The document discusses capsule filling machines and the capsule filling process. It describes the Profill 100 capsule filling machine which uses manual filling and does not require expensive equipment. It then explains different filling principles like vibratory filling and dosing disc/dosator principles. The document also covers capsule sealing methods, quality control steps, and types of capsule filling machines. It provides information on soft gelatin capsules, including formulation, manufacturing methods like the plate process, and advantages over hard capsules.

1. -By Snehal Darekar
Final year B.pharm
H.S.B.P.V.T.Kashti

2. -

3.  Profill 100- the profill
100 capsule filling
machine utilizes on
advanced design for
fool-proof manual
filling of two –piece
capsule.with the
profill100
machine,there is no
need for expensive
capsule filling
equipment and
electrical connection.

5. Powder or granules are contained in mass flow
hoppers with rotating augers.
- Powder is fed continuously out of the hopper
outlet due to the rotation of the auger
- -Amount of powder fed into into the body depends
on the time capsule body spends underneath on
the hopper outlet and auger speed.
- -Slower rotation increases the fill wt.

7.  Vibratory fill principle-in the powder,a perforated
resin plate is positioned and connected to a
vibrator.
 The powder blend tends to be fluidized by the
vibration of the plate and assist the powder to flow
into the bodies through the holes in resin plate

9.  In this pistons pins lightly compress the
individual doses of the powders into plugs
and eject the plugs into empty capsule
bodies.
 DOSATOR PRINCIPLE
 DOSING DISC PRINCIPLE

10.  DOSING DISC PRINCIPLE: A solid stop brass
plate is sliding down the dosing disc to close off
the holes.Five sets of piston compress the
powder into cavities to form plugs.
 DOSATOR PRINCIPLE: It consist of cylindrical
dosing tube fitted with movable pistons. The
position of the piston is preset to a particular
heght to definite a volume. Powders entres the
open end of dosator and is slightly compressed
against the piston into a plugs.

11.  1.Sealing the joint between the 2 capsule parts.
 Sealing them with coloured bands of gelatin
 Through a heat welding process theat fuses the
capsule cap to the body through the double
wall thickness of their juncture disinctive ring
around the capsules where heat welded.
 Liquid wetting agent that lowers the mp in the
contact areas of the capsules cap and the body
using low temperature
 Lightly coating the inner surface of the cap with
a warm gelatin solution immediately prior to
placement on the filled capsule body.

14.  Small amount of powder may adhere to the
outside of capsule after filling.
 Salt polishing –cloth dusting
 Brushing
 Pan polishing Acelo-cota pan is used to dust
and polish.

16.  FINISHED capsules normally contain an EMC of
13-16%
 <12%MC,the capsule shells become brittle
 >18% make them too soft
 To maintain a relative humidity of 40-60% when
handling a storing capsules.
 QUALI-V developed by shinonogi Qualicaps,is the
first HPMC capsule developed for eventual use in
pharmaceutical products.

17.  Visual inspection
 Counting
 Counting tray
 Counting or filling machine
 Packaging
 Unit dose and stip packaging
 Storing
 In a tightly closed container in a dry place

18.  Soft capsules are collected ,washed with
organic solvent to remove residues of cooling
liquid,and gently dried at a relative humidity
of 20% in infrared tunnel.
 Advantage- production of seamless capsules
which are temper evident and free of
contamination.

21.  SOFT CAPSULE are usally formed,filled and
sealed in one operation,but for extemporous use
the shell may be prefabricated.The shell material
may contain an active substance.
 Method-
 Plate process
 Globex method
 Rotary die method

22.  The basic component of soft gelatin shell is
gelatin;however the shell has been plasticize
 The ration of dry plastisizer to dry gelatin
determines the hardness of the shell and can vary
from 0.3-1.0 for very hard shells to 1.0-1.8 for very
soft shell
 Up to 55 sugar may be included to give a
chewable quality to the shell
 The residual shell moisture content of finished
capsule will be in the range of 6-10 %

23.  Formulation for soft gelatin capsules involves
liquid rather than powder technology
 Material are generally formulated to produce the
smallest possible consistent with maximum
stability,therapeutic effectiveness and manufacture
efficiency
 The liquids are limited to those that do not have
and adverse effect on gelatin walls
 Emulsion can not be filled because water will be
relased that will affect the shell
 The pH of the liquid can be between 2.5and7.5

24.  A warm sheet of prepared gelatin is laid over the
lower plate and the liquid is poured on it
 A second sheet of gelatin is carefully put in place
and this is followed by the top plate of the mold
 The set is placed under the press where pressure
is applied to form the capsule which are washed
off with a volatile solvent to remove ant trace of oil
from exterior.

25.  Liquid gelatin flowing from an overhead tank is
formed into two continuous ribbons by the rotary
die machine and brought together between twin
rotating dies.
 At the same time,matered fill material is injected
between the ribbons precisely at the moments that
the dies form packates of the gelatin ribbons.
 Tha capsule is washed with organic solvent and
pre-dried.

26.  Filling is pumped through the inner capillary
of a concentric double capillary
 Shell forming solution is pumped through the
outer capillary of the concentric double
capillary
 The soft capsule are then immersed in a
cooling both of about 4c
 Cooling bath ensures immediate sol-gel
transformation hence formation flexible yet
firm robust outer film.

27.  Advantages –capsules can have all kind of
shapes and sizes
 Different colors for both sides
 Wide variety of fills
 Disadvantage-high amount of shell waste
material
 Longer drying time compared to globex
method

29.  Roto-fill-2 lakh capsule/day
 Acco-fill-75000 capsule/day
 Roto –wt
 Roto –sort-150000 capsule/day

30.  What is pellets?
 Small free flowing spherical units ranging in
size,prepared by agglomeration of fine
powders called pellets.
 Their size and shape allow their
administration as injections and also for oral
drug delivery
 Pellets range in size typically between 0.5-
1.5mm though other sizes could be prepared

31.  Taste masking- micropellets are ideal for product
where perfect abatement of taste is
required.pellets provide the masking of unpleasant
taste without lowering bioavailability especially for
oral product.
 Immediate release- administation drugs in pellet
form leads to an increase surface area as
compared to traditional compressed tablets and
capsule.

32.  Improved aesthetic appearance of the product
 Coating of drug pellets with different polymers to
achieve controlled release rate of drug
 For immediate release product large surface area
of the pellets enables better disrtibution dissolution
and absoption
 Improves the flow property.