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This presentation discusses the process of capsule formulation and production. It covers developing the formulation and selecting the capsule size, filling capsule shells using either punch or machine methods, sealing capsules through heat welding or liquid agents, and cleaning and polishing filled capsules on small or large scales. Different machines used for semi-automatic or automatic filling and arranging of capsules are presented. The preparation of soft gelatin capsules using either a plate or reciprocating die process is also summarized.
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Capsule
This document discusses the process of capsule formulation and production. It involves several steps:
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4) Cleaning and polishing the filled capsules, either individually by hand or using an industrial cleaning apparatus.
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Hard gelatin capsules are typically made from gelatin and contain powdered ingredients. They consist of a lower body section that is filled and then sealed using a higher diameter cap. Hard gelatin capsules contain gelatin and other ingredients like preservatives, colorants, and plasticizers. They allow flexibility in formulation of ingredients not possible with tablets. Various machines are used to manufacture empty capsule shells and to fill capsules, ranging from small manual machines to large automated industrial machines that can fill thousands of capsules per hour.
capsules
Capsules have several advantages over tablets like masking unpleasant tastes, being easy to swallow, and requiring fewer excipients. They consist of a shell made of gelatin enclosing the drug formulation. Gelatin capsules come in various sizes and are made through a process involving dipping, spinning, drying, stripping, trimming, and polishing. Stability testing ensures the integrity of the capsule shell and determines shelf life, while uniformity testing confirms consistent drug content between capsules. Dissolution and disintegration tests evaluate how quickly the drug is released from the capsule.
Capsules
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1. Capsules are solid dosage forms that enclose medications within gelatin shells. They can contain powders, liquids, or semisolids.
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This document summarizes the manufacturing and evaluation of hard and soft gelatin capsules. It discusses the types of gelatin used, the parts of capsules, and methods for manufacturing empty and filled capsules. Hard gelatin capsules are made through dipping, spinning, drying, stripping, trimming and joining processes. Soft gelatin capsules can be made via plate, rotary die or reciprocating die methods. The document also covers important gelatin specifications, tests for capsule stability, content uniformity, disintegration and dissolution. Evaluation ensures the quality and performance of gelatin capsules.
Capsules
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This document provides an introduction to capsules and innovations in capsule dosage forms. It discusses the definition of capsules and the main types, which are hard gelatin capsules and soft gelatin capsules. The document then covers innovations in capsule shells, including non-animal capsules made of materials like HPMC, pullulan, PVA, and starch. It also discusses innovations in capsule systems aimed at modified drug release. The manufacturing process and important specifications of gelatin and capsules are described. Evaluation tests for capsules like stability, uniformity, disintegration, and dissolution testing are also summarized.
Hard gelatin capsules
Hard gelatin capsules are solid dosage forms where medicaments are enclosed in gelatin shells. They have advantages like easy swallowing, taste masking, and rapid drug release. Capsules are filled using semi-automatic or automatic machines that employ various techniques like piston tamping or vibratory filling. After filling, capsules are polished, evaluated for quality parameters like weight variation and content uniformity, and packaged and stored properly. Modern filling machines can fill thousands of capsules per hour.
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This document summarizes different types of capsule filling machines and how to operate a manually operated capsule filler machine. There are three main types of capsule filling machines: manually operated, semi-automatic, and fully automatic. Manually operated machines have fewer capsule beds but are more affordable. The document then outlines the 6 step process for operating a manually operated capsule filler machine, which involves loading empty capsules, filling them with powder, locking the capsules, and removing the filled capsules.
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SEMINAR ON MANUFACTURING AND EVALUATION OF CAPSULES…
SEMINAR ON MANUFACTURING AND EVALUATION OF CAPSULES…
Small scale and large scale capsule filling machine
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Filling of Hard Gelatin Capsule By Manually Operated Capsule Filler Machine
Filling of Hard Gelatin Capsule By Manually Operated Capsule Filler Machine
Capsule 130802054344-phpapp02 sam
- 1. Slide 1 TOPIC NAME : CAPUSLE • Sumitted to: Dr.Khizar Hayyat Submitted By: Zulcaif Ahmad & Saqib Hafeez (696) (719)
- 2. Slide 2 • Developing and preparing the formulation and selecting the capsule size • Filling the capsule shells • Capsule sealing(optional) • Cleaning and polishing the filled capsules
- 3. Slide 3 Developing and preparing the formulation and selecting the capsule size uniform powder Diluent or filler Disintegrants Lubricant or Glidant Coating agent Wetting and Solublizing agent
- 4. Slide 4 000 00 o 1 2 3 4 5
- 5. Slide 5 Filling Hard Capsule Shells Punch method. • When filling a small number of capsules in the pharmacy • takes the precise number of empty capsules to be filled from the stock container. Machines • Machines developed for industrial use automatically separate the caps from empty capsules, fill the bodieS
- 6. Slide 6 Filling Hard Capsule Shells Punch method Empty capsules Powder place on a clean paper or glass or porcelain plate Mix with spatula Hold capsule between the thumb and forefinger Punched vertically
- 7. Slide 7
- 8. Slide 8 Filling Hard Capsule Shells Hand-operated capsule filling machines or Feton capsule filling machine Consist of a couple of plates are capable of producing about 200 to 2000capsules/hr.
- 9. Slide 9 OSAKA MODEL R-180 SEMI AUTOMATIC CAPSULE FILLING MACHINE
- 10. Slide 10
- 11. Slide 11 Capsule Sealing • that fuses the capsule cap to the body through the double wall thickness at their juncture The process results in a distinctive ring around the capsule where heat welded. Heat-welding process • that lowers the melting point in the contact areas of the capsule’s cap and body and then thermally bonds the two parts using low temperatures Liquid wetting agent
- 12. Slide 12 Capsule Sealing Heat-welding process Fuse the cap & body through double wall thickness at their juncture distinctive ring around the capsule where heat welded Liquid wetting agent lowers the melting point in contact areas thermally bonds two parts using low temperatures (40°C–45°C).
- 13. Slide 13 Cleaning and Polishing Capsules • On a small scale, capsules may be cleaned individually or in small numbers by rubbing them with a clean gauze or cloth. On small Scale • Many capsule-filling machines are affixed with a cleaning vacuum that removes any extraneous material from the capsules as they exit the equipment. industrial cleaning and polishing of filled hard capsules using the Accela-Cota apparatus. On large scale
- 14. Slide 14 Cleaning and Polishing Capsules On small scale Cleaned individually in small numbers Rubbing with a clean gauze or cloth. On large scale Cleaning vacuum affixed with filling machine cleaning and polishing by Accela-Cota apparatus.
- 15. Slide 15
- 16. Slide 16
- 17. Slide 17 CAPSULE POLISHING MACHINE AUTO MATIC CAPSULE ARRANGEMNT
- 18. Slide 18 Preparation of Soft Gelatin Capsules Preparation of Soft Gelatin Capsules Plate process Reciprocating die process
- 19. Slide 19 Molds Filling with gelatin and medicament on bottom plate Second sheet of gelatin is carefully placed on top of the medication Top plate of the mold is put into place Pressure & heat is applied to seal the capsules Washing
- 20. Slide 20
- 21. Slide 21
- 22. Slide 22 References:- • Pharmaceutical Dosage forms and Drug delivery Systems, Ansel’s, Chapter 7, Page 203-214, Ninth Edition, 2011, 2005 Wolters Kluwer / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. • Martin’s physical pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences, Patrick J. Sinko, Chapter No.22, Page No. 580-581, Sixth Edition 2011, 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Wolters Kluwer Business. • Pharmaceutical preformulation and formulation , Mark Gibson, Page 451-453, 2004, Printed in USA, By Interpharm / CRC. • Pharmaceutics The design and manufacture of Mediicines, Michael E.Aulton, Third Edition. • Text book of Pharmaceutics, Bentley’s, Chapter 19 page 310- 314, Eight Edition, Edited by: E.A.Rawlins, Published by A.I.T.B.S
- 23. Slide 23