The document discusses different types of graphs available in LabVIEW for plotting and visualizing data, including waveform charts, waveform graphs, XY graphs, and intensity plots. Waveform charts can display single or multiple plots over time. Waveform graphs and XY graphs plot data from arrays. Properties of graphs can be customized. Examples are provided for generating and plotting random data and calculating averages.
The document discusses visualizing data in Matlab. It describes how the plot function can be used to create graphs with different parameters. It also explains how to create animations by saving multiple frames from figures using getframe and playing them back with movie. An example is provided to generate an animation by plotting the FFT of an identity matrix over increasing sizes and saving each frame.
This document discusses various plotting tools in Matlab, including:
- The plot and stem functions for plotting data values against their index or specified x-values.
- Tools for labeling axes, titles, legends, and setting axis properties.
- The subplot function for dividing the figure window into multiple plots.
- Functions for turning the grid on/off and holding plots.
- Examples of simple 2D and 3D function plots.
This document provides an overview of plotting and image processing capabilities in Matlab. It discusses how to generate basic scatter plots and customize axis properties. It also explains how digital images are constructed as arrays and can be displayed, rotated, and converted to grayscale using commands like plot, surf, image, and imagesc. The document demonstrates plotting multiple lines and images on the same figure. It describes how image processing techniques like Sobel filtering can be used to detect edges in an image.
This document provides an overview of Lesson 17 from the NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM. The lesson teaches students how to draw coordinate planes and locate points on the plane given as ordered pairs. It includes 4 examples of drawing coordinate planes with different scales for the axes in order to properly display the given points. The lesson emphasizes the importance of first examining the range of values in a set of points before assigning scales to the axes.
This document discusses graphs and how to create and modify them. It covers basic graph concepts, changing graph types and properties like data series, axes, colors and pictures. Activities demonstrate how to change bar fill colors, graph type, axis scales and remove data series. Common graph types are defined as line, pie and column graphs. Key graph elements are also identified, such as data series, labels, legends and scales. Tips are provided for graph creation, selection of non-adjacent data, formatting axis values and modifying existing graphs.
This document discusses different types of projections used in computer graphics, including perspective and parallel projections. It describes orthographic projection, which projects points along the z-axis onto the z=0 plane. Perspective projection is also covered, including how it creates the effect of objects appearing smaller with distance using similar triangles. The document provides the equation for a perspective projection matrix and an example. It concludes by discussing defining a viewing region or frustum using functions like glFrustum and gluPerspective in OpenGL.
This document discusses how to draw various shapes and lines on a form in Visual Basic.NET using code. It explains that a Graphics object provides methods for drawing, and describes how to use the DrawLine, DrawRectangle, FillRectangle, DrawEllipse, and FillEllipse methods to draw lines, rectangles, and ellipses by specifying locations and sizes. It also covers drawing polygons and clearing the form, and notes that the coordinate system increases positively from top-left.
This chapter discusses Excel charts and their components. It covers various chart types like column, bar, pie and line charts. It describes how to create and modify charts by changing their type, location, or data source. It also discusses formatting chart elements, titles, labels and legends. The chapter aims to teach readers how to work with charts in Excel.
The document discusses visualizing data in Matlab. It describes how the plot function can be used to create graphs with different parameters. It also explains how to create animations by saving multiple frames from figures using getframe and playing them back with movie. An example is provided to generate an animation by plotting the FFT of an identity matrix over increasing sizes and saving each frame.
This document discusses various plotting tools in Matlab, including:
- The plot and stem functions for plotting data values against their index or specified x-values.
- Tools for labeling axes, titles, legends, and setting axis properties.
- The subplot function for dividing the figure window into multiple plots.
- Functions for turning the grid on/off and holding plots.
- Examples of simple 2D and 3D function plots.
This document provides an overview of plotting and image processing capabilities in Matlab. It discusses how to generate basic scatter plots and customize axis properties. It also explains how digital images are constructed as arrays and can be displayed, rotated, and converted to grayscale using commands like plot, surf, image, and imagesc. The document demonstrates plotting multiple lines and images on the same figure. It describes how image processing techniques like Sobel filtering can be used to detect edges in an image.
This document provides an overview of Lesson 17 from the NYS COMMON CORE MATHEMATICS CURRICULUM. The lesson teaches students how to draw coordinate planes and locate points on the plane given as ordered pairs. It includes 4 examples of drawing coordinate planes with different scales for the axes in order to properly display the given points. The lesson emphasizes the importance of first examining the range of values in a set of points before assigning scales to the axes.
This document discusses graphs and how to create and modify them. It covers basic graph concepts, changing graph types and properties like data series, axes, colors and pictures. Activities demonstrate how to change bar fill colors, graph type, axis scales and remove data series. Common graph types are defined as line, pie and column graphs. Key graph elements are also identified, such as data series, labels, legends and scales. Tips are provided for graph creation, selection of non-adjacent data, formatting axis values and modifying existing graphs.
This document discusses different types of projections used in computer graphics, including perspective and parallel projections. It describes orthographic projection, which projects points along the z-axis onto the z=0 plane. Perspective projection is also covered, including how it creates the effect of objects appearing smaller with distance using similar triangles. The document provides the equation for a perspective projection matrix and an example. It concludes by discussing defining a viewing region or frustum using functions like glFrustum and gluPerspective in OpenGL.
This document discusses how to draw various shapes and lines on a form in Visual Basic.NET using code. It explains that a Graphics object provides methods for drawing, and describes how to use the DrawLine, DrawRectangle, FillRectangle, DrawEllipse, and FillEllipse methods to draw lines, rectangles, and ellipses by specifying locations and sizes. It also covers drawing polygons and clearing the form, and notes that the coordinate system increases positively from top-left.
This chapter discusses Excel charts and their components. It covers various chart types like column, bar, pie and line charts. It describes how to create and modify charts by changing their type, location, or data source. It also discusses formatting chart elements, titles, labels and legends. The chapter aims to teach readers how to work with charts in Excel.
The document discusses the basics of using the drawing API in ActionScript, including:
1) Important terms like anchor points, control points, coordinate space, fills, gradients, points, curves, strokes, scales, translates;
2) Examples of how to draw straight lines, curves, and shapes using methods like moveTo, lineTo, curveTo, drawRect, drawCircle;
3) Creating gradient lines and fills using types like RADIAL gradients, colors, alphas, ratios, and matrix transformations.
This document discusses different methods for approximating the area under a curve using rectangular approximations. It explains left, right, and middle rectangular approximations and which is most accurate. Middle rectangular approximation is most accurate as it takes the average of the left and right approximations. The document also discusses how rectangular approximation is linked to finding the actual area under a curve and provides shortcuts for calculating different rectangular approximations using a calculator. Finally, it discusses various area and volume methods like disks, washers, shells, and integrals.
The population of Germany stopped increasing in 2010 and started decreasing, so the speaker infers the population will continue decreasing in future years. They explain how to write a graph with two points using the equation y = ax^2 + bx + c.
This document introduces new commands in Matlab lesson 3 for creating plots, including plot(x,y) to create Cartesian plots, semilogx(x,y) to plot log(x) vs y, and bar(x) to create bar graphs. It also discusses using titles, labels, text and grids with plots, and describes polar, multiple, and fancy plots using different line styles and point markers. The document concludes with instructions for printing and saving graphic plots.
The document describes an experiment to write a program for window to viewport transformation in Turbo C. It involves taking input coordinates for the window and viewport, and vertices of a triangle. The window-to-viewport transformation is done using scaling factors calculated from the window and viewport dimensions. The transformed triangle is then drawn within the viewport.
This document discusses various plotting techniques in Matlab, including:
- Basic plotting syntax using the plot function and labeling axes
- Adding legends to distinguish between multiple dependent variables plotted on the same graph
- Creating subplots to display multiple plots on the same figure for comparison
- Generating 3D surface plots by applying a third dimension to a 2D plane defined by meshgrid
- Additional Matlab resources for more detailed help on plotting functions
This document provides an introduction and overview of key concepts and commands in AutoCAD including:
- Giving commands through the command line, toolbars, and menus
- Using object snaps and coordinates to precisely place objects
- Zooming and panning around the workspace
- Drawing basic 2D shapes such as lines, rectangles, and circles
- Editing objects using commands like copy, move, rotate, and explode
- Understanding the difference between the world and user coordinate systems
- Creating 3D solids and modifying them using extrude, boolean operations, and changing the number of faces
Three key points about advanced computer graphics and 3D viewing:
1. 3D viewing involves establishing a viewing coordinate system and transforming 3D world coordinates to 2D viewing coordinates using translations and rotations. Projections like parallel and perspective then project the viewing coordinates onto a 2D view plane.
2. Common projections used in 3D viewing are parallel projections, which project lines parallel to the view plane, and perspective projections, which simulate how the human eye sees and cause objects to appear smaller with distance.
3. Viewing pipelines involve modeling, transformations between coordinate systems, projections, clipping to a view volume, and normalization before rendering the 2D image. Technologies like OpenGL help specify common operations like projections, view
This document discusses vector data in GIS. It begins by defining vector data as representing real-world features using points, lines, and polygons. It then describes the three vector types - points as single X,Y coordinates with no area or length, lines/polylines as a series of points with length but no area, and polygons as enclosed areas formed by connecting three or more points. The document provides examples of each vector type and how they can represent different landscape features. It also discusses attributes associated with vector data, common problems like slivers and overshoots/undershoots, and how vector data can be queried and symbolized based on attributes.
Notes on 3.2 properties of linear frunction graphsjoannahstevens
The document discusses key properties of linear function graphs, including that the y-intercept is the y-value when x=0 and the x-intercept is the x-value when y=0. It defines slope as m in the slope-intercept equation y=mx+b and describes horizontal and vertical lines having slopes of 0 and undefined respectively. It lists three common forms for linear functions: slope-intercept, point-slope, and Ax+By=C and provides examples of transforming between the forms.
This document discusses key concepts related to derivatives including how to determine if a function is increasing or decreasing based on the sign of the tangent line's slope, points of inflection occurring when the second derivative changes sign, the extreme value theorem stating a continuous function achieves its minimum and maximum values over a closed interval, and how taking derivatives of a position function provides the velocity and acceleration functions, allowing analysis of graph characteristics.
The document provides instructions on how to create and format charts in Excel, including defining what a chart is, the basic steps to create a simple column chart from selected data, how to format chart elements like colors and styles, and how to change the chart type. It includes learning objectives, step-by-step content and processes, examples of activities with feedback, and resources for additional information.
This document provides instructions for using geometry tools and concepts in GeoGebra. It includes sections on reflection, area under a curve using Riemann sums, circle theorems, and calculating angle sums in triangles. The reflection section demonstrates how to reflect polygons across lines. The area under a curve section shows how to calculate lower and upper Riemann sums and the actual integral. The circle theorems section lists several theorems without examples. The triangle section provides step-by-step instructions to construct a triangle, rotate it, and calculate interior angles and their sum. Users are encouraged to practice these concepts by following the commands.
The document provides instructions for customizing charts created from data in a Word spreadsheet. It describes how to change chart styles, colors, and formatting of data series; modify row and column headings; and experiment with different chart types, labels, legends, and views. The goal is to familiarize the user with various options for visualizing and presenting spreadsheet data visually through charts in Word.
The Adafruit GFX graphics library provides a common set of graphics functions that work across multiple LCD and OLED displays. It handles low-level details so sketches can easily be ported between display types. The library includes functions for drawing common shapes like lines, rectangles, circles, and text as well as manipulating display properties like color and rotation. Individual display libraries work with Adafruit GFX to provide display-specific functionality.
This document provides instructions for using a graphing calculator to explore linear inequalities and integer addition visually. It guides the user to create sliders and points on a number line to represent linear expressions and the addition of integers. Adjusting the sliders allows observation of how changing the variables affects the linear inequality and integer sum. The final construction enhances understanding through an interactive visualization of these mathematical concepts.
The document provides information about AutoCAD, including:
1. A list of 71 common AutoCAD commands and their shortcuts. Commands allow users to draw geometry like lines, circles, rectangles, as well as modify objects, dimension, work with layers and layouts.
2. A brief history of AutoCAD's development from 1982 to the present.
3. An overview of the applications of AutoCAD in fields like engineering, carpentry, painting and drafting.
4. Descriptions of some key commands like line, circle, array, move, scale, dimension, layer and block.
The document discusses 3D graphics in GeoGebra, including how to customize the 3D graphics view, find the intersection of a plane and line, calculate the distance between two lines, graph functions of two variables, and use commands. It provides examples of constructing various geometric objects in the 3D view and exploring their relationships, as well as tips for navigating commands in GeoGebra.
Commly used shapes and designs for powerpointPushkar Kumar
These are some of the commonly used shapes and formats in a professionally designed powerpoint slide. Use them to make your presentation more impactful and give it the professional touch. Want to download - email me
-- Update: Followed by soo many requests, you can now download the file as well
The document discusses the basics of using the drawing API in ActionScript, including:
1) Important terms like anchor points, control points, coordinate space, fills, gradients, points, curves, strokes, scales, translates;
2) Examples of how to draw straight lines, curves, and shapes using methods like moveTo, lineTo, curveTo, drawRect, drawCircle;
3) Creating gradient lines and fills using types like RADIAL gradients, colors, alphas, ratios, and matrix transformations.
This document discusses different methods for approximating the area under a curve using rectangular approximations. It explains left, right, and middle rectangular approximations and which is most accurate. Middle rectangular approximation is most accurate as it takes the average of the left and right approximations. The document also discusses how rectangular approximation is linked to finding the actual area under a curve and provides shortcuts for calculating different rectangular approximations using a calculator. Finally, it discusses various area and volume methods like disks, washers, shells, and integrals.
The population of Germany stopped increasing in 2010 and started decreasing, so the speaker infers the population will continue decreasing in future years. They explain how to write a graph with two points using the equation y = ax^2 + bx + c.
This document introduces new commands in Matlab lesson 3 for creating plots, including plot(x,y) to create Cartesian plots, semilogx(x,y) to plot log(x) vs y, and bar(x) to create bar graphs. It also discusses using titles, labels, text and grids with plots, and describes polar, multiple, and fancy plots using different line styles and point markers. The document concludes with instructions for printing and saving graphic plots.
The document describes an experiment to write a program for window to viewport transformation in Turbo C. It involves taking input coordinates for the window and viewport, and vertices of a triangle. The window-to-viewport transformation is done using scaling factors calculated from the window and viewport dimensions. The transformed triangle is then drawn within the viewport.
This document discusses various plotting techniques in Matlab, including:
- Basic plotting syntax using the plot function and labeling axes
- Adding legends to distinguish between multiple dependent variables plotted on the same graph
- Creating subplots to display multiple plots on the same figure for comparison
- Generating 3D surface plots by applying a third dimension to a 2D plane defined by meshgrid
- Additional Matlab resources for more detailed help on plotting functions
This document provides an introduction and overview of key concepts and commands in AutoCAD including:
- Giving commands through the command line, toolbars, and menus
- Using object snaps and coordinates to precisely place objects
- Zooming and panning around the workspace
- Drawing basic 2D shapes such as lines, rectangles, and circles
- Editing objects using commands like copy, move, rotate, and explode
- Understanding the difference between the world and user coordinate systems
- Creating 3D solids and modifying them using extrude, boolean operations, and changing the number of faces
Three key points about advanced computer graphics and 3D viewing:
1. 3D viewing involves establishing a viewing coordinate system and transforming 3D world coordinates to 2D viewing coordinates using translations and rotations. Projections like parallel and perspective then project the viewing coordinates onto a 2D view plane.
2. Common projections used in 3D viewing are parallel projections, which project lines parallel to the view plane, and perspective projections, which simulate how the human eye sees and cause objects to appear smaller with distance.
3. Viewing pipelines involve modeling, transformations between coordinate systems, projections, clipping to a view volume, and normalization before rendering the 2D image. Technologies like OpenGL help specify common operations like projections, view
This document discusses vector data in GIS. It begins by defining vector data as representing real-world features using points, lines, and polygons. It then describes the three vector types - points as single X,Y coordinates with no area or length, lines/polylines as a series of points with length but no area, and polygons as enclosed areas formed by connecting three or more points. The document provides examples of each vector type and how they can represent different landscape features. It also discusses attributes associated with vector data, common problems like slivers and overshoots/undershoots, and how vector data can be queried and symbolized based on attributes.
Notes on 3.2 properties of linear frunction graphsjoannahstevens
The document discusses key properties of linear function graphs, including that the y-intercept is the y-value when x=0 and the x-intercept is the x-value when y=0. It defines slope as m in the slope-intercept equation y=mx+b and describes horizontal and vertical lines having slopes of 0 and undefined respectively. It lists three common forms for linear functions: slope-intercept, point-slope, and Ax+By=C and provides examples of transforming between the forms.
This document discusses key concepts related to derivatives including how to determine if a function is increasing or decreasing based on the sign of the tangent line's slope, points of inflection occurring when the second derivative changes sign, the extreme value theorem stating a continuous function achieves its minimum and maximum values over a closed interval, and how taking derivatives of a position function provides the velocity and acceleration functions, allowing analysis of graph characteristics.
The document provides instructions on how to create and format charts in Excel, including defining what a chart is, the basic steps to create a simple column chart from selected data, how to format chart elements like colors and styles, and how to change the chart type. It includes learning objectives, step-by-step content and processes, examples of activities with feedback, and resources for additional information.
This document provides instructions for using geometry tools and concepts in GeoGebra. It includes sections on reflection, area under a curve using Riemann sums, circle theorems, and calculating angle sums in triangles. The reflection section demonstrates how to reflect polygons across lines. The area under a curve section shows how to calculate lower and upper Riemann sums and the actual integral. The circle theorems section lists several theorems without examples. The triangle section provides step-by-step instructions to construct a triangle, rotate it, and calculate interior angles and their sum. Users are encouraged to practice these concepts by following the commands.
The document provides instructions for customizing charts created from data in a Word spreadsheet. It describes how to change chart styles, colors, and formatting of data series; modify row and column headings; and experiment with different chart types, labels, legends, and views. The goal is to familiarize the user with various options for visualizing and presenting spreadsheet data visually through charts in Word.
The Adafruit GFX graphics library provides a common set of graphics functions that work across multiple LCD and OLED displays. It handles low-level details so sketches can easily be ported between display types. The library includes functions for drawing common shapes like lines, rectangles, circles, and text as well as manipulating display properties like color and rotation. Individual display libraries work with Adafruit GFX to provide display-specific functionality.
This document provides instructions for using a graphing calculator to explore linear inequalities and integer addition visually. It guides the user to create sliders and points on a number line to represent linear expressions and the addition of integers. Adjusting the sliders allows observation of how changing the variables affects the linear inequality and integer sum. The final construction enhances understanding through an interactive visualization of these mathematical concepts.
The document provides information about AutoCAD, including:
1. A list of 71 common AutoCAD commands and their shortcuts. Commands allow users to draw geometry like lines, circles, rectangles, as well as modify objects, dimension, work with layers and layouts.
2. A brief history of AutoCAD's development from 1982 to the present.
3. An overview of the applications of AutoCAD in fields like engineering, carpentry, painting and drafting.
4. Descriptions of some key commands like line, circle, array, move, scale, dimension, layer and block.
The document discusses 3D graphics in GeoGebra, including how to customize the 3D graphics view, find the intersection of a plane and line, calculate the distance between two lines, graph functions of two variables, and use commands. It provides examples of constructing various geometric objects in the 3D view and exploring their relationships, as well as tips for navigating commands in GeoGebra.
Commly used shapes and designs for powerpointPushkar Kumar
These are some of the commonly used shapes and formats in a professionally designed powerpoint slide. Use them to make your presentation more impactful and give it the professional touch. Want to download - email me
-- Update: Followed by soo many requests, you can now download the file as well
This document provides an overview of plotting in MATLAB. It discusses how to create basic xy plots and customize their appearance by adding titles, labels, grids and changing line styles, colors and markers. It also covers making multiple plots by using subplots or hold on, and creating different plot types like bar graphs, pie charts, histograms and 3D plots. The document demonstrates how to edit plots interactively using the menu bar and save figures in different file formats.
The document discusses various types of graphic representations of data including graphs, diagrams, and charts. It describes graphs as a pictorial presentation of data using lines, bars, and dots. It explains the meaning and significance of graphs, compares tabular and graphic representations, and outlines general rules for constructing graphs. The document also discusses one variable graphs, two variable graphs, time series graphs, and different types of charts including histograms, frequency polygons, box plots, Pareto charts, fishbone diagrams, and more. It covers the merits, demerits, and limitations of using graphs.
This document discusses various methods of graphically representing data, including:
1. It defines graphs and diagrams, and compares tabular and graphical representation. General rules for constructing graphs are also outlined.
2. One variable and two variable graphs are described. Specific types of graphs discussed include time series graphs, histograms, frequency polygons, cumulative frequency curves, range charts, and band diagrams.
3. Additional graph types analyzed are Pareto diagrams, fishbone diagrams, and box plots. Merits, limitations and uses of different graphs are mentioned.
This document discusses different types of graphs, including line graphs, bar graphs, and pie charts. It describes when each graph type is most appropriate based on the data being visualized. Line graphs are best for comparing values over time, while bar graphs compare values across categories. The document also provides examples of correctly formatted line plots and instructs students to complete worksheets to practice creating different graph types.
This document discusses various methods of graphically representing data, including bar diagrams, pie charts, histograms, and line graphs. It describes the construction and purposes of simple bar diagrams, multiple bar diagrams, compound bar diagrams, pie charts, and histograms. The document emphasizes that graphical representations are important for conveying insights from data more effectively than tables alone and for understanding patterns.
This video from SK Knowledge Point discusses different types of diagrams used to represent numerical data, including pictographs, bar graphs, double bar graphs, pie charts, and histograms. It explains that pictographs use symbols to represent data values, while bar graphs and histograms use bars to show frequencies. Pie charts represent parts of a whole through proportional sectors of a circle. Various examples are provided of each type of diagram. The video encourages viewers to like, share and subscribe to the channel for more math content.
Graphic aids 1. chart A lecture By Allah Dad Khan VP The University Of Agric...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
1. The document discusses various types of charts that can be used for data visualization including narrative charts, tabulation charts, bar charts, pie charts, flow charts, line charts, area charts, column charts, scatter charts, polar charts, doughnut charts, bubble charts, and candlestick charts.
2. It provides brief descriptions of each chart type, explaining their purpose and how they represent and compare data visually.
3. Examples include that bar charts are like column charts with switched axes, pie charts show proportions of a whole, line charts connect data points over time, and candlestick charts specifically show open, high, low, and close prices.
Chart and graphs in R programming language CHANDAN KUMAR
This slide contains basics of charts and graphs in R programming language. I also focused on practical knowledge so I tried to give maximum example to understand the concepts.
This document discusses visualization and programming in MATLAB. It covers user-defined functions, flow control using if/else statements and for/while loops, and various plotting functions. Functions allow defining reusable code and can take in inputs and return outputs. Flow control allows conditionally executing code or repeating code in loops. Plotting functions can create line plots, images, surfaces, and more. The document provides examples of plotting sinusoidal waves and 3D surfaces, and exercises for modifying a plotting function.
This document discusses different types of graphs used to represent data: pie charts, bar graphs, line graphs, and pictographs. It provides details on the key elements of graphs, including titles, axes, legends, labels, and how to properly plot and organize data. Graphs are useful tools to help understand amounts and how things change over time by visually depicting relationships between variables.
Prelude
PART (A) TYPES OF GRAPHS
Line graphs
Pie charts
Bar graph
Scatter plot
Stem and plot
Histogram
Frequency polygon
Frequency curve
Cumulative frequency or ogives
PART (B) FLOW CHART
PART (C) LOG AND SEMILOG GRAPH
Displaying data using charts and graphsCharles Flynt
Bar charts, line graphs, pie charts, scatter plots, and histograms are commonly used types of charts. Each type of chart has distinct characteristics that make it suitable for visualizing certain types of data relationships. Bar charts are useful for comparing discrete categories, line graphs show trends over time, pie charts show proportions, scatter plots reveal correlations between two variables, and histograms display frequency distributions. Proper chart selection and design ensure data is presented clearly and accurately.
In this video Data Graphics has been discussed. How the data can be presented with the help of different line graph, poly graph, bar diagram, histogram and Scatter plot and semi logarithmic plot/graph.
Portion completed:
1.DATA GRAPHICS
2. REPRESENTATION OF DATA
3. line graph,
4. poly graph,
5. bar diagram,
6. histogram
7. Pie diagram
8. Wind rose and star diagram
9. Flow Charts
10. Simple Bar Diagram
11. Line and Bar Graph
12. Multiple Bar Diagram
13. Compound Bar Diagram
14. Pie Diagram
15. Scatter plot
16. Semi-log plot
There are several commonly used diagrams to represent numerical data, including pictographs, bar graphs, double bar graphs, and pie charts. Pictographs use symbols or pictures to represent data values. Bar graphs display data using uniformly wide bars of varying heights. Double bar graphs show two sets of data simultaneously. Pie charts, also called circle graphs, divide a whole circle into sectors proportional to the parts being represented. These diagrams help represent collected data visually.
There are several commonly used diagrams to represent numerical data, including pictographs, bar graphs, double bar graphs, and pie charts. Pictographs use symbols or pictures to represent data, with each symbol representing a certain value. Bar graphs display data using uniformly wide bars, with the heights representing values. Double bar graphs show two sets of data simultaneously. Pie charts, also called circle graphs, show the relationship between a whole and its parts by dividing a circle into sectors proportional to the parts.
There are several commonly used diagrams to represent numerical data, including pictographs, bar graphs, double bar graphs, and pie charts. Pictographs use symbols or pictures to represent data, with each symbol representing a certain value. Bar graphs display data using uniformly wide bars of varying heights. Double bar graphs show two sets of data simultaneously. Pie charts, also called circle graphs, show the relationship between a whole and its parts by dividing a circle into sectors proportional to the parts.
The document discusses various data visualization techniques using Matplotlib in Python. It covers creating basic line plots and scatter plots, customizing plots by adding labels, legends, colors and styles. It also discusses different chart types like pie charts, bar charts, histograms and boxplots. Advanced techniques like showing correlations and time series analysis are also covered. The document provides code examples for each visualization technique.
This document outlines different types of graphs used to display data including circle graphs, bar graphs, pictographs, broken line graphs, continuous line graphs, and scatter plots. It provides brief definitions and examples of each graph type, noting that circle graphs show portions of a whole, bar graphs are used for comparisons, pictographs use pictures to represent data, broken line graphs show trends over time, continuous line graphs have meaning between data points, and scatter plots show a set of plotted points.
The document provides instructions for creating bar and line graphs, including how to label the axes, choose an appropriate scale and interval, and add a title. It explains that the dependent variable goes on the y-axis and independent variable on the x-axis. Bar graphs are used to compare categorical data, while line graphs show relationships between variables and trends over time. Examples of properly formatted bar and line graphs are also included.
This document provides an overview of unit 3 in statistics which focuses on creating and interpreting different types of graphs including bar graphs, histograms, line graphs, and circle graphs. It describes key concepts such as determining the appropriate graph to represent a data set, creating graphs with or without technology, interpreting trends in graphs, and solving problems that involve graph interpretation. The document also provides examples and guidance on how to properly construct different graph types such as defining titles, axes, scales, intervals and labels. It distinguishes between bar graphs and line graphs and provides details on how to create histograms.
1. 7. Afișarea datelor
TOPICS
A. Waveform Charts
B. Waveform and XY Graphs
C. Intensity Plots
D. Personalizarea graficelor
2. • LabVIEW offers powerful functionality for plotting data. In the Graph
palette we have lots of useful controls for plotting and visualization of
data.
The most useful are:
• Waveform Chart
• Waveform Graph
• XY Graph
3. Înregistratoarele sunt indicatoare numerice speciale care afişează una
sau mai multe curbe.
Diagrama unda (Waveform Chart ): Este o componeta de interfata
dedicata afisarii uneia sau mai multor reprezentari grafice simultan,
pentru care se urmareste variatia in timp.
Graficele unda (Waveform Graph ): Se utilizeaza pentru
reprezentarea functiilor de o variabila (de forma y=f(x)), avand
punctele distribuite uniform pe axa absciselor. Aceasta se aseamana
cu diagrama undă. Permite realizarea uneia sau mai multor
reprezentari simultane.
Graficul XY(XY Graph ): Este componenta cea mai generala, care
permite realizarea reprezentarilor grafice ale functiilor de doua
variabile X si Y. Deasemenea se pot realiza una sau mai multe
reprezentari simultane.
4. A. Waveform Charts
• The waveform chart is a numeric indicator that displays one or
more plots. Waveform charts can display single or multiple plots.
Figure de mai jos, shows the elements of a multiplot waveform
chart. Two plots are displayed: Raw Data and Running Avg.
6. B. Waveform and XY Graphs
• Selected from the Graph subpalette
• Waveform Graph – Plot an array of numbers against their indices
• XY Graph – Plot one array against another
Plot Legend
(point and line
styles)
Graph Palette
Scale Legend
8. Multiple-Plot Waveform Graphs
Each row is a
separate plot:
Initial X = 0
Delta X = 1
Each row is a
separate plot:
Bundle specifies
point spacing of the
X axis
11. Chart and Graph Use Summary
Use the Context Help window with charts and graphs
12. C. Intensity Plots and Graphs
• Useful in displaying terrain, temperature patterns, spectrum
analysis, and image processing
• Data type is a 2D array of numbers; each number represents a
color
• Use these options to set and display color mapping scheme
• Cursor also adds a third dimension
14. • The different Chart components in LabVIEW offer a great deal of
customizing.
• You may click on the “Plot Legend” in order to set colors, different
line styles, etc.
15. • If you right-click on the Graph/Chart, you may set properties such as
auto-scaling, etc.
16. • If you select Properties, you get the following dialog:
17. • You may also select which items that should be visible or not.
18. Exemple:
Se va realiza un VI care să genereze un număr aleator la o rată
specificată de utilizator și afișarea rezultatelor pe un grafic
(Waveform Chart) până când este oprit de utilizator. Se va salva
salva VI-ul cu numele While_Graph.vi
19. Se va modifica While_Graph pentru a calcula și afișa media ultimelor
trei măsurări. Se va salva salva VI-ul cu numele
While_Graph_Average.vi
20. Următorul exemplu arată construcția funcției trigonometrice sinus
cu ajutorul buclei For, și afișarea rezultatului pe un Grafic undă.
21. Summary
• The waveform chart is a special numeric indicator that displays one or
more plots.
• Waveform graphs and XY graphs display data from arrays.
• Right-click a waveform chart or graph or its components to set
attributes of the chart and its plots.
• You can display more than one plot on a graph using the Build Array
function and the Bundle function for charts and XY graphs. The graph
becomes a multiplot graph when you wire the array of outputs to the
terminal.
• When you wire data to charts and graphs, use the Context Help
window to determine how to wire them.
• You can use intensity charts and graphs to plot three-dimensional
data. The third dimension is represented by different colors
corresponding to a color mapping that you define. Intensity charts and
graphs are commonly used in conjunction with spectrum analysis,
temperature display, and image processing.
Editor's Notes
Graficele si diagramele difera dupa modul cum afiseaza si actualizeaza datele. VI-urile cu grafice de obicei colecteaza datele intr-un sir si apoi ploteza datele catre grafice, lucru ce este similar cu un software pentru analizarea informatiilor cuprinse in tabele care la inceput stocheaza datele si apoi genereaza un grafic al acestora. In contrast, pe o diagrama, se pot vedea datele curente in context cu datele care sunt anterior obtinute. Sunt disponibile 3 tipuri de componente de interfata pentru vizualizarea reprezentarii grafice: - diagrama unda (waveform charts); - grafice unda (waveform graphs); - grafice XY (XY graphs); Diagrama unda Este o componeta de interfata dedicata afisarii uneia sau mai multor reprezentari grafice simultan, pentru care se urmareste variatia in timp. Graficele unda Se utilizeaza pentru reprezentarea functiilor de o variabila, avand punctele distribuite uniform pe axa absciselor. Aceasta se aseamana cu diagrama undelor . P ermite realizarea uneia sau mai multor reprezentari simultane. Graficul XY Este componenta cea mai generala, care permite realizarea reprezentarilor grafice ale functiilor de doua variabile X si Y. Deasemenea se pot realiza una sau mai multe reprezentari simultane. Waveform Graph —The waveform graph displays one or more plots of evenly sampled measurements. The waveform graph plots only single-valued functions, as in y = f( x ), with points evenly distributed along the xaxis, such as acquired time-varying waveforms. Waveform Chart -The waveform chart is a special type of numeric indicator that displays one or more plots of data typically acquired at a constant rate. The waveform chart maintains a history of data, or buffer, from previous updates. Right-click the chart and select Chart History Length from the shortcut menu to configure the buffer. The default chart history length for a waveform chart is 1,024 data points. The frequency at which you send data to the chart determines how often the chart redraws. XY Graph —The XY graph is a general-purpose, Cartesian graphing object that plots multivalued functions, such as circular shapes or waveforms with a varying time base. The XY graph displays any set of points, evenly sampled or not. You can wire a scalar output directly to a waveform chart to display one plot. To display multiple plots on one chart, use the Merge Signals function found in the Functions >> Signal Manipulation palette. The Merge Signal function bundles multiple outputs to plot on the waveform chart. To add more plots, use the Positioning tool to resize the Merge Signal function. The context help contains very good information on how the different ways to wire data into charts.
For a single plot, wire from the numeric control to the chart terminal. For multiple traces, bundle each number together and then wire to the strip chart. Open the chart example with the Example Wizard. It is important that students know that these examples are shipped with the package. If they have questions about how to wire to a strip chart, they have a good resource that shows all possible ways to display data on a chart. Transition to next topic: Now we will discuss topics related to plotting: chart properties and mechanical action of booleans.
A graph is a 2D display of one or more data arrays. Data arrays are called plots. Two types of graphs: Waveform Graph: Plots array of numbers vs. its index. Ideal for arrays with evenly distributed data points. Used for time-varying waveforms. XY Graph: Plots one array vs. another. General purpose. Good for multivalued functions, such as circular shapes or waveforms with a varying timebase. Both look similar on front panel. To place a graph on the front panel, choose the appropriate graph from the Graph subpalette of the Controls palette.
Because the Bundle function is used with graphs, be sure to briefly introduce the idea of clusters. Clusters allow you to group different data types together into one structure. In this lesson, they are useful to control the x-axis scaling attributes. Bundle function: Used to combine two or more elements of like or different data types. Remind the class that they used this function to bundle arrays in multiplot strip chart. There are several different ways to plot a waveform graph: Example 1: Bundle the array with the initial X value (Xo) and interval between X values (Delta X). The terminal looks like a cluster of objects because the data was bundled. (Called a cluster). Example 2: For simple plots, the array can be passed directly to the waveform graph terminal. Assumes the initial X value is 0 and the X increment is 1. The terminal is an array of double-precision numbers. Note that auto-indexing is used in the above examples.
If a 1D array is wired to a waveform graph, the graph assumes it is one plot. When a 2D array is wired to a waveform graph, the graph assumes each row in that array is a separate plot. Use the Build Array function to create a 2D array input for multiplot graphs: Example 1: A combination of two single-plot examples without Xo and Delta X defined (Example 2 from the previous slide). The Build Array function creates a 2D array input to the waveform graph. The terminal is a 2D array of double-precision numbers. Example 2: A combination of two single-plot examples with Xo and Delta X defined (Ex 1 from previous slide). The Build Array function creates a cluster array input to the waveform graph. The terminal is an array of clusters, because each graph is a cluster.
The XY graph looks identical to the waveform graph on the panel. Does not assume that the X-axis has a constant interval. Array of X values and array of Y values must be provided. More flexible than the waveform graph. Explain the slide: Generate two arrays, one for X values and other for Y values. Bundle arrays wire into the XY graph. Explain that an X array 1,2,3,4,5 and a Y array 0,1,0,1,0 will result in a graph with points ((1,0)(2,1)(3,0)(4,1)(5,0)). Show the class some graph examples using the Example Wizard: Examples of ways to graph charts (Charts.vi), waveform graphs (Waveform Graph.vi), and XY graphs (XY Graph.vi). Very useful reference.
not in course manual: Demonstrate to the students how the Help window gives you valuable wiring information about charts and graphs and which one you have.
Create a VI that generates a random number at a specified rate and displays the readings on a Waveform Chart until stopped by the user. Connect the termination terminal to a front panel stop button, and add a slider control to the front panel. The slider control should range from 0 to 1000 in value, and be connected to the Time Delay Express VI function inside your while loop. Save as Loop.vi
Modify Loop.vi to calculate and display also moving average taken from last three “measurements”. Save as Moving Average.vi
Do not immediately display this slide. Suggested questions for class participation: What are the three update modes for a chart? What is the different between a chart, graph and XY graph? What would you use to plot data if you wanted to see the temperature versus the pressure? What would you use to plot the temperature map of an X-Y plane?