise. This struggle is explained by a design process that leaves the seat out of interior design until all positions and geometry of the interior have been established. The result is unpredictable comfort, unexpected problems with vision of the dash and reach to controls and a general inability to sit in your preferred posture. A new tool is available to provide the manufacturers with seated driver models that represent the seated needs of the driver at the start of design. This presentation is the story of the current process and the tool that can fix it.
The Wall Street Journal on October 10, 2013 reported an old problem in the automotive industry. Some cars are suitable for tall drivers while others are not. The same is true for short drivers. The industry follows a design process developed in the 1950s that uses a tool defined by a tall man’s legs and average man’s torso to create a position in the car interior about which all structures are placed. This “design position” has been incorporated into Federal regulations and has created an approach to design that is based entirely upon position. Mary Barra, GM’s product chief, spoke of this position problem in a 2012 interview at the North American International Auto Show, when she talked about poorly placed dashboard buttons that lowered a car’s reputation for quality. Then, in 2012, J D Power’s APEAL survey found that seat design is as unsatisfactory to owners as the infotainment systems in cars yet seat quality, i.e. manufacturing, is at historical highs. The combination of poorly placed dashboard buttons with seat dissatisfaction leads to the conclusion that the absence of seated driver models in interior design is a problem for the auto industry. Research at Michigan State University in the 1990s uncovered that this approach does not include seat design nor use any seated drivers to develop the interior layout. As part of this research program, it was also learned that the seat constrains driver sitting postures and directly affects the driver’s section of seat position, steering wheel position, and eye location. Thus, to establish interior design without a seat directly contributes to the difficulty drivers experience in finding a car that fits.
Seating quality is at historical high but dissatisfaction has emerged to illustrate a major gap in seat design. The seat is not present in vehicle design and is the last part installed in the car. The driver, manikin or real, doesn't sit in the car with a seat until the first prototype is built. This leaves the driver at the mercy of a process that is 50 years old and relies on experience and suppliers to develop seating comfort.
The story of erl, or how to improve interior car design and seating comfortMichigan State University
Interior car design and seating comfort are described in the eyes of a small female digital driver. The ergonomics of seating comfort and the biomechanics of seat design are shown to have the same applicability to the small and large drivers. The use of digital human body models with Oscar (SAE J826) demonstrates the need to change the interior design process in the automotive industry.
Three steps to design car seats at vehicle concept using digital human body models with Oscar and H-point to remain consistent with Federal laws and SAE recommended practicies.
Objective seating comfort scores for seat design in automobiles are available to replace subjective seating comfort scores. The score is calculated from the optimized math data that defines a seat design and the position of digital human bodies sitting in the seat.
Car seats have struggled for many years to live up to promise. This struggle is explained by a design process that leaves the seat out of interior design until all positions and geometry of the interior have been established. The result is unpredictable comfort, unexpected problems with vision of the dash and reach to controls and a general inability to sit in your preferred posture. A new tool is available to provide the manufacturers with seated driver models that represent the seated needs of the driver at the start of design. This presentation is the story of the current process and the tool that can fix it.
The Wall Street Journal on October 10, 2013 reported an old problem in the automotive industry. Some cars are suitable for tall drivers while others are not. The same is true for short drivers. The industry follows a design process developed in the 1950s that uses a tool defined by a tall man’s legs and average man’s torso to create a position in the car interior about which all structures are placed. This “design position” has been incorporated into Federal regulations and has created an approach to design that is based entirely upon position. Mary Barra, GM’s product chief, spoke of this position problem in a 2012 interview at the North American International Auto Show, when she talked about poorly placed dashboard buttons that lowered a car’s reputation for quality. Then, in 2012, J D Power’s APEAL survey found that seat design is as unsatisfactory to owners as the infotainment systems in cars yet seat quality, i.e. manufacturing, is at historical highs. The combination of poorly placed dashboard buttons with seat dissatisfaction leads to the conclusion that the absence of seated driver models in interior design is a problem for the auto industry. Research at Michigan State University in the 1990s uncovered that this approach does not include seat design nor use any seated drivers to develop the interior layout. As part of this research program, it was also learned that the seat constrains driver sitting postures and directly affects the driver’s section of seat position, steering wheel position, and eye location. Thus, to establish interior design without a seat directly contributes to the difficulty drivers experience in finding a car that fits.
Seating quality is at historical high but dissatisfaction has emerged to illustrate a major gap in seat design. The seat is not present in vehicle design and is the last part installed in the car. The driver, manikin or real, doesn't sit in the car with a seat until the first prototype is built. This leaves the driver at the mercy of a process that is 50 years old and relies on experience and suppliers to develop seating comfort.
The story of erl, or how to improve interior car design and seating comfortMichigan State University
Interior car design and seating comfort are described in the eyes of a small female digital driver. The ergonomics of seating comfort and the biomechanics of seat design are shown to have the same applicability to the small and large drivers. The use of digital human body models with Oscar (SAE J826) demonstrates the need to change the interior design process in the automotive industry.
Three steps to design car seats at vehicle concept using digital human body models with Oscar and H-point to remain consistent with Federal laws and SAE recommended practicies.
Objective seating comfort scores for seat design in automobiles are available to replace subjective seating comfort scores. The score is calculated from the optimized math data that defines a seat design and the position of digital human bodies sitting in the seat.
J. D. Power survey reports seats in car are next to last in satisfaction despite historical high in quality. Add-on content to basic seat design does not change satisfaction rank. Since seats are for sitting, drivers must not be able to sit as they prefer. Car seat design guidelines must improve accommodation for variation in sitting postures.
Acura and Honda Gen Z City Car, Red Bull Baja 1000 Utility Vehicle, and Lamborghini Supercar Projects
• Utilized the design process from concept creations to sketch exploration, design refinement, to final proposal
• Produced presentation layouts with brand, buyer, concept, package, ideation, styling refinements and final design
• Created brand image and buyer to concept; human relation to package and vehicle architecture
• Prepared automotive sketches and renderings with respect to perspective, light source, basic reflection and color shift
Side Impact and composite rail analysis using LS-DYNASuravi Banik
Side impact test of truck was simulated in LS-DYNA with pole and moving deformable barrier according to FMVSS and IIHS. Composite materials were used in rails to see the difference between steel and composite.
Michigan is Auto, currently in its third version, promotes Michigan's automotive assets and highlights the many reasons why Michigan remains the epicenter of the global automotive industry. Supported by Governor Rick Snyder and the Michigan Economic Development Corporation, the report is distributed around the world to industry executives considering expansion in North America. It has been translated into several languages and is updated annually.
Presented by Steve Hilfinger, Executive Vice President & COO of the Michigan Economic Development Corporation on January 15, 2014. Visit http://www.MichiganBusiness.org.
Math based product design in cad using biomechanics for comfort in car seatsMichigan State University
The presentation shows the current process of interior auto design followed by all manufacturers. A change with the addition of human body models for seat and interior design is needed. The auto industry has locked into an old expensive process that is unreliable. The addition of math CAD design tools described in this presentation will bring this process into the 21st Century.
The 2017 Hyundai Veloster is unique hatchback that beats the competition with its powerful engine that is fuel efficient. This Hyundai offers a smooth ride for Jacksonville area drivers that delivers with a 6-speed automatic or manual transmission. Coming in four trims, the 2017 Veloster ensures a terrific first impression with available 201-horsepower and 195-torque. To schedule a test drive, please call (888) 694-3235.
http://www.northhollywoodtoyota.com | The 2014.5 Toyota Camry continues to offer the high-end features, rewarding interior and impressive safety technology you have come to expect. Contact North Hollywood Toyota for the best deals on the improved Toyota Camry, one of America’s most reliable car models.
J. D. Power survey reports seats in car are next to last in satisfaction despite historical high in quality. Add-on content to basic seat design does not change satisfaction rank. Since seats are for sitting, drivers must not be able to sit as they prefer. Car seat design guidelines must improve accommodation for variation in sitting postures.
Acura and Honda Gen Z City Car, Red Bull Baja 1000 Utility Vehicle, and Lamborghini Supercar Projects
• Utilized the design process from concept creations to sketch exploration, design refinement, to final proposal
• Produced presentation layouts with brand, buyer, concept, package, ideation, styling refinements and final design
• Created brand image and buyer to concept; human relation to package and vehicle architecture
• Prepared automotive sketches and renderings with respect to perspective, light source, basic reflection and color shift
Side Impact and composite rail analysis using LS-DYNASuravi Banik
Side impact test of truck was simulated in LS-DYNA with pole and moving deformable barrier according to FMVSS and IIHS. Composite materials were used in rails to see the difference between steel and composite.
Michigan is Auto, currently in its third version, promotes Michigan's automotive assets and highlights the many reasons why Michigan remains the epicenter of the global automotive industry. Supported by Governor Rick Snyder and the Michigan Economic Development Corporation, the report is distributed around the world to industry executives considering expansion in North America. It has been translated into several languages and is updated annually.
Presented by Steve Hilfinger, Executive Vice President & COO of the Michigan Economic Development Corporation on January 15, 2014. Visit http://www.MichiganBusiness.org.
Math based product design in cad using biomechanics for comfort in car seatsMichigan State University
The presentation shows the current process of interior auto design followed by all manufacturers. A change with the addition of human body models for seat and interior design is needed. The auto industry has locked into an old expensive process that is unreliable. The addition of math CAD design tools described in this presentation will bring this process into the 21st Century.
The 2017 Hyundai Veloster is unique hatchback that beats the competition with its powerful engine that is fuel efficient. This Hyundai offers a smooth ride for Jacksonville area drivers that delivers with a 6-speed automatic or manual transmission. Coming in four trims, the 2017 Veloster ensures a terrific first impression with available 201-horsepower and 195-torque. To schedule a test drive, please call (888) 694-3235.
http://www.northhollywoodtoyota.com | The 2014.5 Toyota Camry continues to offer the high-end features, rewarding interior and impressive safety technology you have come to expect. Contact North Hollywood Toyota for the best deals on the improved Toyota Camry, one of America’s most reliable car models.
2012 Toyota Camry For Sale NC | Toyota Dealer Serving Raleighsanfordtoyota
2012 Toyota Camry brochure provided by Toyota of Sanford near Raleigh. Find the 2012 Toyota Camry for sale in North Carolina. Call us about our current sales and incentives at (800) 411-8696. http://www.toyotaofsanford.com
Camry is one exciting ride and has always been about more than just getting you to a destination. It’s been about the fun of sharing and doing things together. Whether it’s a dash to the desert, or getting the whole family together, Camry is eager to get going. Camry isn’t just a thrilling ride, it’s also one of the most reliable cars in America. In fact, over 90% of all Camrys sold over the last 10 years are still on the road today. http://www.toyota.com/camryhybrid/#!/Welcome | http://carspiceup.com
2011 Toyota Tundra brochure provided by West Herr Toyota located near Buffalo, NY. Find the 2011 Toyota Tundra sale in New York; call about our current sales and incentives at (716) 648-4141. http://www.toyotaorchardpark.com/
2. 2 ERLis a virtual tool that evaluates how drivers fit in the seat to comfortably operate the vehicle.
3. ERLcalculates seating comfort scores that correlate with scores from Drivers better thanJ D Power and Consumer Reports scores. 3
4. Comparison of drivers’ and ERLscores for seating comfort in 7 vehicles ¹Math score calculated in ERLsoftware for virtual ERL drivers (5 pt scale). ²Drivers’ subjective rating average comfort score (5 pt scale). 4
5. 5 Correlation of ERL math-based comfort scores with drivers in 7 vehicles
6. Comparison of drivers’ and JD Power scores for seating comfort in 7 vehicles. ¹Survey of drivers who purchased vehicle and returned survey (5 pt scale) ²Drivers’ subjective rating average comfort score (5 pt scale). 6
7. 7 Correlation of JD Power APEALcomfort scores with drivers in 7 vehicles
8. Comparison of drivers’ and Consumer Reports scores for seating comfort in 7 vehicles ¹Subjective Professional Drivers Rating Average Score (5 pt scale). ²Drivers’ subjective rating average comfort score (5 pt scale). 8
9. 9 Correlation of Consumer Reports comfort scores with drivers in 7 vehicles
10. ERL Comfort Score informs more objectively and with greater resolution 10
11. 11 Knowledge of seating comfort is in scientific journals and experienced seat experts, but ERLis the first math model to put this knowledge in software.
12. After a century of building cars, the data show that seating comfort worldwide hasn’t been achieved for all drivers of all body sizes. 12
13. Acura RL, Acura MDX, Audi A8, Audi A6, Audi A4 (2), BMW 325Ci, BMW 530xi, BMW 740iL, BMW X3, BMW X5, Buick La Crosse, Buick Park Avenue, Buick Rainier, Buick Regal, Cadillac CTS, Cadillac Deville, Cadillac DTS, Chevy Cavalier, Chevy Cobalt, Chevy Corvette, Chevy Equinox, Chevy Monte Carlo, Chevy HHR, Chevy Tahoe, Chevy Trailblazer, Chrysler 300, Chrysler LHS, Chrysler Town & Country, Dodge Dakota, Fiat 500, Ford Edge, Ford Escape, Ford F150, Ford Mustang, Freightliner M2, GMC Savana, Honda Civic, Honda Fit, Honda Odyssey, Hummer H2, Hummer H3, Jeep Wrangler, Kia Sportage, Land Rover Range Rover, Lexus ES300, Lexus LS430, Lexus RX300, Lexus RX330, Lincoln LS, Mercedes Benz C-class, Mercedes Benz E-class (2), Mercedes Benz S-class, Mercedes Benz SLK, Nissan Quest, Nissan Maxima, Olds Alero, Pontiac G6, Pontiac Montana, Pontiac Torrent, Saab 9-3, Saab 9-5, Saturn LS, Saturn L300, Saturn Vue, Toyota Avalon, Toyota Camry, Toyota Highlander, Toyota Land Cruiser, Toyota Prius, Toyota Sequoia, Toyota Sienna (3), Toyota Solara, Toyota 4-Runner, Volkswagen Beetle, Volkswagen GTI, Volkswagen Jetta, Volkswagen Passat, Volvo S80, Volvo V70, Volvo XC90. 13 ERLevaluated comfort in 84 vehicles from 2000-2009 models
14. 14 From this sample, three production vehicles were selected from Germany, United States and Japan to show comfort issues for these worldwide vehicles.
15. 15 In these vehicle examples, comfort scores 3.5or less on a 5 point scale represent noticeable discomfort for the driver or passenger.
16. 16 2007 German Mid-Size Luxury Sedan SMALL Driver ERL Score: 3.5 Cushion 2.8 Seatback 3.5 Package 3.5 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
17. 17 2007 German Mid-Size Luxury Sedan MEDIUM Driver ERL Score: 4.2 Cushion 4.0 Seatback 3.9 Package 5.0 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
18. 18 2007 German Mid-Size Luxury Sedan LARGE Driver ERL Score: 3.9 Cushion 4.5 Seatback 3.6 Package 4.9 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
19. 2008 United States Mid-Size SUV SMALL Driver ERLScore: 3.0 Cushion 2.9 Seatback 2.9 Package 4.3 19 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending 25mm (Heel off floor)
20. 20 2008 United States Mid-Size SUV MEDIUM Driver ERL Score: 4.7 Cushion 4.7 Seatback 4.5 Package 5.0 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
21. 2008 United States Mid-Size SUV LARGE Driver ERL Score: 4.4 Cushion 5.0 Seatback 3.6 Package 5.0 21 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
22. 22 2008 Japanese Mid-Size Hatchback SMALL Driver ERL Score: 4.1 Cushion 3.8 Seatback 3.3 Package 5.0 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
23. 23 2008 Japanese Mid-Size Hatchback MEDIUM Driver ERL Score: 4.7 Cushion 4.8 Seatback 4.4 Package 5.0 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
24. 24 2008 Japanese Mid-Size Hatchback LARGE Driver ERL Score: 3.2 Cushion 2.1 Seatback 3.3 Package 4.3 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
25. 25 2008 Japanese Mid-Size Hatchback SMALL Passenger ERL Score: 3.8 Cushion 2.1 Seatback 4.2 MEDIUM MALE DRIVER ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
26. 26 2008 Japanese Mid-Size Hatchback MEDIUM Passenger ERL Score: 3.3 Cushion 2.6 Seatback 3.7 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
27. 27 2008 Japanese Mid-Size Hatchback LARGE Passenger ERLScore: 2.5 Cushion 2.4 Seatback 4.1 ERL Patents: US #6,840,125, US#7,047,831, US#7,347,114, US #7,797,138, EU #1019693 & Patents Pending
28. 28 To design one seat that fits all driver body sizes requires optimization. The current process builds many seats to optimize for driver comfort.
29. 29 Seating comfort remains a worldwide problem because seat comfort is optimized too late in the process.
30. 30 Current OEM seat development process begins with position of seat Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics Design Position for Seat Seats
31. 31 Currently, all seat design at the OEM is creative interpretation until the Supplier builds first prototype for developing seating comfort.
32. 32 Supplier develops first seat prototype for Design Position Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics Design Position for Seat Seat Prototype for Design Position Seats
33. 33 Supplier builds many seatsfor comfort tests until production Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics Design Position for Seat Seat Prototype for Design Position Iterative Seat Development for Driver Comfort Seats
34. 34 Current process is too long 24 1 12 Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics Seats 37 Months
35. Use ERL, a virtual math tool, for seat design throughout vehicle development. 35 Solution to comfort issues in vehicle
36. ERLdesigns optimal seat size, shape and stiffness for drivers of any sizeto comfortably operate the car. 36 ERLDesign
37. 37 Seat development for comfort starts with ERL’sdesign for vehicle Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics ERL Seat Design for Driver Comfort & Design Position Seats
38. ERL objectively evaluates proposed changes in interior design by calculating effect on comfort and percent of population affected. 38 ERLEvaluation
39. 39 Seat development process continueswith ERLevaluating all interior changes Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics ERL Seat Design for Driver Comfort & Design Position Seats ERL Evaluation of proposed changes
40. Suppliers build seats for specifications that define shape, size and stiffness. Seat scanning and stiffness measurements check if the seat meetsERLspecifications. 40 ERL Test and Verify
41. 41 Specifications from ERLare verifiable in physical tests of seat Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics ERL Drive, Test & Verify with shape & stiffness evaluation ERL Seat Built from ERL specifications ERL Seat Design for Driver Comfort & Design Position Seats ERL Evaluation of proposed changes
42. 42 Using ERLshortens the process 18 1 10 Safety Styling Production Architecture Supplier Ergonomics Seats 29 Months
43. 43 ERLis the only math model that optimizes the shape and size of the unoccupied seat from the shape and size of the occupied seat that all drivers use to drive car.
44. 44 Example of Production versus ERLDesign Comfort Scores
45. 2006 United StatesMid-Size Sedan 45 SMALL Driver ERL Score: 2.4 Cushion 2.7 Seatback 3.2 Package 3.7 ERL Score: 4.0 Cushion 4.0 Seatback 3.7 Package 4.3 Production Evaluation ERL Design
46. 2006 United StatesMid-Size Sedan 46 MEDIUM Driver ERL Score: 4.0 Cushion 2.7 Seatback 4.5 Package 5.0 ERL Score: 4.7 Cushion 4.4 Seatback 4.5 Package 5.0 Production Evaluation ERL Design
47. 2006 United StatesMid-Size Sedan 47 LARGE Driver ERL Score: 3.4 Cushion 1.6 Seatback 4.3 Package 5.0 ERL Score: 4.5 Cushion 4.5 Seatback 4.4 Package 4.4 Production Evaluation ERL Design